The effect of feeding two prey organisms, nauplii of Artemia and rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis (Muller), upon survival and growth of larval marine shrimp, Penaeus semisulcatus (de Haan) (original) (raw)
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Revista MVZ Córdoba, 2023
Objetive. The effect of traditional diets (Thalassiosira weissflogii and Artemia nauplii) and two other alternatives (not traditional) based on microalgae with rotifers were evaluated on the survival, development and growth from nauplii V (NV) larvae until postlarvae (PL1) of Penaeus vannamei. Materials and methods. Sixteen replicates (experimental units) were applied for each of the three diets used. The larvae were placed in 12 L containers at 35 psu, 30°C and a density of 200larvae/L. At the beginning, every 24 h and the end of the experiment (PL1: day 8), samples of larvae were obtained to determine survival, development and growth (length and weight). A one-way ANOVA was applied to the data obtained. Results. Diet had no influence (p>0.05) on survival and weight. Survival ranged from 30.4% (alternative diet B) to 28.5% (traditional diet A). The lowest development, length and weight at PL1 was found with the traditional diet (6.71; 3.53 mm; 58.37 µg/organism) compared with the alternative diets supplied B and C (6.86-6.76; 3.79-3.82 mm; 60.7-65.0 µg/ organism. Conclusions. Non-traditional alternative diet (B and C) composed of rotifers was the best diet for larval survival, development and growth.
Journal of the World Mariculture Society, 2009
Texas A g r i c u l t u r a l Experiment S t a t i o n Department o f Animal Science Texas A&M U n i v e r s i t y System P.O. D r a w e r Q P o r t Aransas, TX 78373 ABSTRACT Experiments conducted w i t h Penaeus a z t e c u s , P . s e t i f e r u s and P . vannamei compared s u r v i v a l , metamorphosis and d r y weight growth of l a r v a e fed a v a r i e t y o f a l g a l and animal food regimes. were: (a) comparison o
Aquaculture, 2006
Since live feeds are costly and variable in nutrition, early weaning onto artificial microdiet is advantageous. Thus, we tested a new commercial microdiet using several rearing protocols aimed at reducing live feed inputs. Barramundi Lates calcarifer (BLOCH) larvae were reared from 2 days post hatch (dph) to 28 dph and their survival, growth and stress tolerance were examined. Six protocols with 4 replicates were set combining different protocols that progressively excluded live feeds (rotifers and Artemia). Rearing protocols using no rotifers (protocol-G) and feeding rotifers for 3 (G3), 7 (G7) and 12 (G12) days were conducted with a 3 day weaning period onto Gemma Micro (Skretting) microdiet followed by feeding microdiet solely. According to a common rearing protocol, 2 protocols received rotifers for 12 days, Artemia for 9 days and either Proton (INVE) as control (P12A) or Gemma Micro (G12A) co-fed from 6 dph. Protocols G12 and G12A were reared until 36 dph in order to compare growth post weaning.
Revista cubana de investigaciones pesqueras
The crustaceans larviculture has been based on live food although the production ofthis food is expensive, it requires toward the search of live foods substitutes, artificial diets, microparticulate or microencapsulated are used. The present study was designed to examine the substitution, at least partial, of Artemia nauplii for artificial food in the Litopenaeus schmitti larviculture. An artificial food was elaborated using as additive Spirulina me al, and the zoothecnical indexes were evaluated: Growth, development index and survival. The chemical score to evaluate the protein quality ofthe foods is used. In the shrimp Hatchery YAGUACAM, Cienfuegos, Cuba, a randomized design was developed, with five treatments and three replicates, where they were substituted total and partially the rates of Artemia nauplii for the dry food. When concluding this study applied different statistical tests that allowed to end up concluding that: The survival was not affected when substituting 100% of...
Aquaculture, 2005
Replacement of live feeds with alternate food sources is of major importance in commercial shrimp hatcheries. In this study, partial and complete replacement of live microalgae and Artemia nauplii with microalgae pastes and inert feeds is reported in the larval rearing of the brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus. Five different experimental feeds were used for each live food replacement study. Partial replacement of live microalgae using Chaetoceros 1000 bPremium FreshQ Instant Algaek paste and Liqualifek liquid larval feed showed survival rates similar to a control feed, however, postlarvae mean dry weight and length were significantly less than the control. Use of other replacement feeds, Epifeedk liquid larval feed, Zeiglerk E-Z Larvae liquid feed, and Zeiglerk Z-Plus feed, yielded inferior results compared to the control feed. Statistical analysis of results from the live Artemia nauplii replacement study indicated that larval shrimp fed a control feed had significantly greater survival, mean PL length, and mean PL dry weight. The only exception was the partial replacement of Artemia nauplii using Liqualifek in which there was no significant difference in survival between the control and this treatment. Results indicated that although Liqualifek, Epifeedk, Zeiglerk E-Z Larvae, Zeiglerk Z-Plus and Zeiglerk E-Z Artemia feeds could serve as partial replacement of newly hatched Artemia nauplii in production of F. aztecus postlarvae. Significantly improved results can be expected when larvae are fed newly hatched Artemia nauplii (control diet) with no supplement.
Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 2015
Shrimp farming is one of the most important aquaculture and economically lucrative practices of maritime countries. Providing a Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) shrimps to the farmers is a big challenge that must be addressed to meet the demand. In general, microalgae are utilized in aquaculture as a live feed for the shrimps. However, their importance in the attenuation of negative impacts of pathogenic microbial load, eutrophication and promotion of shrimps growth has to be delineated by experimental investigations to justify the above specific pathogen free shrimps. The present study was carried out to investigate the feeding of five different microalgae and algae enriched Artemia salina. Nauplii on digestive enzyme activity, growth, survival rate, microbial load on Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei from zoea to post larvae (20 stages) and other water quality. Microalgae such as Isochrysis galbana, Cheatoceros calcitrans, Tetraselmis sp., Chlorella sp. and Nannochloropsis sp. were obtained from AMET Microbial Culture Collection Centre, Department of Marine Biotechnology, AMET University. Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei at PL 20 stage showed maximum protease and amylase (digestive enzyme) activity, maximum length and survival rate when fed with Artemia salina nauplii enriched with C. calcitrans followed by Chlorella sp. On studying the water quality parameters such as, pH, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and ammonia it was found better in tank II where the shrimps were fed with Artemia salina enriched with C. calcitrans. Regarding the vibrio load at different stages of P. monodon and L. vannamei larvae and cultured water it was comparatively lower in tank II, where the shrimps were fed with Cheatoceros calcitrans and enriched Artemia salina than other groups. It is concluded that, the use of Cheatoceros calcitrans and enriched Artemia salina will reduce the potential negative impacts in the environment and promote production of shrimp larvae in hatcheries and fetch benefits to local economies.
Survival and Growth of Crangon nigricauda Larvae (Decapoda, Caridea) Raised on Experimental Diets
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 1987
Newly hatched Crangon zoeae from different maternal shrimp were raised separately using an Imhoff cone larval-rearing system. Experimental diets were Chuetoceros gracile, live Artemin nauplii, lyophilized Arremia nauplii particles, calcium alginate microencapsulated (CAM) Arremia nauplii, lyophilized Daphnia magna and CAM Daphnia magna. A dependable "atomizer" design for lab oratory preparation of CAM diets was developed. Initially, survival rates of zoeae fed either Chuetoceros or live Arremia nauplii were evaluated in order to establish a suitable control diet for subsequent growth experiments, and the interbrood and intrabrood components of zoed survival variation were analyzed. Crangon zoeae ate every type of food offered to them, but only Chueroceros-fed zoeae survived to metamorphosis. Zoeal survival rates were extremely variable. Interbrood variation was greater than intrabrood variation, but the difference was not statistically significant. Zoeae from smaller maternal shrimp were generally more active and had greater survival rates than zoeae from larger, presumably older and senescent shrimp. Zoeae that were fed Chuetoceros supplemented with CAM Arremia nauplii had significantly greater (P < 0.001) growth rates than siblings fed only Chuetoceros. Suspension feeding on Chuefoceros was probably more efficient than raptorial feeding on Artemia nauplii, resulting in greater survival rates. Supplementing a successful microalgal diet with CAM Artemia nauplii allowed greater use of zoeal feeding mechanisms, added an animal nutrient source to the diet, and affected growth rates by increasing the molt increment and decreasing the intermolt period.
Replacement of Artemia spp. with zooplankton in Penaeus vannamei larviculture
Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 2020
Supplying healthy and cost-effective postlarvae is critical to the success of the shrimp industry. Given the cost of Artemia in larvae culture, there is considerable interest in using alternative live feeds such as copepods. This study's objective was to evaluate five diets with different proportions of Artemia and copepods offered to Penaeus vannamei larvae. Biological factors such as growth, survival to postlarvae, and final weights were evaluated in conjunction with economic factors. The diets offered were: 1) 100% Artemia 2) 75% Artemia and 25% copepods 3) 50% Artemia and 50% copepods 4) 25% Artemia and 75% copepods and 5) 100% copepods. Concerning the biological response, there were no significant differences observed between the five treatments. The economic evaluation was based on a partial budget. It was concluded that there were no significant differences in survival or yields. However, the data collected in this experiment concluded that the treatment with 100% Artemia...
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 1992
Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas f e l o n Dicryospbaerzum chlorelloides were investigated in batch and semicontinuous culture systems. The mean daily roduction was 57.4 and 34.2 mg of rotifers I-'&' (wet weight) respectively and were highly depen&nt o n initial algal cell density. The rotifer fed on algae contained high amounts of linoleic acid (18 : 2n-6) and amino acids such as arginine. The suitability of rotifers for gud eon Gobio gobzo L. and perch Percafluviatilis L. larvae during their early feeding stage was investigatei. After a 10-day experiment, larvae fed with rotifers grew significantly faster than those fed on micro-encapsulated dry food. The best food conversion and protein efficiency ratio were observed with the larvae fed with rotifers. Combining rotifers with micro-encapsulated dry food better improved growth rate and food utilization in perch than did the dry food alone.
Developing Artemia Enriched Herbal Diet for Producing Quality Larvae in Penaeus monodon, Fabricius
Post larvae (PL1-30) of Penaeus monodon were fed five different herbal medicinal diets namely MD1, MD2, MD3, MD4 and MD5, prepared using Hygrophila spinosa, Withania somnifera, Zingiber officinalis, Solanum trilobatum, Andrographis paniculata, Psoralea corylifolia and cod-liver oil. Artemia franciscana nauplii and pre-adults were enriched with the above five diets and fed to the larvae of P. monodon. Survival, bioenergetics and specific growth rate were studied. To evaluate the quality of post larvae, they were subjected to salinity (0 and 50‰), pH (6 and 10) and formalin stress (80 and 160 ppm) shocks. Post larvae fed the herbal medicine enriched Artemia survived to a maximum of 95% in the MD1 group whereas the unenriched Artemia fed group showed only 89% survival. The unenriched Artemia fed group consumed 103.78±0.93 mg·animal·30 days food whereas the herbal medicinal diets helped to increase the food consumption significantly (P<0.05) and the MD1 enriched groups consumed the maximum (121.68±1.84 mg·animal·30 days) food. A similar pattern was also noticed in absorption, production and metabolism. The average absorption efficiency (86.17%) was not significant (P>0.05). The unenriched Artemia fed post larvae had a conversion efficiency of 17.47±0.21% whereas in the herbal medicinal diets enriched Artemia fed groups, efficiency increased significantly (P<0.05) to a maximum of 20.29± 0.23% in the MD1 fed group. The same pattern was also observed in net production efficiency. Specific growth rate also increased from that of the unenriched group. Among the five different herbal medicinal diets enriched Artemia and unenriched Artemia fed groups, when subjected to stress test, the MD1 group exhibited the highest resistance followed by MD3, MD5, MD4 and MD2 enriched Artemia fed groups.