New generation of nanozyme based-tooth bleaching gel with dual effect: tooth whitening and enamel microhardness improving (original) (raw)
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Egyptian Dental Journal
Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporation of nanocalcium phosphate into the bleaching agent on microhardness and color change of enamel. Materials and Methods:30 maxillary anterior teeth were divided into three groups: group (1): no bleaching agent, group (2): bleached with 40% carbmide peroxide, and group (3): bleached with 10 wt% of prepared nanocalcium phosphate modified carbamide peroxide. All samples were tested for color change using spectrophotometer, and hardness was evaluated using Vickers hardness test before and after bleaching. Results: No significant change in color was observed for both groups although group (2) showed yellowish color change. Hardness was increased for group (3) that was confirmed by SEM and EDEX results. Conclusion: Bleaching using nanocalcium phosphate particles had the highest hardness results and at the same time improved the remineralization effect on the tooth surface.
Research Square (Research Square), 2023
To evaluate in vitro the effects of sodium uoride (F) and nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMPnano) added to a 35% hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) bleaching gel on the color alteration, enamel mechanical and morphological properties, and H 2 O 2 transamelodentinal diffusion. Materials and Methods Bovine enamel/dentin discs (n = 180) were divided according to the bleaching gel: 35% H 2 O 2 (HP); 35% H 2 O 2 + 0.1% F (HP/F); 35% H 2 O 2 + 1% TMPnano (HP/TMPnano); 35% H 2 O 2 + 0.1% F + 1% TMPnano (HP/F/TMPnano) and 35% H 2 O 2 + 2% calcium gluconate (HP/Ca). The gels were applied 3 times by 40 min; once each 7-day. Color alteration (ΔE and ΔE 00), whitening index (ΔWI D), surface (SH) and crosssectional hardness (ΔKHN), surface roughness (Ra), and transamelodentinal diffusion were determined. Enamel surfaces were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Dispersive Energy (EDX). Data were submitted to ANOVA, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test (p < 0.05). Results ΔE, ΔE00, and ΔWID were similar among the evaluated gels that produced a bleaching effect after enamel pigmentation (p < 0.001). Mineral loss (SH and ΔKHN), Ra, and H 2 O 2 diffusion were lower for HP/F/TMPnano; the HP and HP/Ca groups presented the highest values (p < 0.001). For SEM/EDX, surface changes were observed in all bleached groups, but less intense with TMPnano. Conclusions Gels containing F/TMPnano do not interfere with the bleaching effect and reduced enamel demineralization, roughness, H 2 O 2 diffusion, and morphological changes.
Awareness About Medicinal Application Of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Among Dental Students
SciDoc Publishers, 2021
Cerium Oxide (CeO2) NPs, among other NPs, have been widely used because to their unique surface chemistry, high stability, and biocompatibility. Sensors, cells, catalysis, therapeutics agents, drug delivery careers, and anti-parasitic ointments are all made with it. Antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-larvicidal, photo-catalysis, and antioxidant therapies have all been documented so far using green produced CeO2 NPs.
Preparation and Characterization of Natural Bleaching Gels Used in Cosmetic Dentistry
Materials
The novelty of this study consists of the formulation and characterization of three experimental bleaching gels with hydroxylapatite oxides and fluorine (G28®, G29®, G30®) based on natural fruit extracts compared to the commercial Opalescence 15% (GC, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA). Studies have been conducted on the effect that the experimental bleaching gels have on the color and morphology of different restorative materials (Nanofill®-Schulzer, P.L. Superior Dental Materials GmbH, Hamburg, Germany, and experimental nanocomposites (P11®, P31®, P61®)), immersed in coffee and artificial saliva (for 10 days and 30 days). The study also includes a cytotoxicity test on the gels and nanocomposites after bleaching, with ISO 109993-5 protocols on human dental follicle stem cells. UV-VIS spectroscopy, computerized measurement, and fluorescence spectrometry were used in order to observe the color changes, while the microstructure of the surface was investigated by Scanning Electron Micro...
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Objective: This study evaluated the hydrogen peroxide (HP) penetration inside the pulp cavity and the color change of teeth submitted to the 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) nanoparticle bleaching gel at several application times. Materials and methods: Premolars were divided into nine groups (n = 6) according to 15% CP bleaching agents (nanoparticle and commercial) and to application times (15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes). A negative control was exposed to ultra-purified water. After a whitening procedure, the HP concentration (μg/mL) inside the pulp cavity was assessed via spectrophotometry. The color change (ΔE* and ΔE00*) was evaluated with a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed via two-way ANOVA and Tukey (α = 0.05). Results: A lower concentration of HP was detected for CP nanoparticle gel after 30 and 45 minutes of whitening procedure (P = .001). The bleaching groups promoted a higher color change (ΔE* and ΔE00*) regardless of the application time (P = .0001). Conclusions: The CP nanoparticle gel reduced HP inside the pulp cavity, and showed effective bleaching compared with CP commercial gel. Clinical significance: Using 15% carbamide peroxide nanoparticle bleaching gel decreased the HP penetration inside the pulp cavity and may decrease bleachinginduced tooth sensitivity in at-home bleaching. K E Y W O R D S tooth bleaching, nanotechnology, tooth whitening, hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide 1 | INTRODUCTION A high demand for tooth whitening makes it one of the most common and popular procedures in the dental clinic. 1 Among various supervised dental bleaching techniques, at-home bleaching has been reported as successful 2,3 and is the tooth-bleaching technique used most often. 4 This technique is safer, easier to use, and less expensive due to the lower time in the chair required compared with the inoffice bleaching technique. 5,6 The most widely used at-home bleaching product is carbamide peroxide. 3 During the bleaching procedure, carbamide peroxide decomposes in hydrogen peroxide, which diffuses throughout dental structures and interacts with organic molecules, thus promoting the bleaching. 7 However, this can generate bleaching-induced tooth
A Review on Biomedical Approaches of Green Synthesized Cerium Oxide Nanostructure
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) have shown promising approaches as therapeutic agents in biology and medical sciences. Also CeO2 show the different antioxidant properties, this is mainly due to the self-regeneration of their surface, which is based on redox-cycling between 3+ and 4+ states for cerium, in response to their immediate environment.The aim of this review is to discuss the green synthesis methods and the different biomedical applications like antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial activities and toxicological studies including the most recent studies carried out in vivo and in vitro to study the problems. The greener approach provides environment friendly, nontoxic, cost effective and efficient method for the production of metal oxide nanoparticles. This review focused on the biosynthesis of CeO2and its potential biological applications. Key Words: Cerium oxide, green synthesis of CeO2, biomedical applications Introduction: Nanotechnology is the branch of science which deals with particles ranging between 1-100 nm. These particles are called nanoparticlesand they exhibit unique electronic, optical, magnetic, and mechanical properties, which make them different from the bulk material. These properties of nanomaterials help them to find a variety of applications in the biomedical, agricultural, and environmental fields[1, 2, 3]. By considering variety of applications,different synthetic approaches have been used for the fabrication of nanoparticles with desired the morphology and size. To achieve nanoparticles of desired morphology, two different basic approaches of synthesis have been studied in the existing literature such as top-down approach and bottom-up approach [4]. Conventionally, nanoparticles are synthesized through a diverse range of preparation methods such as ball milling, sputtering, lithographic techniques, and etching The utilization of the bottom-up approach involves various protocols such as sol-gel process, molecular/atomic condensation, chemicals' vapor deposition, laser pyrolysis, and spray pyrolysis[5]. Among the various approaches and protocols used for the synthesis of CeO2 NPs, the synthesis using biosources as a reducing agent has been generally accepted by researchers because of eco-friendliness, nonhazardous reagents, easy to operate procedures, low energy consumption, and cost effectiveness. Biomolecules and
2020
Objective: Investigating effects of ten percentage from carbamide peroxide bleaching agent on possible demineralisation of enamel surface to include assessment of the mineral density of human enamel which measure through using X-ray NanoCT scanning technique. Methods: Sixty enamel slabs obtain from human molars. Four slabs from a single tooth were used for each intra-oral device (two slabs acting as controls and two slabs being subjected to bleaching). A total of 15 volunteers included in our investigation. The volunteers were advised to wear the intra-oral devices containing the slabs for a period 16 hours a day and the study duration of 14 days. Volunteers advise to wear intra-oral devices containing the slabs 16 hr a day for 14 days. Bleaching was carried out ex-vivo for 8 hr / day throughout used ten percentage from carbamide peroxide bleaching agent. Control slabs on appliance were treated with the control gel. The baseline mineral density of the enamel slabs was measured prior...
In situ Effect of Nanohydroxyapatite Paste in Enamel Teeth Bleaching
The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2017
Evaluate in situ the effect of nanohydroxyapatite paste (nano-HAP) before bleaching with hydrogen peroxide 35% (HP35%) by ion chromatography (IC) Knoop hardness number (KHN) and tristimulus colorimetry (TC). A total of 60 fragments were obtained from third molars included (3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm) and the specimens were divided into three groups (n = 20): Gas chromatography (CG) (negative control group) = no bleaching; HP35% (positive control group) = HP35% whitening (whiteness HP35%); nano-HAP = application for 10 minutes before bleaching treatment + HP35%. The specimens were fixed to the volunteers' molars. The KHN and TC were measured before and after bleaching. For IC, the dentin layer was removed, leaving the enamel that was crushed, and autoclaved for chemical quantification (calcium, fluorine, and phosphorus). The results of KHN and TC were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test (p < 0.05). The HP35% group showed reduction of the Ca, F...
A Study for Tooth Bleaching via Carbamide Peroxide-Loaded Hollow Calcium Phosphate Spheres
Dentistry Journal, 2016
The objective of this study was to investigate if a prolonged bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide-loaded hollow calcium phosphate spheres (HCPS) can be achieved. HCPS was synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction method. Carbamide peroxide (CP) was-loaded into HCPS by mixing with distilled water as solvent. We developed two bleaching gels containing CP-loaded HCPS: one gel with low HP concentration as at-home bleaching gel, and one with high HP concentration as in-office gel. Their bleaching effects on stained human permanent posterior teeth were investigated by measuring the color difference before and after bleaching. The effect of gels on rhodamine B degradation was also studied. To investigate the potential effect of remineralization of using HCPS, bleached teeth were soaked in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) containing calcium and magnesium ions. Both bleaching gels had a prolonged whitening effect, and showed a strong ability to degrade rhodamine B. After soaking in PBS for 3 days, remineralization was observed at the sites where HCPS attached to the teeth surface. CP-loaded HCPS could prolong the HP release behavior and improve the bleaching effect. HCPS was effective in increasing the whitening effect of carbamide peroxide and improving remineralization after bleaching process.
Scientific Reports
To evaluate the bleaching ability, the effect on enamel surface and cytotoxicity of novel tooth-whitening formulations containing papain, ficin, or bromelain. Forty bovine dental discs (6 cm ×4 cm) were pigmentated and randomly allocated into the following groups (n = 10): Group 1, 20 wt% carbamide peroxide (control); group 2, 1% papain-based whitening; group 3, 1% ficin-based whitening; and group 4, 1% bromelain-based whitening. The whitening gels were prepared and applied on the enamel three times per day once a week, for 4 weeks. Color measurement was obtained by CIEDE2000. Enamel Knoop microhardness and roughness were evaluated. The WST-1 assay was used to evaluate the cell viability of mouse fibroblast cells (L929). Data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student Newman Keuls’s post hoc test at α = 0.05 significance level. Bromelain, ficin-based, and carbamide peroxide bleaching gels showed a similar color change (p