Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in the Elderly Population (original) (raw)
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Research Paper: Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in the Elderly Population
2018
Background: Old age is accompanied by impaired musculoskeletal and nervous system, which may result in low mobility and cognitive problems. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between Physical Activity (PA) and Cognitive Function (CF) among the elderly population. Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 200 old people who were members of retirement clubs in Mashhad City, Iran in 2017. They were selected using purposeful sampling method. To collect data, International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tools were employed. The Pearson correlation test and hierarchical regression analysis were used to determine the relationship and predictability of CF with PA, respectively after controlling intervening variable (age). Moreover, one-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) analysis was used to examine difference between CF scores in different PA levels. Results: There was a positive and significant relationship between PA and CF in the elderly (r=0.63, P<0.0001). After controlling the age factor, PA was able to explain 42% of CF variance (F2,197=72.17, P<0.0001). Moreover, ANCOVA results indicated that cognitive impairment was higher in the elderly with low PA (F2,197=54.40, P<0.0001). Conclusion: This study showed that lower PA was associated with higher cognitive impairment and older people with moderate and high PA had better CF than elderly with low PA. Therefore, suitable physical activity should be planned for the elderly to improve their ability in performing cognitive tasks.
Nutrition and Metabolic Insights
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the link between the physical activity (PA) and cognitive function among the elderly in the health and social centers in Kenitra, Rabat, and Sidi Kacem city (Morocco). Materials and methods: This study was conducted among 172 elderly (56.4% men) aged above 60 years (67.53 ± 7.53) in the health and social centers in Kenitra, Rabat, and Sidi Kacem city (Morocco). Cognitive functions were assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (Normal: MMSE’s score >24 and cognitive impairment (CI): MMSE’s score ⩽ 24). The physical activity (PA) was evaluated using the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire), ranking the elderly by high, moderate, and limited level of PA. The binary logistic regression was performed by the cognitive function (dependent variable), and PA level (independent variable). Results: The elderly people with cognitive impairment (MMSE score <24 tend to practice less walking and cycling activities ( P = ...
The Impact of Physical Activities on Cognitive Performance among Healthy Older Individuals
Brain Sciences
The population is aging in developed countries. This aging process results in many changes, both physical and mental. Over the years, there has been a gradual decline in the level of cognitive functions closely related to the ageing process, which is most often connected with ageing diseases such as dementia. So far, pharmacological treatment has not yet been able to cure this neurological disorder. Health policies around the world seek to find alternative programs and strategies to help a healthy population prevent cognitive decline and prolong active life. One such strategy appears to be physical activity. The aim of this review is to discuss the impact of physical activity on cognitive performance among healthy older individuals. The methodology of this study is based on a systematic electronic literature search of available studies found in three databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. The findings suggest that any physical activity in older age seems to have a positive im...
Physical activity and risk of cognitive impairment among older persons living in the community
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2007
Despite growing interest in the physical and environmental factors associated with the risk of cognitive decline, there is still a lack of information explaining whether they are related to each other. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship of lifetime physical activity with cognitive performance in older persons aged 80 years or older. Data are from the baseline evaluation of the ilSIRENTE Study (n=364). Cognitive performance was assessed using a 6-item, 7-category scale [Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS)]. The questionnaire in the ilSIRENTE study form contained one item asking respondents about the frequency of light and high physical activity. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine the effect of different levels of physical activity on cognitive performance, after adjustment for potential confounding variables. The mean age of 364 subjects participating in the study was 85.9 (standard deviation [SD] 4.9) years, and 244 (67.0%) were women. Of the total sample, 158 subjects (43%) had a history of high intensity physical activity during young age; the rate of high intensity physical activity was lower during adult age and old age (125 and 67 subjects, respectively). After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals with a history of high intensity physical activity had a significantly lower CPS score (indicating better performance) than other participants, independently of the age period considered. The present study suggests that, among old-old subjects living in the community, a history of high physical activity is associated with better cognitive performance.
Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the cognitive performance of elderly who are enrolled in a physical activity (PA) program with those who are not, considering some sociodemographic variables that are related to the practice of cognitive activities. Method: 59 elderly people participated in this study divided into control group (CG) and gymnastics group (GG). The Vienna Test System® was used to estimate the attention and concentration capacities, simple reaction time and peripheral perception. To test the normality of the data it was used the Shapiro Wilk Test. The association between PA and socioeconomic variables was verified by Chi-Square Test and Fisher Exact Test. To compare of differences between groups the Mann Whitney U-test for variables with non-parametric distribution and the Student T-test for independent samples for other variables were used. Result: There were no significant differences in the performance of the groups, except in the capacity of att...
The Relationship Of Physical Activity With Cognitive Function In The Elderly In Ciamis Village
Asy-Syifa : Journal of Science and Technology Nursing
Purpose: This study aims to find out about Ciamis Village. Method: This study uses correlational analytical methods with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study totaled 99 respondents. Samples were taken using technique sampling quotas and data collection using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaires and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Data analysis was performed with a chi-square test. The study was conducted in March–April 2022. Results: Based on the results of the study out of 99 respondents there were 48 elderly (98.0%) with less activity experiencing cognitive decline, 1 elderly (2.0%) with less activity having a normal cognitive function, there were 44 elderly (88.0%) with good physical activity having a normal cognitive function, and 6 elderly (12.0%) with good physical activity experiencing a decrease in cognition is a live function. From the results of the chi-square test, it shows that there is a relationship...
Correlation between Cognitive Function and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
2021
Background: One of the health problems often found among older adults in Indonesia is cognitive impairment, resulting in difficulties daily life and a significant decrease in functional status. This study aimed to determine the correlation between cognitive function and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from October–November 2019. Samples were collected from North Jakarta through consecutive sampling (n=38). Cognitive function was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the physical performance was measured using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) method. The statistical test applied in this study was Spearman’s rank correlation (p<0.05). Results: The majority of the subjects in this study were mostly female young older adults with the most received ≥12 years of education. The results for both MMSE and TUG were normal. There was a negative correlation between MMSE and TUG scores (r= -0.357,...
Effectiveness of Physical Activity on Cognitive Performance in Older Adults
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.13\_Issue.7\_July2023/IJHSR-Abstract27.html, 2023
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Ageing refers to change in the ability to think, learn and remember that occur as individuals age. Resistance exercise and Tai Chi exercise program for older adults undergoing cognitive aging and to examine the effectiveness of physical activity on cognitive performance in older adults. AIM: The aim of the study was to the effectiveness of physical activity on cognitive performance in older adults. METHOD: A sample of 30 patients within age group of 50-70 years were randomly divided into two groups, Group A was 15 subjects and Group B was15 subjects which were taken on basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria and method of quasi randomized sampling. The subjects in group A were treated as control group followed by any kind of activities as they want to do, group B treated with resistance exercise and Tai Chi exercise for 5 months. The subjects' cognitive performance was assessed by Time Up and Go and Mini Mental State Examination. The pre and post-test result were tabulated and assessed. RESULTS: The study concluded that after 5 months the Resistance exercise and Tai Chi exercise program were significantly improving the cognitive performance in older adults. CONCLUSION: The result of the study suggested that physical activity shows improvement in cognitive performance apparently caused positive effects improved in cognition flexibility, working memory, verbal fluency and learning and avoiding negative impacts on quality of life, sleep quality and possibly on muscular strength and mental confusion in older adults.
Physical activity and cognitive function in individuals over 60 years of age: a systematic review
Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2014
Background: It is unclear whether physical activity in later life is beneficial for maintenance of cognitive function. We performed a systematic review examining the effects of exercise on cognitive function in older individuals, and present possible mechanisms whereby physical activity may improve cognition. Methods: Sources consisted of PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and the University of Washington, School of Medicine Library Database, with a search conducted on August 15, 2012 for publications limited to the English language starting January 1, 2000. Randomized controlled trials including at least 30 participants and lasting at least 6 months, and all observational studies including a minimum of 100 participants for one year, were evaluated. All subjects included were at least 60 years of age. Results: Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-six studies reported a positive correlation between physical activity and maintenance or enhancement of cognitive function. Five studies reported a dose-response relationship between physical activity and cognition. One study showed a nonsignificant correlation. Conclusion: The preponderance of evidence suggests that physical activity is beneficial for cognitive function in the elderly. However, the majority of the evidence is of medium quality with a moderate risk of bias. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify the association between exercise and cognitive function and to determine which types of exercise have the greatest benefit on specific cognitive domains. Despite these caveats, the current evidence suggests that physical activity may help to improve cognitive function and, consequently, delay the progression of cognitive impairment in the elderly.
Intense physical activity is associated with cognitive performance in the elderly
Translational Psychiatry, 2012
and the AIBL research group Numerous studies have reported positive impacts of physical activity on cognitive function. However, the majority of these studies have utilised physical activity questionnaires or surveys, thus results may have been influenced by reporting biases. Through the objective measurement of routine levels of physical activity via actigraphy, we report a significant association between intensity, but not volume, of physical activity and cognitive functioning. A cohort of 217 participants (aged 60-89 years) wore an actigraphy unit for 7 consecutive days and underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. The cohort was stratified into tertiles based on physical activity intensity. Compared with individuals in the lowest tertile of physical activity intensity, those in the highest tertile scored 9%, 9%, 6% and 21% higher on the digit span, digit symbol, Rey Complex (RCFT) copy and Rey -min recall test, respectively. Statistically, participants in the highest tertile of physical activity intensity performed significantly better on the following cognitive tasks: digit symbol, RCFT copy and verbal fluency test (all Po0.05). The results indicate that intensity rather than quantity of physical activity may be more important in the association between physical activity and cognitive function.