Rethinking an assessment of nicotine dependence: a sex, gender and diversity analysis of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (original) (raw)

Rethinking nicotine dependence assessment reveals that existing instruments, like the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), often overlook the influences of sex and gender. Despite their validation in various populations, these tools lack sensitivity to the diverse experiences and biological differences among users. The study emphasizes the need for sex and gender analyses in tobacco research to improve the accuracy and applicability of nicotine dependence assessments, advocating for the development of tailored assessment instruments.