Genç Erişkinde Mide Kanseri: Yirmi İki Yaşında Bir Olgunun Bildirimi Ve Literatürün Gözden Geçirilmesi (original) (raw)
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Hereditary risk factors for the development of gastric cancer in younger patients
2004
Background It is believed that the development of gastric cancer (GC) before the age of 50 has a hereditary basis. Blood group A and history of gastric cancer in first-degree relatives have been shown to be risk factors for GC. Methods In this case-control study, we enrolled patients with GC who were diagnosed before the age of 50. Patients who were diagnosed as having GC were selected. A total of 534 cases were found; of these, 44 diagnosed before the age of 50 were included in the case group.
Incidence of Hereditary Gastric Cancer May Be Much Higher than Reported
Cancers
Hereditary gastric cancers (HGCs) are supposed to be rare and difficult to identify. Nonetheless, many cases of young patients with gastric cancer (GC) fulfill the clinical criteria for considering this diagnosis but do not present the defined pathogenic mutations necessary to meet a formal diagnosis of HGC. Moreover, GC in young people is a challenging medical situation due to the usual aggressiveness of such cases and the potential risk for their relatives when related to a germline variant. Aiming to identify additional germline alterations that might contribute to the early onset of GC, a complete exome sequence of blood samples from 95 GC patients under 50 and 94 blood samples from non-cancer patients was performed and compared in this study. The number of identified germline mutations in GC patients was found to be much higher than that from individuals without a cancer diagnosis. Specifically, the number of high functional impact mutations, including those affecting genes inv...
Gastric cancer in young patients
International journal of surgical oncology, 2013
Aim. The aim of this study was to see the clinical, pathological, and demographic profile of young patients with stomach carcinoma besides association with p53. Patients and Methods. Prospective study of young patients with stomach carcinoma from January 2005 to December 2009. A total of 50 patients with age less than 40 years were studied. Results. Male female ratio was 1 : 1.08 in young patients and 2.5 : 1 in older patients. A positive family history of stomach cancer in the first degree relatives was present in 10% of young patients. Resection was possible only in 50% young patients. 26% young patients underwent only palliative gastrojejunostomy. The most common operation was lower partial gastrectomy in 68%. Amongst the intraoperative findings peritoneal metastasis was seen in 17.4% in young patients. 50% young patients presented in stage IV as per AJCC classification ( value .004; sig.). None of the patients presented as stage 1 disease in young group. Conclusion. Early detection of stomach carcinoma is very important in all patients but in young patients it is of paramount importance.
Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice, 2004
H He er re ed di it ta ar ry y C Ca an nc ce er r i in n C Cl li in ni ic ca al l P Pr ra ac ct ti ic ce e 2004; 2(2) A Ab bs st tr ra ac ct t Gastric cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed malignancy worldwide and therefore represents a significant healthcare burden. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in the development of gastric cancer. To date only one clear genetic predisposition has been identified involving mutations in the E-cadherin gene. The disease phenotype in patients harbouring E-cadherin mutations appears to be specifically related to diffuse gastric cancer. Little is known genetically about the other forms of gastric cancer. Since there is a growing awareness about the necessity of early intervention criteria have been developed that aid the identification of hereditary forms of gastric cancer. The aim of the current study was to identify minimal inclusion criteria so that nuclear pedigree families can be provided with risk assessment and/or genetic testing. The results reveal that inclusion features described herein such as (a) gastric cancer diagnosed before 46 years of age; (b) two gastric cancers among first degree relatives diagnosed over the age of 50 are useful in identifying suspected hereditary gastric cancer patients.
European Journal of Cancer, 2003
To determine the prevalence of gastric precancerous lesions and mucosal genetic alterations in relatives of a cluster of familial gastric cancer (FGC), we studied a kindred spanning two generations. The founder, daughter and niece underwent surgery for gastric cancer (GC); a son and other two daughters of the founder, presented with chronic dyspepsia. In all subjects, gastric mucosa samples were analysed for pathological features, Helicobacter pylori infection, microsatellite (MIN) and chromosomal (CIN) instability. The overexpression of mp53 and c-myc, and cytoplasmic b-catenin delocalisation were found in the 2 younger cancer patients. All GC and gastritis patients had normal E-cadherin expression and were MIN-negative. Aneuploidy characterised all GC cases, and mixed euploid and aneuploid cell populations were present in the gastric biopsies from two of three 'at-risk' relatives. These two subjects, one of whom had severe active gastritis, and gastric mp53 and c-myc expression, were CagA-positive H. pyloriinfected. DNA aneuploidy, p53 and c-myc expression disappeared after H. pylori eradication. In this FGC cluster, genetic abnormalities were found in first-degree relatives (3 patients) only in presence of H. pylori infection (2 cases H. pylori-positive versus 1 case H. pylori-negative) supporting the hypothesis that, besides the influence of a genetic profile, FGC may be, at least partly, mediated by intrafamilial clustering of H. pylori infection.
Role of heredity, endogenous and exogenous factors in gastric cancer
2020
Gastric cancer (GC) usually has an unfavorable prognosis: the five-year survival rate is 20-30% in most world regions. Timely diagnosis and prevention of risk factors may reduce mortality from GC. This review discusses the meta-analyses of 40 endogenous and exogenous factors associated with GC. GC is significantly associated with family history; dietary preferences (increased consumption of roast and smoked red meat, hot foods, pickles, salt (over 5-6 g/day), nitrates (over 20 mg/L drinking water); lifestyle (smoking, opium use, strong alcohol, beer, stress); some diseases including gastroesophageal reflux disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and autoimmune disorders; infections (Helicobacter pylori, human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus); ionizing radiation, and professional hazards. Data suggesting associations between the risk of GC and the consumption of coffee, tea, high-fat foods, simple carbohydrates, folic acid, sleep duration, and blood cholesterol turned out to be conflicting due to the inconsistencies of the results between cohort and case-control studies. About 3% of all gastric cancers are linked to hereditary syndromes associated with pathogenic variants of CDH1, STK11, SMAD4, BMPR1A, TP53, MYH, APC, PTEN, ATM, BRCA1, and some other genes.
Genetic epidemiologic aspects of gastric cancer in Iceland1 1No competing interests declared
Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 2002
BACKGROUND: Association between gastric cancer and environmental factors (diet and infections) has been established, and genetic changes are well described in adenocarcinomas of the stomach. Less is known about clinical features of hereditary gastric cancer and whether the disease is associated with family clustering. STUDY DESIGN: Family trees of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer in Iceland between 1955 and 1999 were identified in the Genealogical Database of the University of Iceland. All probands with age of onset younger than 60 years were used in the study. Families of all probands (nϭ455 men and 161 women) were traced to third degree. Through linkage of the genealogic data obtained by the Icelandic Cancer Registry (between 1955 and 1999), all reported cancers were identified in those families. The expected number of cases was calculated using age-specific population rates in Iceland.
2012
In patients with gastric cancer, the most frequently reported family history of cancer also involves the stomach. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of gastric precancerous lesions in first-degree relatives of patients with gastric cancer and to compare the obtained results with those of individuals with no such family history. Methods: Between 2007 and 2009, 503 consecutive persons more than 30 years old were enrolled in the study covering siblings, parents or children of patients with confirmed adenocarcinoma of stomach. The control group was made up of 592 patients who were synchronously undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for evaluation of dyspepsia without gastric cancer or any family history. All subjects were endoscopically examined. Results: The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was 77.7% in the cancer relatives and in 75.7% in the control group. Chronic gastritis was found in 90.4% vs. 81.1% (P<0.001). Regarding histological findings, 37(7.4%) of the study group had atrophy vs. 12(1.7%) in the control group (P<0.001), while no difference was observed for intestinal metaplasia (20.3%vs. 21.6%, P=0.58). Dysplasia were shown in 4% of cancer relatives but only 0.4% of the control group (P<0.001). There was no gender specificity. Conclusions: Findings of our study point to great importance of screening in relatives of gastric cancer patients in Iran.
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2014
Introduction: Gastric cancer was the leading cause of cancer. A marked decrease in its incidence has been observed, because of increased use of refrigeration and increased use of antibiotics. Second most common site of cancer occurrence worldwide. Third most common cancer in South India. Adenocarcinomas account for more than 90% of gastric cancers. Aim of the study: To evaluate the effect of lifestyle habits and dietary factors in causation of Gastric cancer in patients attending Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh.To create awareness regarding THE RISK FACTORS of this entity. Material and methods: A hospital based study was conducted from March 2012 to July 2012 including 2yrs retrospective cases from July 2010 in Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh.97 histologically confirmed cases of adenocarcinoma of stomach were studied. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results: Out of 97 cases majority were in the age group 60-69 yrs 50 (51.5 %)and lowest affected age group was of 40-49 yrs 30(30.9%). Male preponderance 57(58.6%) than females 40(41.2%). 50((51.5%)presented with history of alcohol ,Smoking: 9 (9.2%) and Tobacco chewing:11 (11.3%). 24 out of the 97 cases (25%) have given a history of chronic gastric acidity. Only one case has reported stomach cancer in the family (brother).Combined risk factors:Alcoholic + Non vegetarian diet: 16 (18%),Smoking + Non vegetarian diet: 14 (15.7%),Alcoholic +Smoking + Non vegetarian diet: 26 (29%) high intake of pickled and spicy food, dried fish, smoked and fried food. Conclusion: Gastric cancer is a disease of old age with around 50% of the patients presenting after the age of 60yrs. It has a male preponderance with a ratio of 2:1. There is a definite correlation between combined intake of non vegetarian food, alcohol and smoking. In our study we could not find the correlation with blood group A. In order to bring awareness among the relatives of the patients we have explained to them the risk factors. Advice was given about the dietary habits and cessation of addictions.