Municipal Wastewater Treatment in Subsurface Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands Using Conventional Media in Setup Phase (original) (raw)
Related papers
Pollutant Removal Abilities of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland
Nepal Journal of Civil Engineering, 2021
With the rapid urbanization, the production of wastewater is increasing day by day. Direct discharge of wastewater in the water bodies/land causes environmental pollutions. Hence, treatment of the wastewater is must, prior to the disposal. Treatment of wastewater through constructed wetlands (CWs) require low cost, less energy consumption, easy construction, and simple operation/maintenance. So, CWs can be the better option for the developing countries such as Nepal. Main objective of the study was to determine the pollutant/nutrient removal abilities of total nitrogen (N), total phosphorous (P), potassium (K+), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in the horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) CW. The study was carried out in the HSSF CW having gravel as substrate material and common reed (narkat, phragmites karka) as macrophyte. The CW treated domestic wastewater at an average flow rate of 8.64 m3.d−1. The first order removal rate constants were 0.015 m−1 (0.200 d−1) for total N, 0.035 m...
Pollution, 2023
Constructed wetland systems (CWs) are low-cost natural treatment systems for various types of influents. Although mainly the natural wetlands are soil-based, the constructed wetlands have been traditionally built using aggregate media. The performance of four types of available soils in Chhattisgarh was studied as the filter media in the horizontal subsurface flow-constructed wetland (HSFCW). Fourteen pilot-scale CW units with different soil types (entisol, vertisol, alfisol, inceptisol, and stone aggregate) and plant types (Canna indica and Typha latifolia) were used to treat domestic wastewater (WW). One set of each soil base reactor was planted with Canna indica and Typha latifolia, and one was kept blank (unplanted). All soils and plants are easily available. The reactors received primary wastewater in batch loads with WW loading for six hours to maintain aerobic conditions. The residence time of WW was 48 hours, and the applied hydraulic loading rate (HLR) was based on soil and aggregate. According to the findings, the planted HSFCW was more effective than the unplanted system. The results show that the wetland constructed on the treatment efficiency of the soil base has excellent potential to treat WW, with both plants.
To foster the practical development of the constructed wetlands used for water quality enhancement in Turkey, 2 vertical subsurface flow pilot-scale constructed wetlands were implemented on the METU campus, Ankara, Turkey. Both of the wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and operated identically at a flowrate of 3 m3.d 1 and a hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of 0.100 m.d 1, intermittently. The main objective of the research was to quantify the eect of dierent substrates (gravel and blast furnace granulated slag) on the nutrient removal performance of the constructed wetlands in the prevailing climate of Ankara. According to the monitoring study (July 2002-January 2003), concentration based average removal eciencies for the slag and gravel reed beds were as follows: TSS (64% and 62%), COD (49% and 40%), NH+ 4 -N (88% and 58%), TN (41% and 44%), TP (63% and 9%) and PO3 4 -P (60% and 4%). In general, the treatment performance of the slag system was better than that of the grave...