The political_Concepts & History (original) (raw)

Political Culture of Kurdistan Region Factors and Features

Govarî zankoy Helebce, 2023

Political Culture is perception and approach of people in relation to politics and political system, which at the same time is an important factor in determining the type of political system and plays an important role in stabilizing democracy. So far, less importance has been given to the role of culture in politics and determining the type of political system in Kurdistan. This research is titled political culture of Kurdistan factors and features, which is also the first research on this topic. The purpose of the research is to show the features and factors of the political culture of the Kurdistan region, which is finally reflected in its politics and political system. Analytical research has been done based on historical and library methods.

تأثیر اوضاع سیاسی و اجتماعی یونان قرن پنجم قبل از میلاد بر اندیشة سیاسی افلاطون

2013

افلاطون نخستین فیلسوفی است که اندیشه های سیاسی خود را در یک نظام سنجیده ی فلسفی بیان می کند. گواه این سخن دو اثر مهم او یعنی جمهوری و قوانین است، که در آنها می توان اندیشه های سیاسی او را دریافت. نوشته های سیاسی او نشانگر آن است که زندگی وی به عنوان فیلسوفی بزرگ، هیچگاه از سیاست و اجتماع دوران خود دور نبوده است. آمیختگی سیاست، متافیزیک، اخلاق و تربیت، در آثار افلاطون نشان می دهد که او در دوره ای پر کشاکش و مهم، در مسائل سیاسی و اجتماعی بوده است. از آنجا که هیچ اندیشه ای بدون گذر کردن از تنگناها و مجراهای تاریخی پدید نمی آید، سعی بر آن است که تاثیرات دوران پر افت و خیز و شکوفای یونان، یعنی قرن پنجم ق م را، بر اندیشه های سیاسی افلاطون بررسی نماییم. چراکه شناخت عوامل تاثیرگذار بر اندیشه ی یک فیلسوف، در فهم پژوهشگر برای یافتن جریان های تاریخی کمک خواهد کرد .

Word as a Discourse: Evaluation of the Relationship between the Word and Historical Periods and Discourses واژه به مثابه گفتمان: بررسی پیوند واژه با دورهها و گفتمانهای تاریخی

journal of Linguistic Research, 2021

این پژوهش، بر پایة رویکرد تحلیل گفتمانی فوکو برداشت گفتمانی مشارکان را از واژه‌های تاریخی-سیاسی بررسی می‌کند و در پی آن است که صورت‌بندی‌های متفاوت تاریخی-گفتمانی و ماهیت متغیر آنها، چگونه در واژه‌ها به عنوان مصداقی از حقیقت گفتمانی (برساختة گفتمانی) نمود یافته و با واژه‌ها بازتولید و یادآوری می‌شوند؟ به عبارت دیگر چگونه «واژه» به تنهایی یک گفتمان قابل‌تحلیل است؟ این پژوهش طی دو مرحله و دو پرسشنامه و به ترتیب با 110 و 135 مشارک از دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی به عنوان نسل جوان معاصر انجام شده‌است. روش این پژوهش کیفی و کمی و مبتنی بر توصیف و تحلیل است. پرسشنامة دوم در 5 گروه پرسشی، پیوند واژه با دوره‌های تاریخی و گفتمان‌ها، تفاوت گفتمان واژه در هر دوره و گفتمان فردی مشارکان را ارزیابی می‌کند. داده‌ها به صورت کیفی و کمی و در قالب آمار و نمودار توصیف و تحلیل شده‌است. تحلیل کمی و آمار استنباطی داده‎ها که شامل 21 گویه بودند با نرم افزار SPSS ارائه شد که وجود پیوند معنادار میان «واژه‌ها» با «دوره‌ها و گفتمان‌های تاریخی» را تأیید می‌کرد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد برخی واژه‌ها مانند واژه‌های تاریخی... Based on Foucault's discourse analysis approach, this study examines participants' discourse perceptions of historical-political words and tries to find the answer to the question of how different historical-discourse formulations and their changing nature is expressed in words as a referent of discourse truth (constructed discourse) and reproduced and recalled by words. In other words, how is the "word" itself a discourse that can be analyzed? This research was conducted in two stages and two questionnaires with 110 and 135 participants. The method of this research is qualitative-quantitative and based on description and analysis. The second questionnaire in 5 groups of questions evaluates the connection of the word with historical periods and discourses, the difference between the discourse of the word in each period, and the individual discourse of the participants. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively in the form of statistics and graphs. Quantitative analysis of data from 21 items by SPSS software confirmed a significant relationship between "words" and "historical periods and discourses". The results showed that some words, such as historical-political words, are to some extent formed in discourse and are tied to specific historical discourses. And reciprocally, independently and disregarding any background and verbal context, they can represent and induce that discourse and reconstruct the components related to that discourse in the mind of the addressee. Thus, although the words have their own lexical meaning in the language, according to different contexts, conditions of occurrence, different minds, and finally different discourses, they show different perceptions, influences, and relative meanings and carry different discourses, and the concept they have in the mind is a historical one that has been formed in history. This study concludes that words reflect the reorientation of the discourse formulations and articulations of history and they alone can be studied in discourse analysis and ethnology.

Conceptual Evolution of Development from Perspective of Radicalism

سپهر سیاست, 2019

The aim of this research is to study Radical theory ideals in Global political economy with emphasis on development. Thus, the main research question is the nature and meaning of development in the various Radicalism approaches including (such as) studies Colonialism and Imperialism, Dependency theory, Neocolonialism, Globalization, and the evolution of development concept in each theories. As his research is done in descriptive-analytic method and by desk research, the findings show that all theories has been presented (raised) permanent connection (relation) and links between dynamics of Capitalism system and its functions and the concept of development and underdevelopment in different national and international levels, and the inherent characteristics of capitalist system including exploitation, inequality, and inhuman relations has described in all theories. While understanding Radical' ideals of Radicalism theory in global political economy or international relationships ...

Farabi’s Views and Ideas on the Role of Government and Education in Delineating the Gap between Knowledge and Moral Act

Mirror of Wisdom

their acts are similar to those of the ignorant city inhabitants. The reason can be traced back to the education of the people of the vicious city and its government. In fact, education is the basis for moral acts irrespective of whether they are proper or improper. Of course, it should be mentioned that Farabi also refers to the role of habit, pleasure, weakness of will and weakness in evaluation in the emergence of the gap between knowledge and moral act.

On the Reconciliation of Human Rights and Cultural Difference

حقوق بشر, 2019

Human rights are universal, and therefore seem to be independent of 'identity' and 'difference'. In the Western philosophical and religious traditions they originated in the Stoic idea of the moral unity of mankind and the Christian belief in one, unique, universal God, the creator of the Universe and its human inhabitants. According to this view, all human beings had certain fundamental obligations to God, and this entailed obligations to all human beings. Although Christians believe Christianity to be the one true religion, the Christian theory of human rights holds that all human beings have obligations to respect the rights of all other human beings, irrespective of their religious beliefs or cultural identity. The modern conception of human rights, as embodied in UN texts, is a secularised version of this idea: all human beings have all human rights (including the rights to freedom of religion and to participate in the culture of their community) irrespective of...

The Effect of Forensic Discourse on the Usage of Words in Civil Court Based on the Categorization of Conceptual Relations

Journal of Legal Research, 2020

The effect of court speech can be affected by using verbal and non-verbal cues. Verbal acts transfer their linguistic contents of necessary language use and nonlinguistic components such as body movements. This study aims at investigating the effect of on lexical and phrasal use in people's forensic discourses in civil courts following Safavi's (2011) categorization model of lexical conceptual relations. Every word, phrase, clause, a sentence has a meaning which can be transferred by linguistic and nonlinguistic elements. Linguistic components of meaning are concerned with lexicons and syntax. The research data gathered from two video clips of getting divorces by agreement in order to study lexical collocation, combination, deviation, inflection, and semantic relations at the word and sentence level. The results indicated that identifying the linguistic and correct use of lexical structures and grammatical patterns cause interactional