Practice Framework for the Management of Post-Disaster Housing Reconstruction Programmes (original) (raw)
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Procedia Engineering, 2018
Following the increasing occurrence of large-scale disasters, several permanent housing reconstruction programmes have been initiated particularly in developing countries. However, stakeholders within the international development and humanitarian sector have identified permanent housing intervention as ineffective and one of the least successful sectoral intervention particularly in terms of implementation. As a result, stakeholders have increasingly demand for evidence-based studies that will provide insights and guidance to policy makers and practitioners on the measures that could be applied in achieving effective implementation of permanent housing reconstruction programmes. The paper presents the methodical framework including the epistemological foundation and selection of research methodology for which a PhD research that focus on developing a framework for effective management of permanent housing reconstruction programmes was conducted. The article seeks to enhance research methodology knowledge base especially within the disaster resilience-(re)construction management-field that would yield research output to enhance policy-making and practice on the management of housing reconstruction programmes.
An analysis of issues for the management of post-disaster housing reconstruction
International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 2016
There is an urgent need to improve the management of housing reconstruction programmes. Post-disaster housing reconstruction represents a significant portion of global property investment but its management has often proved to be ineffective. Although the post-disaster context makes management more challenging, it also offers exceptional opportunities to invest in and develop a more resilient built environment. On the basis of a systematic review of the existing literature, characteristics of the housing reconstruction context and successes, failures and management issues arising from historical housing reconstruction programmes were identified. These were synthesized into a conceptual framework that relates the contextual characteristics with management strategies and with the desired outcomes for housing reconstruction initiatives. This framework will enable field data collection in order to better understand the interrelationships between context, management strategies and outcom...
Analysis of Measures for Managing Issues in Post-Disaster Housing Reconstruction
Buildings
After large scale disasters, reconstruction is often initiated by stakeholders to minimize disaster impacts and to mitigate a recurrence. For most reconstruction programmes, priority is given to reconstruction of permanent housing in consideration of the multiplying effects of housing reconstruction on social and economic recovery and the development of community resilience. However, numerous challenges arise during implementation which have reportedly been poorly managed and this has resulted in the ineffectiveness of housing reconstruction programmes and the failure of housing interventions to achieve their intended goals. In previous, related research, the issues affecting the implementation of housing reconstruction programmes were identified and a conceptual framework proposed. This study systematically reviews the academic literature, case studies and working papers in order to identify measures that have been applied by managers of reconstruction programmes to overcome these previously identified issues. The measures identified will be used to develop the previously proposed conceptual framework and thus to enable data collection through an experts' opinion survey. Findings from the experts' opinion survey will, in turn, be used to deduce best practice measures for managing permanent housing reconstruction programmes. This study is intended to aid policy making by providing stakeholders with good practice measures for managing issues in post-disaster housing reconstruction. In addition, it improves the knowledge base by presenting current housing reconstruction management practices and recommending how they can be improved for better community recovery and resilience building after large-scale disasters.
A framework for managing post-disaster housing reconstruction
The built environment is becoming progressively more complex and dynamic. These changes impose growing challenges on construction professionals in terms of disaster risk reduction. Construction innovations also have the potential to positively contribute to promoting disaster resilience and mitigating climate change. This initial investigation of the case studies from the literature focuses on the development of a general framework for the effective organisation and management of post-disaster housing reconstruction. The framework developed enables data collection for further investigative studies in order to improve management practices in future housing reconstruction programmes.
Following the increasing occurrence of large-scale disasters, several permanent housing reconstruction programmes have been initiated particularly in developing countries. However, stakeholders within the international development and humanitarian sector have identified permanent housing intervention as ineffective and one of the least successful sectoral intervention particularly in terms of implementation. As a result, stakeholders have increasingly demand for evidence-based studies that will provide insights and guidance to policy makers and practitioners on the measures that could be applied in achieving effective implementation of permanent housing reconstruction programmes. The paper presents the methodical framework including the epistemological foundation and selection of research methodology for which a PhD research that focus on developing a framework for effective management of permanent housing reconstruction programmes was conducted. The article seeks to enhance research methodology knowledge base especially within the disaster resilience -(re)construction management -field that would yield research output to enhance policy-making and practice on the management of housing reconstruction programmes.
International journal of disaster risk reduction, 2017
The main purpose of this article is to propose recommendations to the processes of post-disaster recovery in development countries, focusing on housing recovery, based on the analysis of three relevant experiences in the American continent. The methodology adopted is based on the study of real cases of post-disaster recovery and the data was obtained through bibliographic research, documentary collection and also participant observation using the O-P-R (Observation-Participation-Reflection) model. A discussion on key aspects of housing recovery was performed based on the cases and, as a final result, recommendations are presented considering the psychosocial and the social capital recovery, the restoration of livelihoods, the supply of temporary housing and shelters, the selection of beneficiaries for the habitational recovery programs, the provision of permanent housing and the governance in the disaster recovering process.
Rebuilding Housing after a Disaster: Factors for Failure
Disasters, particularly those triggered by nature are often followed by a swift humanitarian relief response to address the resultant emergencies. These efforts are then transitioned through the medium recovery stage, eventually aimed at providing a long term post-disaster reconstruction solution. Emergency humanitarian relief focuses on responding to the immediate need for restoration of basic services, medical treatment and medical supplies, food and temporary shelter, and is a short term strenuous effort. Reconstruction of permanent houses, on the other hand, is a continuous process that often requires decades of effort to return a community to normality. Whilst emergency relief is generally perceived to be very effective, post-disaster housing reconstruction projects often fail to meet their set objectives. This paper outlines and discusses factors that contribute to the failure of post-disaster housing reconstruction projects and the subsequent immediate and long term negative ...
This paper critiques the traditional project management (PM) approach for post-disaster reconstruction work in relation to long-term effectiveness at strengthening disaster resilience of communities. While assessments of post-disaster reconstruction projects normally occurs within a few years of the disaster this paper is based on a study of four 'good practice' reconstruction projects, 15 years after the earthquake and seven years after the flooding disaster from the Indian states of Gujarat and Bihar respectively. This extended timeframe enabled the examination of long-term outcomes related to disaster resilience of communities. The comparison of the four case study projects through extended timeframe enabled authors to articulate critical success factors contributing to project's effectiveness. The research found that the best long-term outcomes were achieved when the agencies implementing post-disaster housing reconstruction projects: 1) adopted an 'agile' approach to project planning and implementation; 2) allocated ample time for gaining and maintaining community trust; iii) provided multiple materials, technologies and skilled labour choices to ensure hazard-safety of housing, and (iv) continued community capacity building beyond the completion of the reconstruction work. These imperatives have prompted the development of a progressive, spiral model for effective post-disaster housing reconstruction project management which is presented in this paper. Classification: Empirical research paper.
Critical factors for successful housing reconstruction projects following a major disaster
Post-disaster reconstruction projects are often considered ineffectual or unproductive because on many occasions in the past they have performed extremely poorly during postcontract occupation, or have failed altogether to deliver acceptable outcomes. In some cases, these projects have already failed even before their completion, leading many sponsor aid organisations to hold these projects up as examples of how not to deliver housing reconstruction. Research into some previous unsuccessful projects has revealed that often the lack of adequate knowledge regarding the context and complexity involved in the implementation of these projects is generally responsible for their failure. Post-disaster reconstruction projects are certainly very complex in nature, often very context-specific and they can vary widely in magnitude. Despite such complexity, reconstruction projects can still have a high likelihood of success if adequate consideration is given to the importance of factors which are known to positively influence reconstruction efforts. Good outcomes can be achieved when planners and practitioners ensure best practices are embedded in the design of reconstruction projects at the time reconstruction projects they are first instigated. This paper outlines and discusses factors that significantly contribute to the successful delivery of post-disaster housing reconstruction projects.
2008
A number of housing projects funded by charities and NGO’s in response to disasters, in developing countries are deemed to be inappropriate due to poor project management and limited resources which may comprise one or more of the following: limited knowledge of local climatic conditions; local materials; and the way people live and work within their communities; and often simply lack of experience. Habitually it is believed that there is neither the time nor resources to undertake detailed analysis to ensure what is being constructed is ‘fit for purpose’. Large amounts of funding, often from charitable giving, are used to plan, design and build housing projects, projects unlikely to be sustainable due to ineffective and inefficient use of resources. Hasty decisions made without appropriate local consultation inevitably create inappropriate and unwanted results, such as housing which cannot be used by local communities; and housing that does not even meet local standards for safe bu...