Retrospective Evaluation of Aerobic Blood Culture Contamination Rates in a Tertiary Care Hospital in One Year (original) (raw)
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Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 2016
Background: The prognostic value of blood culture testing in the diagnosis of bacteremia is limited by contamination. Objectives: In this multicenter study, the aim was to evaluate the contamination rates of blood cultures as well as the parameters that affect the culture results. Materials and Methods: Sample collection practices and culture data obtained from 16 university/research hospitals were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 214,340 blood samples from 43,254 patients admitted to the centers in 2013 were included in this study. The blood culture results were evaluated based on the three phases of laboratory testing: the pre-analytic, the analytic, and the post-analytic phase. Results: Blood samples were obtained from the patients through either the peripheral venous route (64%) or an intravascular catheter (36%). Povidone-iodine (60%) or alcohol (40%) was applied to disinfect the skin. Of the 16 centers, 62.5% have no dedicated phlebotomy team, 68.7% employed a blood culture system, 86.7% conducted additional studies with pediatric bottles, and 43.7% with anaerobic bottles. One center maintained a blood culture quality control study. The average growth rate in the bottles of blood cultures during the defined period (1259-26,400/year) was 32.3%. Of the growing microorganisms, 67% were causative agents, while 33% were contaminants. The contamination rates of the centers ranged from 1% to 17%. The average growth time for the causative bacteria was 21.4 hours, while it was 36.3 hours for the contaminant bacteria. The most commonly isolated pathogens were Escherichia coli (22.45%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (20.11%). Further, the most frequently identified contaminant bacteria were CoNS (44.04%). Conclusions: The high contamination rates were remarkable in this study. We suggest that the hospitals' staff should be better trained in blood sample collection and processing. Sterile glove usage, alcohol usage for disinfection, the presence of a phlebotomy team, and quality control studies may all contribute to decreasing the contamination rates. Health policy makers should therefore provide the necessary financial support to obtain the required materials and equipment.
Frequency of Blood Culture Isolates and their Antibiogram in a Teaching hospital
JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
Bloodstream infections are associated with significant patient morbidity and mortality. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns should guide the choice of empiric antimicrobial regimens for patients with bacteremia. Blood sample received from the patient attending Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital from March, 2012 - August, 2012 were subjected to culture. Isolate identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by standard microbiological method. Out of the total 2,766 blood samples, 368 (13.3%) showed bacterial growth. The percentage of neonatal septicemia was 368 (13.3%). Staphylococcus aureus (28%) was the most common isolates followed by Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi (22%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (9.5%), Salmonella enterica Serotype Paratyphi ((7.6%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.6%). 26.3% of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were oxacillin resistant. Most of the gram positive organisms were susceptible to amikacin and vancomycin and sh...
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.10\_Issue.8\_Aug2020/IJHSR\_Abstract.03.html, 2020
Introduction: Blood stream infections remain one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and needs urgent treatment with antimicrobial drugs. Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted in 6 months duration in a tertiary care hospital to determine bacteriological profile of blood culture and antibiogram of the isolates. Bacterial identification and their antibiotic sensitivity test were done according to standard microbiological techniques. Result: 345/3324 (10.3%) bacterial growth was detected in blood culture and S. aureus, Salmonella spp. and Acinetobacter spp. were common isolates. AST report showed gram positive bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin and gentamicin; however, none of the gram negative bacteria isolated from blood stream infections were highly sensitive to commonly used antibiotics. Conclusion: Surveillance detection of causative agents of blood stream infections and their antibiogram should be done regularly in the hospital.
G-control Charts for Contamination Rates of Blood Cultures in a University Hospital
Southern Medical Journal, 2021
Objective: To determine blood culture contamination rates, and display with a g-chart. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The medical records of patients, from whom blood cultures were obtained in a university hospital, during January and December, 2019 were retrieved and reviewed for contamination. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria were used to classify the blood culture results. The contamination rates were illustrated with a g-chart. Results: We identified 331 false-positive blood cultures, among 32,961 cultured specimens; yielding a contamination rate of 1.0% (95% CI = 0.9% – 1.1%). The highest contamination events occurred in the emergency department (49.2%), pediatric ICU (5.2%) and neonatal ICU (4.8%), respectively. The most common contaminated commensal bacterial genus were coagulase -negative Staphylococci (67.1%), Bacillus spp. (10.2%) and Corynebacterium spp. (7.6%). The g-charts could identify 14 abnormal variat...
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science
Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine whether the flora bacteria growing in blood cultures were infectious agents or only contaminants, for this purpose the hemogram parameters and other demographic characteristics of the patients were evaluated. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 11.579 blood culture results using the BacT/ALERT® microbial detection system. The skin flora bacteria was detected in the blood cultures during one year and the rates of infectious agents among these bacteria were investigated retrospectively. The blood culture results, which were accepted as true bacteremia and contamination were compared in terms of positive blood culture flask count and inflammation markers (white blood cell count, neutrophil ratio, lymphocyte ratio and C-reactive protein levels). Results: The total number of blood culture test was 11.579. Out of this number, 8205 (70.87%) was free of microbial growth and there was 3374 (29.13%) with microbial growth. 2609 (77.3%) of the...
The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2016
Interpretation of blood culture isolates is challenging due to a lack of standard methodologies for identifying contaminants. This problem becomes more complex when the specimens are from sick young infants, as a wide range of bacteria can cause illness among this group. We used 43 key words to find articles published between 1970 and 2011 on blood culture isolates and possible contaminants in the PubMed database. Experts were also consulted to obtain other relevant articles. Selection of articles followed systematic methods considering opinions from more than 1 reviewer. After reviewing the titles of 3869 articles extracted from the database, we found 307 relevant to our objective. Based on the abstracts, 42 articles were selected for the literature review. In addition, we included 7 more articles based on cross-references and expert advice. The most common methods for differentiating blood culture isolates were multiple blood cultures from the same subject, antibiograms and molecu...
Survey of blood cultures from five community hospitals in south-western Sydney, Australia, 1993-1994
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 2000
Blood culture results have profound implications for patients. Comprehensive overviews of blood cultures have been uncommon, and focused on tertiary referral hospitals. To present a review of blood culture results from a laboratory servicing community hospitals in Sydney, Australia. Retrospective chart review of patients with positive blood cultures from 1 June 1993 to 31 May 1994. During the survey period there were 107,382 hospital admissions; 12,109 blood culture sets from 9292 patients were processed. Of these 1197 sets were positive, representing 974 febrile episodes in 923 patients. There were 476 episodes of contamination. Of the episodes of true bacteraemia, Escherichia coli was isolated in 139, Staphylococcus aureus in 91 (22 methicillin-resistant), other enterobacteriaceae in 60, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in 5 1. The diagnoses attributable to bacteraemia included intravenous catheter-related sepsis (122 episodes), urinary tract infection (88), bacteraemia from unknown source (79), intra-abdominal and biliary sepsis (91), pneumonia (35), and meningitis (21). Sixty-eight patients died directly due to bacteraemia. Multivariate analysis showed underlying disease (OR 3.97) or shock (OR 28.1) predicted death. Blood cultures confirmed clinical diagnoses in 258 episodes, but made a de novo diagnosis in 205 episodes. This study describes the clinical and laboratory features of bacteraemias occurring in smaller public hospitals, as distinct from tertiary referral centres. It demonstrated that intravenous catheter-related sepsis was very common in smaller hospitals. The clinical diagnosis was frequently confirmed, and a de novo diagnosis was often established by a positive blood culture. Unfortunately nearly half the positive blood cultures represented contamination.
Microorganisms isolated from blood cultures in pediatrics clinic
Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Biochemical Technology, 2020
Blood culture is an important diagnostic method used to isolate microorganisms that cause bacteremia and is an important in terms of guiding the treatment [4,5]. Nosocomial infections agents, especially sepsis agents, vary from country to country, from hospital to hospital, depending on the country's development status, antibiotic use strategies, and general condition and characteristics of patients. Even in different hospital units, different microorganisms can cause infections. Determining the diversity of microorganisms growing in blood cultures and determining antibiotic susceptibilities are important to precautions effective infection Long-term hospitalizations for the treatment of chronic diseases, especially cancer, etc., increase the risk of infection in all patients, especially in immune-compromised patients and patients with poor general status. Nosocomial infections are more common due to the administration of broadspectrum antibiotics to patients, life support through invasive procedures, and longer hospital stay [1,2]. Blood and circulatory system infections are the most important infections affecting morbidity and mortality.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2003
The aims of this prospective study were to: (1) determine the rate of blood culture contamination; (2) describe and compare the epidemiologic, clinical and microbiological characteristics of hospital-and community-acquired bloodstream infections; and (3) determine the mortality resulting from bloodstream infections. The rate of true bacteremia was 12.1%, and 10.7% of cultures were contaminated. Of the 567 episodes of bloodstream infection, 73.4% were hospital-acquired, and 26.6% were communityacquired. The most commonly isolated microorganisms were staphylococci (44%, methicillin resistant 69.4%), enterococci (15%) and Escherichia coli (12.5%) in hospital-acquired episodes, and Brucella spp. (21.9%), E. coli (19.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (14.6%, methicillin resistant 9.1%) in community-acquired episodes. While the overall mortality rate was 25.4%, death attributable to bloodstream infections was 16.6% in hospitalacquired episodes and 13.9% in community-acquired episodes. The highest mortality occurred in patients with bacteremia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (37.5%) in hospitalacquired episodes, and in patients with bacteremia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae (50%) in community-acquired episodes. Underlying diseases, severity of illness, presence of bladder catheter, previous use of antibiotics, tracheal intubation and adequacy of treatment were found to be signi®cantly associated with death.