Projective techniques for brand image dimensionality and using various techniques to investigate and improve the brand personality (original) (raw)

2012, Polish journal of management studies

This paper is an attempt to study the effectiveness of projective techniques in exploring the brand image of ego-sensitive brands, possessing minimal functional differentiation. The paper examines four finest perfume brands. Two metaphor based personification methods-mood-boards and job-sorting are employed to study the association that the participants have with the brands. Both the methods are open ended assignments to decipher how participants think or feel about the research object in question. The study analyses the congruent validity of the two methods and differences in their ability to personify the chosen brands of deu. Both the methods yielded almost similar outcomes, thereby reiterating that the two methods possess congruent validity. The latter part of the paper analyses the brand personality characteristics that were connected to the celebrities and jobs thus connected, as identified in the mood-boards and job-sorting exercise respectively. SWOCC Brand Personality Scale, which is a further elaboration of Aaker's brand personality research, was used to provide a list of the personality characteristics. The study however faces a limitation of the failure of the translation from the projective results into personality scores dimensions. This raises a serious concern if it is at all possible to validly translate overall projective data into analytical scores and if it is so then what would be the ideal procedure to do this.

Function of projective techniques in improving brand personality

2013

The purpose of this paper is to examine four finest perfume brands. Two metaphor based personification methods-mood-boards and job-sorting are employed to study the association that the participants have with the brands. Both methods use open ended assignments to decipher how participants think or feel about the research object in question. The study analyses the congruent validity of the two methods and differences in their ability to personify the chosen brands of deu. Both methods yielded almost similar outcomes, thereby reiterating that the two methods possess congruent validity. The latter part of the paper analyses the brand personality characteristics that were connected to the celebrities and jobs, as identified in the mood-boards and job-sorting exercise respectively. SWOCC Brand Personality Scale, which is a further elaboration of Aaker’s brand personality research, was used to provide a list of the personality characteristics. Key words: Brand personality enhancement, s...

Projective techniques for brand image research : Two personification-based methods explored

Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 2007

Purpose -Since it is hard for consumers to express their feelings and views regarding brand images, market researchers increasingly use projective and enabling techniques to collect rich and meaningful data. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and use of two methods of brand image research based on personification. Both methods were used to investigate the personality of four beer brands. Design/methodology/approach -The first method was based on mood boards: participants were asked to make collages of celebrity photographs representing the beer brands (n ¼ 16). The second method used a job-sorting task: participants were asked to connect jobs with the beer brands (n ¼ 100). The results of both methods were related to a list of brand personality traits.

Brand personality: How to make the metaphor fit?

Journal of Economic Psychology, 2001

The Big Five Model of human personality , J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 59, 1216 reduces the large number of adjectives describing human personalities to only ®ve latent dimensions (the so-called Big Five Factors of Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, and Openness), which provide a consensual framework for classifying and organizing descriptors of human personality. This paper examines 12 mass-market brands to determine to what extent, in a consumer setting, the Big Five can serve as a metaphor to describe enduring characteristics of brands. More than 1500 subjects evaluated their own personalities and those of three brands by using 40 adjectives (8 for each trait) typical of the dimensions of human personality according to the Big Five Factor Model. Results from exploratory factor analyses showed that the ®ve-factor structure is not replicated when describing brands. Rather, at a higher level of abstraction in the hierarchical organization of personality characteristics, results supported a two-trait solution. It was also found that descriptors of human personality convey different meanings when attributed to different brands. (G.V. Caprara). 0167-4870/01/$ -see front matter Ó 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 1 6 7 -4 8 7 0 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 0 3 9 -3 While the psycholexical approach remains a suitable procedure to identify brand descriptors, the factors used to describe human personalities appear to be inappropriate for describing the brands studied here. Ó

On congruence between brand and human personalities

Journal of Product & Brand Management, 2010

The purpose of the current research paper is to uncover the relations between brand and human personality by identifying brand preferences of consumers with different personality types.

On the appropriateness of the assignment of human personality traits to brands

Brand personality models are used in all areas of marketing. However, some authors challenge the applicability of human personality traits to brands at all. This article shows through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses that human personality traits may not be applied to brands in every case. Following the psycho-lexical approach, an a priori "semantic factor analysis" explores the reasons and demonstrates how the personality model could be improved. An accordingly modified model then shows invariance between both measurements for brands and persons. Thus, the assignment was appropriate. Ex post analyses of the factor solutions confirmed the results of the a priori considerations. The demonstrated procedure may help to better understand the problems that have arisen in recent literature examining brand personality and to give researchers proposals to avoid the misspecification of their models in advance.

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