Incidence of malaria and salmonellosis co-infection in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, North-West Nigeria (original) (raw)
2018, Clinical Sciences Research and Reports
Malaria and enteric fever infection co-exists in tropical region of the biosphere due to prevailing climatic conditions and poor hygiene practice. This work is aimed at determining the incidence of malaria-typhoid co-infection among patients in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Patients' bio-data were obtained through structured questionnaire and diagnosis was done using venous blood sample obtained from the participants. Blood smear was used for analysis of malaria parasites while widal test and blood culture was used for the analysis of enteric fever. The temperature of the respondents was ≥ 38°c. Of the 216 patients enrolled for the study (141 females and 75 males), 49 (22.7%) had malaria and typhoid fever co-infection using Widal test, and none (0.0%) was positive for typhoid fever using blood culture. The prevalence of Malaria-typhoid co-infection was highest among those in the age group ˃ 60 years (66.7%), those into tertiary education (30%), the Yoruba ethnic group (25%), those in the weight group 41-50 (40%), the employed (24%) and those who are married (30%). A substantial association exist in the malaria-typhoid fever co-infection between the age groups at (x 2 = 3.06, p ˃ 0.05). There was a statistical relationship between malaria and typhoid fever at (r = 0.967, p ˃ 0.05). Therefore, blood culture should be adopted as a decisive diagnosis for typhoid fever in order to remarkably reduce the assumingly high prevalence of typhoid and its co-infection with malaria and to avoid the indiscriminate use of antibiotics without laboratory confirmation.
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