The Islamic movement in North Africa (original) (raw)
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The Advent of Islam in North Africa
International Journal of Afak For Sciences, Algeria, 2022
This research aims at discussing the emergence of Islam in North Africa, specifically eloborating on the factors responsible for the spread of Islam in the continent. A historical overview on the intellectual and social changes that Islam brought into the Continent were discussed. The Study reveals that North Africa is inhabited by 171.4 million people representing approximately 2.4 percent of the world's population and about 10.5 percent of the population of the 53-member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Currently, five countries make up the North African region; namely Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. The Study adopts descriptive and historical methods where the emergence, spread and the position of Islam in North Africa will be showcased, described and conveyed in a simple, clear manner. The Study concludes that with the advent of Islam in North Africa, good characters and sound behaviours were instilled in the area, people became more united, focused and supportive. In addition, more Islamic cities were established in North Africa, such as the city of Kairouan, which became the security base for Muslims. Additionally, Islamic empires were also founded such as Almoravids, the Almohads and the Hafsids. Similarly, a number of Mosques were built in the region which were largely regarded as centers of knowledge, such as the Al-Atiq Mosque in Fustat and the Al-Azhar Mosque both in Egypt, among others .
The End of the Traditional Islamic Movement’s Era
The Islamic Movement (IM) proved that it is a crucial element in the local political equations in many Arab countries such as Egypt, Jordan, Yemen, Syria, Tunisia, Palestine, Iraq and others. It became a cornerstone in the revolutions of the Arab spring where the Muslim Brotherhood specifically arrived in power through fair and legitimate elections in Egypt, Tunisia, and before that in Palestine. Since the election victory of the IM, there has been violence aimed at the IM and their supporters to exclude them from the political scene resulting in turbulence and volatility in the Middle East as a whole. The article tries to examine the life cycle of the IM under the current circumstances and to discuss the need for a holistic renewal in the IM intellectual, strategic, structural, ethical and practical construction to cope with the radical political and societal changes in the region as a result of the Arab Spring. This article suggests five key fundamental changes that must be addressed.
WINDS OF CHANGE The Challenge of Modernity in the Middle East and North Africa Edited by Cyrus Rohani and Behrooz Sabet, ADVANCE INFORMATION 978-0-86356-388-1 Release date: November 7, 2019 (Advance publication: July 2019) Politics/Sociology/Middle East/Islam PB Royal 352 pp £25 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface by Cyrus Rohani, Behrooz Sabet Foreword by Christopher Buck (pp. iii–viii) 1. Toward a discursive framework of change, Behrooz Sabet and Cyrus Rohani 2. Culture for openness and coexistence: How can we create it? Abdul Hamid Al-Ansari 3. Guiding principles of leadership for the 21st Century: An essay on leadership, Cyrus Rohani 4. Confronting Violence through Policies of Dialogue: Towards establishing a ‘citizenship that incorporates religious diversity’ in post-ISIS Era, Saad Salloum 5. Nonviolence and the challenges in the Middle East, Ramin Jahanbegloo 6. Religion of peace: Islamic principles of good governance, Christopher Buck (pp. 87–111) 7. Traditionalist and reformist discourses pertaining to Islamic revival, Armin Eschraghi 8. Defining Islamic social principles: a preamble, Christopher Buck (pp. 125–133) 9. Human rights in the Middle East, Nazila Ghanea 10. Reason in Islam: Taking back their own, Ian Kluge 11. “Be just”: Quranic ethics as benchmarks for Islamic law, Christopher Buck (pp. 168–181) 12. Education in the Middle East, Behrooz Sabet 13. Globalization and the Middle East: Reflections on a conceptual reorientation, Shahrzad Sabet 14. Environment and sustainability in the Middle East, Arthur Lyon Dahl 15. Connecting electronically to the public About the Contributors Behrooz Sabet holds a doctorate from the State University of New York at Buffalo. For more than twenty years, Dr Sabet has been intellectually engaged in research and writing on the intersection of religion, science and culture in the Middle East. He has been a university professor, academic dean and consultant on aspects of education and culture in the Middle East, and has translated and written extensively on religious, ethical, educational, philosophical and social themes. Dr Sabet is a renowned scholar of religion, contemporary political thought and movements in Iran, and the conceptual and historical origins of modernity and its impact on Islam and Middle Eastern societies Cyrus Rohani is an advisor on social and economic development, and a management and education consultant. He studied at the American University of Beirut and later received an MBA from Sacred Heart University, Connecticut, USA. He worked with Shell-Qatar and then with Qatar Petroleum (oil and gas). https://saqibooks.com/?post\_type=product&p=10902 ARABIC EDITION (Slightly different organization and content.) Winds of Change in the Middle East and North Africa: Crisis, Catharsis, and Renewal, ed. Behrooz Sabet and Gamal H. M. Hassan. Arabic translation of English original by Gamal Hassan (رياح التغيير: في الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا). Beirut: Dar al-Saqi, 2018. Pp. 17–24. (Release date: November 1, 2018.) ISBN: 9786140320994. Contributions by the present writer: Christopher Buck, “Introduction.” Arabic translation of English original by Gamal Hassan. Pp. 17–24. Idem, “Chapter 5: Religion of Peace: Islamic Principles of Good Governance.” Arabic translation of English original by Gamal Hassan. Pp. 133–166. Idem, “Chapter 6: Defining Islamic Social Principles: A Preamble.” Arabic translation of English original by Gamal Hassan. Pp. 167–180. Idem, “Chapter 7: ‘Be Just’: Quranic Ethics as Benchmarks for Islamic Law.” Arabic translation of English original by Gamal Hassan. Pp. 181–198.
The Question of Becoming: Islamic Reform Movements in Contemporary Africa
Facilitated by a new (since 1991) political climate, enhancing Muslim opportunities for religious expression, several Islamic reform movements have surfaced in Ethiopia. Under consideration here are the Salafi movement, the Tabligh movement and an Intellectualist revivalist movement, each of which was crucial for the reconfi guration of religious affi liation, and served as a channel in the search for belonging and coherent meaning. Discussing the movements' socio-cultural composition and their particular features, this paper pays attention to how issues of locality interact with translocal ideological currents and aff ect one another. Of particular interest in the Ethiopian case is the explicit avoidance of any political agenda, a distinct intermarriage with a discourse on ethnicity, where the latter has contributed to complex processes of constructing and demarcating religious-and ethnic-based boundaries. Th e paper thus seeks to demonstrate the complex interrelationship between global currents and local factors, all contributing to the heterogenisation of contemporary Islam.
North African Islamism in the Blinding Light of 9-11
2003
LSE "D'une manière générale, l'homme post-almohadien, sous quelque aspect qu'il subsiste-pacha, faux « alem », faux intellectuel ou mendiant-est la donnée essentielle de tous les problèmes du monde musulman depuis le déclin de sa civilisation." Malek Bennabi, Vocation de l'Islam (1954) Today, the Muslim world is passing through a crisis of its history wherein it finds itself faced, at every step, with the same dilemma. The dogmatic attitude is not merely harmful in economic or a hygienic terms; dogmatism itself creates, in general, a hostile attitude towards Islam. Today Algeria is witnessing a sort of struggle between bigotry that pretends to represent Islam and atheism that claims to represent progress.
Dynamics of Islam in the Modern World. Essays in Honor of Jamal Malik
2022
Dynamics of Islam in the Modern World scrutinizes and analyzes Islam in context. It posits Muslims not as independent and autonomous, but as relational and interactive agents of change and continuity who interplay with Islamic(ate) sources of self and society as well as with resources from other traditions. Representing multiple disciplinary approaches, the contributors to this volume discuss a broad range of issues, such as secularization, colonialism, globalization, radicalism, human rights, migration, hermeneutics, mysticism, religious normativity and pluralism, while paying special attention to three geographical settings of South Asia, the Middle East and Euro-America.