Bio-Flocculation and Antimicrobial Activities of Powdered Moringa Oleifera (Lam) Seeds and Alum on Domestic Wastewater Microbial Consortia (original) (raw)
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Effectiveness of using milled Moring Oleifera seeds as a disinfectant in waste water treatment
Test Engineering and Management, 2020
Water disinfection is a crucial water treatment process because it deals with the removal of pathogens to make water safe to drink. Moringa oleifera extract was used as a disinfectant and the total coliform count was monitored through microscopic observations. The total coliform bacteria removal at a dosage of 5 ml/100 ml of Moringa Oleifera extract was counted to be 13 colonies from an original count of 200 colonies, translating to about 93.5% removal of the bacterial strains. The results showed that MO extract dosages higher than 5 ml/100 ml remove lesser bacteria due to an increase in organic matter. Moringa oleifera seeds have shown the ability to act as a disinfectant by reducing the total coliform bacteria in waste water by 93.5% at an extract dosage of 5 ml/100 ml proving that it has anti-microbial properties.
2012
Ground water is fresh water located in the core space of soil and rocks. Wells and springs constitute groundwater supplies. Present study deals with the suitability of the coagulation-flocculation process using Moringa oleifera seeds as natural absorbent and environmentally friendly antimicrobial agent for purification of ground water for drinking purpose. In present study various doses of Moringa oleifera seed powder like 50, 100 and 150 mg/l were taken and checked for the efficiency dose on raw groundwater. After treatment of water samples with Moringa oleifera seed powder were analyzed for different parameter like pH, turbidity, TDS, TS, hardness, chlorides, alkalinity, acidity, MPN and SPC. All parameters were reduced with increased dose of Moringa oleifera seed powder except alkalinity and pH. Application of this low cost Moringa oleifera seeds is recommended for eco-friendly, nontoxic, simplified water treatment where rural and peri-urban people living in extreme poverty are p...
Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed as a coagulant in domestic wastewater treatment
An investigation on the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed for the treatment of domestic sewage was carried out in 15 litres plastic pots. Completely randomized design (CRD) experimental design was adopted. The treatments included: the control culture (no Moringa seed), 2 g of Moringa oleifera, 4 g of Moringa oleifera and 6 g Moringa oleifera. Physical, bacteriological and chemical properties of domestic sewage were investigated before and after treatment. The turbidity value was reduced drastically for the treatments. Water hardness was reduced from 64.2 mg/l to 36 mg/l for the treatments. Alkalinity was reduced from 148 mg/l to 114 mg/l for the treatments, total solids were reduced from 1280 mg/l to 1129 mg/l for the treatments, suspended solids were reduced from 384 mg/l to 306.3 mg/l for the treatments, dissolved oxygen was reduced from 124.8 mg/l to 112.7 mg/l for the treatments, dissolved solids were reduced from 896 mg/l to 820.3 mg/l for the treatments, and acidity was increased from 0.84 to 2.02 for the treatments. The pH value was reduced from 9.6 to 7.5 for the treatments. BOD was reduced from 96.5 mg/l to 80.2 mg/l for the treatments and COD was reduced from 81.6 mg/l to 72 mg/l for the treatments. Generally, the results showed that the higher the quantity of Moringa oleifera seed applied to sewage, the better the purification of the sewage.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2016
Wastewater and ground water treatment are mostly using Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC), a synthetic coagulant, which possess health risk and require expensive cost. This research was carried out to observe the effect of Moringa oleifera seed as natural coagulant to replace synthetic coagulant. M. oleifera reduced 98.6% turbidity of wastewater, 10.8 % of its conductivity, 11.7% of its BOD and removed its metal contents (Cd, Cr, Mn). When applied to ground water, M. oleifera removed the turbidity of ground water as much as 97.5%, while reduced the conductivity and BOD of ground water 53.4 % and 18%, respectively. The use of M. oleifera also reduced total number of coliform. The advantage of using M. oleifera is that it does not reduce pH as PAC, hence does not require further treatment to adjust pH of the treated water.
Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 2024
Sachet and borehole water are the major sources of drinking water for many in Nigeria. However, there are still concerns about drinking water purity in Nigeria. This study was conducted to determine the parasites associated with sachet and borehole drinking water and to determine the efficacy of Moringa oleifera seed in the flocculation treatment of sachet and borehole water. A total of 75 sachet water from 15 brands, and 10 different borehole water samples were collected from the study area. Moringa seed was processed and maceration was done to extract the active ingredients. Of the 75 sachet water samples from 15 brands examined, none had any parasites. However, all the brands contained varying degrees of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Brand N had the highest (147.1mg/L), while Brand G had the least (4.62mg/L). After treatment, the TDS values of all the water samples were reduced by more than 50% in each of the brands. There was no significant association in the particle load among the sachet water brands (P>0.05, P=0.141). All 10 borehole water samples examined also contained varying degrees of TDS. The highest level of TDS in the study (635.4mg/L) and Ova of Ascaris lumbricoides was observed in sample E. After treatment, the TDS values of all the water samples were reduced. Also, ova of A. lumbricoides was no longer observed in the sample E. In this study, M. oleifera seed has demonstrated a high level of efficacy as a flocculation agent for the purification of drinking water. Therefore, we recommend further studies to determine how the seed could be used safely as a household and industrial water flocculant.
Water quality and treatment is becoming of increasing concern, especially in developing nations, where water quality is poor and proper treatment is lacking. Moringa oleifera is a tropical plant whose seeds contain watersoluble substances that have coagulation activity in water. The coagulation and antimicrobial efficiency of the Moringa oleifera seed solution at different concentrations in turbid surface water (Onu-Ebonyi river) were studied and compared with alum, which is presently the most widely used industrial coagulant. The physicochemical and microbial analysis of the turbid surface water indicated that the water sample has turbidity of 28 NTU and the presence of 30 100 MPN/ml coliform bacteria, 286 10 CFU/ml mesophilic bacteria and 70 10 CFU/ml mesophilic fungi respectively. However, microbial reduction of 70-93.3 % for coliform bacteria, 93.7-98.3 % for mesophilic bacteria and 97-100 % for mesophilic fungi was obtained following coagulation of the water sample with Moringa oleifera seed solution, as the concentration increased from 1-2 %. Also, at 1 % (1g/100ml) by weight concentration, both Moringa solution and alum coagulants gave 62.5 % and 75 % turbidity removal respectively. Moringa seed is non-toxic and environmentally friendly, and unlike alum does not significantly affect the pH and conductivity of the treated water. So, as a natural coagulant, Moringa oleifera seed may be potentially viable substitute to alum in both home and pilot water treatment especially in the rural areas of the developing countries.
International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2017
Most of wastewater treatment stations use aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4) 3 , 18H 2 O) and ferric sulfate (Fe 2 (SO 4) 3) despite their relatively high cost. High turbidity of wastewater constitutes also a limit for a good treatment and increases the cost of the treatment. Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds are well known to have the ability to reduce turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of wastewater. Moreover, most of the studies focus on using seeds directly for that purpose increasing consequently organic matter content. One of the major objectives of this study is to proposes a contribution for municipal wastewater treatment using crude MO extracted protein powder (MOEP) for the first time for industrial applications. NaCl extraction of MO defatted seeds bioactive molecule is first performed with a yield of 34% and the protein precipitated with ammonium sulfate 60% (m/v) and dried for coagulation as classical protein precipitation. Parameters affecting the effectiveness of MO bioactive protein in wastewater treatment permits to operate at ambient temperature and a range of pH from 6 to 9. The proposed process uses alum and MO bioactive protein molecules powder as coagulant and as additive for classical municipal wastewater treatment. Within a ratio of 50:50 (w/w), more than 90% of the turbidity and 75% of COD. The results obtained with kaolin suspensions showed that MOEP is more efficient for higher turbid wastewater.
Wastewater and ground water treatment are mostly using Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC), a synthetic coagulant, which possess health risk and require expensive cost. This research was carried out to observe the effect of Moringa oleifera seed as natural coagulant to replace synthetic coagulant. M. oleifera reduced 98.6% turbidity of wastewater, 10.8 % of its conductivity, 11.7% of its BOD and removed its metal contents (Cd, Cr, Mn). When applied to ground water, M. oleifera removed the turbidity of ground water as much as 97.5%, while reduced the conductivity and BOD of ground water 53.4 % and 18%, respectively. The use of M. oleifera also reduced total number of coliform. The advantage of using M. oleifera is that it does not reduce pH as PAC, hence does not require further treatment to adjust pH of the treated water.
Heliyon, 2020
The use of natural plant extracts for treatment of water in some parts of the world has been recorded throughout human history. An example is the use of Moringa oleifera in water purification due to its coagulation properties. However, the efficiency of the treatment systems largely depends on the design of the system and its operation. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of Moringa oleifera seed powder coupled with sand filtration in treating greywater from public senior high schools in the Bolgatanga Municipality and Kasena Nankana West District in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Microbial and physico-chemical properties of greywater collected monthly from the senior high schools was analyzed. Moringa oleifera seed powder was added to raw greywater and then filtered through a sand filter bed. Physico-chemical and microbial parameters of the treated greywater were then analyzed. Mean turbidity, TDS, TSS, T. phosphate and T. nitrogen of the raw greywater was 312.5
Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed as coagulant for water purification
The high cost of treated water makes most people in the rural communities to resort to readily available sources which are normally of low quality exposing them to waterborne diseases. It is in this light that this research was carried out to confirm the effectiveness of powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa oleifera seeds which is commonly available in most rural communities of Africa. This was done using Completely Randomised Design with loading doses of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 g/L of the powder processed from Moringa seeds, and aluminium sulphate (alum) as coagulant. A control (water from the pond with only distilled water without alum and Moringa treatments) was also included. The turbidity, pH, and conductivity and total coliform were determined for all the samples. The turbidity for the samples ranged from log100.30 to log101.36NTU while the conductivity ranged from log102.29 to log102.72 μS/cm. The 12 g/L treatment of Moringa and 10 and 12 g/L alum treatments gave values that are acceptable according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for safe drinking water. The control sample gave the higher extremes values which are unacceptable. The pH values (7.29 to 7.89) obtained for the treatments were in the recommended range set by WHO. The Most Probable Number per 100 ml for total coliform counts had values from 2 to 17 at 95% confidence limits. The Moringa treatment gave lower counts. Findings of this research lend support to earlier works recommending the use of Moringa for water treatment.