Non-suicidal self-injuries in a sample of Mexican university students (original) (raw)
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Psicothema, 2021
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored the prevalence and unidimensional structure of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) in Spanish adolescents. METHOD in this study, we estimated the prevalence, types, and functions of NSSI in 1,733 Spanish adolescents, and we tested the unidimensional factorial structure of non-suicidal self-injury. RESULTS 24.6% of the adolescents referred to having self-injured at least once during their lifetime, and 12.7% had self-injured using more severe methods of NSSI. The most frequent types of NSSI were interfering with wounds (14.6%), scratching (12.5%), and hitting (11.7%). We found no differences between genders in NSSI frequency. The majority of the participants who self-injured referred to intrapersonal functions. The confirmatory factor analyses of the ISAS-I structure showed a single factor with 10 items, thus supporting the unidimensionality of the construct of NSSI. CONCLUSIONS NSSIs reflect difficulties in regulating emotions or managing interperson...
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: An Observational Study in a Sample of Adolescents and Young Adults
Brain Sciences, 2021
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) is the self-inflicted destruction of body tissues without suicidal intent with a prevalence of 1.5% to 6.7% in the youth population. At present, it is not clear which emotional and behavioral components are specifically associated with it. Therefore, we studied NSSI in a clinical sample of youth using the Ottawa Self-injury Inventory and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11. The Mann–Whitney test was used to compare the numerical responses provided to the tests. We found 54 patients with NSSI, with a mean age of 17 years. Scores were analyzed in the total sample and in four subgroups. In the total sample, Internal Emotion and External Emotion Regulation, Craving, Non-Planning and Total Impulsivity were significantly associated with NSSI. There were statistically significant differences in Craving between patients with multiple NSSI episodes, suicide attempts and multiple injury modes and patients of other corresponding subgroups, in Internal Emotion Reg...
Journal of affective disorders, 2017
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) may lead to scarring, infection, accidental death and psychological distress. Little is known about NSSI in the general population of young adults in developing countries like Mexico. The current study examined the prevalence of any NSSI and each type of NSSI, the prevalence of meeting DSM-5 proposed criteria, and finally the association of NSSI with socio-demographic variables, suicidal behavior and psychiatric disorders. This study was conducted in a community sample of 1071 young adults between 19 and 26 years of age residents of Mexico City. The lifetime prevalence of NSSI was 18.56% with females having 87% greater odds. The 12-month prevalence was 3.19%. Only 0.22% of the total sample and 6.96% of those that self-injured in the past 12 months met full criteria proposed by DSM-5, in part due to the lack of reported impairment; 39.99% of those that self-injured reported impairment. Suicidal behavior commonly co-occurred with NSSI. All lifetime anxi...
Nonsuicidal self-injury in a community sample of older children and adolescents of Mexico City
Actas españolas de psiquiatría
In Mexico, as in other countries, studies do not distinguish between attempted suicide and suicidal and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The aim of this study was to investigate self-injury and its prevalence using several definitions, in addition to studying the frequency of the proposed DSM-5 criteria for NSSI in adolescent girls and boys. The study was observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and comparative using a nonrandomized sample of adolescent girls and boys from official high schools who completed the self-injury questionnaire. The participants were 533 older children and adolescents with a mean (SD) age of 13.37 (0.95) years, age range 11 to 17 years, and 54% female sex distribution. The prevalence of NSSI defined according to proposed DSM-5 criteria was 5.6% (N=30) and, according to a broad definition using only item 51 (“Do you hurt yourself without intending to end your life?”), 17.1% (N=140). Prevalence defined by the number of events in the last month (1-3 events...
The purpose of this study was to examine predictors of non-suicidal-selfinjury (NSSI) including depression, stress, anxiety and suicidal behaviors (SIB) among students at two colleges in the USA and Greece. A convenience sample (N = 1062) was used along with the NSSI-Check List, SITBI, and DASS instruments. Significantly Greek (27%) reported higher rates of NSSI (p < .01) versus the United States students (17%). Greek students engaged in self-biting, carving, and insertion of glass objects (p < .01) at a higher rate than the USA students. A model to predict NSSI revealed Greek students who reported an absence of suicidal thoughts, being heterosexual, Christian, and under stress, were 76% more likely to engage in NSSI (p < .01). The USA students who reported an absence of suicidal thoughts and the presence of anxiety were 85% more likely to engage in NSSI (p < .01). Findings support the view that NSSI is a distinct phenomenon not necessarily related to suicidal behaviors and consistent with the NSSI diagnosis under further study (DSM-2013). As well, the high rates of NSSI along with depression, anxiety, and stress found in this study supports the literature urging NSSI be treated as a significant mental health issue.
The Nature and Extent of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in a Non-Clinical Sample of Young Adults
Archives of Suicide Research - ARCH SUICIDE RES, 2008
This study aimed to examine the nature, extent and correlates of non-suicidal self injury (NSSI) in a non-clinical sample of young adults. Two hundred and eleven participants (18–30 years) completed self-report questionnaires assessing history of NSSI, emotional regulation, coping strategies, symptoms of psychopathology, and alcohol use. Of the sample, 43.6% reported engaging in NSSI; approximately 10% engaged in moderate/severe NSSI. Those that reported NSSI reported greater psychopathology, avoidant coping and alcohol use than those who did not self-injure. The extent of these differences was magnified as the severity of NSSI increased. These findings highlight the need to consider any form of NSSI, no matter how mild, as an indication of distress and ineffective coping.
Noro Psikiyatri Arsivi, 2016
Introduction: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as the deliberate harm of oneself without intent to die. In this study, we aimed to investigate the nature, functions, and related risk factors of NSSI among Turkish high school students. Methods: A total of 1656 students in grades 9, 10, 11, and 12 from 18 high schools in Izmir province were invited to the study. Self-report forms from 1642 adolescents who accepted to participate in the study were assessed. Frequency, methods, nature, and functions of NSSI were asked about with the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury. Sociodemographic characteristics of the adolescents and probable risk factors for the behavior were surveyed by the sociodemographic form that was developed by the authors for the present study. Results: The mean age of the first self-injury was 13.3±2.6 years among the 519 adolescents who reported at least one previous act of NSSI. Most of the adolescents with NSSI history (84.4%, n=438) harmed themselves five or more times. The most frequent NSSI method was banging/hitting. Among the NSSI-related risk factors, violence in the family, NSSI history in the family, criminal behavior history in the family, previous disciplinary history in the school, NSSI among friends, negatively perceived friend relations, cigarette smoking, deliberate destruction of property, and physical abuse history were found to be the most prominent. Adolescents were found to most frequently utilize the affect regulation function of the behavior, and self-punishment and marking distress followed. As the NSSI frequency increased, the autonom (intrapersonal) functions were used more frequently, and the social (interpersonal) functions were used less. Conclusion: NSSI among the high school students developed under the influence of many risk factors related to the family, school, and friend environments as well as factors related to the adolescents themselves. Adolescents mostly harm themselves to tolerate and regulate their negative feelings. The ones who engage in NSSI more frequently utilize autonom functions more, compared to those who report low levels of NSSI.
The Practice of Self-Injury in Young People: A Pain to Analyze
Reme Revista Mineira de Enfermagem, 2019
Pain is an experience considered unpleasant; however, there are situations in which it is self-inflicted. The theme of this work involves the behavior of causing pain through self-injury. Objective: to analyze the phenomenon of self-injury based on the meanings attributed to pain perception by young people who undergo or underwent this experience, besides identifying aspects related to the practice of self-injury. Method: it is a qualitative study, through semi-structured interviews, with 10 young people between 18 and 28 years old, who practice or have already practiced self-injury. The data were analyzed by thematic content analysis technique and interpreted by Freudian psychoanalytic theory. Results: seven categories were identified, however, in this article only the categories "the meanings and senses of pain" and "sensations and feelings" will be discussed. The first category includes the themes "physical pain relieves emotional pain", "good pain", "intensity of pain" and "desired pain". The second category the themes "relief" "anguish", "guilt", "sadness" and "anger". Conclusion: self-injury seems to be a discharge of unbearable psychic contents and provides relief from psychic suffering.
The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2017
Although nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) peaks in adolescence, a significant proportion of young people continue to self-injure into emerging adulthood. Yet, little is known about factors prospectively associated with persistent NSSI. Using data from a 3-year longitudinal study (n = 1466), we compared 51 emerging adults (67.3% female; average age, 20.0 years) who continued to self-injure from adolescence and 50 emerging adults (83.7% female; average age, 20.3 years) who had ceased NSSI, on a broad range of psychosocial factors. More frequent NSSI, use of a greater number of methods, specific NSSI functions, academic and emotional distress, and lack of perceived emotion regulatory capability differentiated emerging adults who continued with NSSI and those who had ceased the behavior. Further, the relationships between social support, life satisfaction, and NSSI were mediated by perceived ability to regulate emotion. Findings from this study point to the role of personal belief in the ...