Using Deficit Irrigation Strategies and Organic Mulches for Improving Yield and Water Productivity of Mango under Dry Environment Conditions (original) (raw)
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International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2020
An investigation was carried out on sandy loam soils of semi arid regions of southern Telangana to analyze the potential of drip irrigation along with mulch on mango fruit yield, water and nutrient use efficiency. The treatments of present study were comprised of two levels mulching (M0-without mulch and M1-with mulching), with silver Polyethylene of 100 micron thickness were used and two levels of irrigation (I1 -75% and I2 100% ETc through drip), here irrigation levels and mulching together constituting four treatment combinations with five replications under 2x2 factorial randomized block design and the treatment combinations are: I1M0-75% ETc + No mulching, I1M1- 75% ETc + with mulch, I2M0- 100% ETc + No mulching and I2M1- 100 % ETc + with mulch. The study revealed that drip irrigation 100% ETc along with silver polythene mulch showed better performance in terms of yield, water use efficiency, nutrient use efficiency as well as economics. Maximum yield of 89.11 kg tree-1 combin...
Irrigation Strategies with Water Deficit in ‘Tommy Atkins’ Mango Tree
Engenharia Agrícola, 2016
With the limited availability of water in semi-arid regions, it is necessary that irrigation is accurate and there is high water use efficiency.This study aimed to evaluate the regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial rootzone drying (PRD) in yield, water use efficiency and gas exchange of 'Tommy Atkins' mango tree in semi-arid conditions. The experimental design was a randomized block with seven treatments for RDI under micro sprinkler and five treatments for the PRD under drip. Treatments were applied in phases PI-early blooming to early fruit expansion, PII-early expansion to early physiologic ripening and in phase III-physiologic ripening of fruits, with application of the RDI of 100, 75 and 50 % of ETc in different combinations of phases and application of PRD 100, 80, 60 and 40 % of ETc in three phases with the partial rootzone druing at 15 days. Photosynthesis, carboxylation efficiency and quantum efficiency of photosynthesis are lower in PRD 40% ETc at 8 a.m. compared to full irrigation and PRD 80 % of ETc. Phases of expansion and fruit ripening are more appropriate for application of RDI with 50 % and 75% of ETc without loss to the crop yield of 'Tommy Atkins' mango tree and greater water use efficiency. The strategy of partial rootzone drying, PRD, every 15 days with 40 % of ETc, provides greater WUE.
Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2015
This study was conducted to evaluate the yield, water use efficiency and physiologic characteristics of "Tommy Atkins" mango under partial rootzone drying. The experiment was carried out in an orchard of mango in the irrigated perimeter of Ceraíma, BA. Five treatments and six repetitions were used with one tree per experimental plot: 01-Full Irrigation, 100% of ETc, 02-100% of ETc with frequency of alternance (FA) of 15 days, 03-80% ETc with FA of 15 days, 04-60% of ETc with FA of 15 days, 05-40% ETc with FA of 15 days. The treatments were conductedfrom the beginning of flowering to the harvest of mango in an orchard irrigated by drip. There was no significant reduction in productivity of "Tommy Atkins" mango under PRD up to 40% of ETc and PRD with 40% ETc resulted in greater water use efficiency. There was no significant difference among the averages of photosynthetically active radiation, Qleaf; leaf temperature, Tl; internal CO2 concentration, Ci; transpiration, E; stomatal conductance, gs; photosynthesis, A; carboxylation efficiency, A/Ci; quantum efficiency of photosynthesis, A/Qleaf and instantaneous water use efficiency, A/E between full irrigation and PRD with different water depth. The increase in leaf temperature causes reduction in A/Qleaf and A/E, however, it increases the transpiration. Increased gs results in higher rates of E, A and A/Ci. The use of the PRD with 40% of ETc causes no interference in gas exchange, maintains the yield and increases water use efficiency in "Tommy Atkins" mango tree.
Irrigation Deficit Strategies on Physiological and Productive Parameters of 'Tommy Atkins' Mango
Revista Caatinga, 2016
ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to evaluate the gas exchange, leaf temperature, yield and water use efficiency in 'Tommy Atkins' mango under irrigation deficit strategies. The experimental design was randomized block, with seven treatments with regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) under micro-spray and five treatments with partial root-zone drying (PRD) under drip irrigation. The treatments on RDI consisted of application of 100, 75 and 50% of ETc at the stages S1 (beginning of flowering to fruit set) S2 (fruit development) and S3 (fruit physiological maturation). The treatments on PRD consisted of application of 100, 80, 60 and 40% of ETc, in the same three stages, alternating the irrigation side every 15 days. The regulated deficit irrigation causes less negative interference in gas exchange than the partial root-zone drying, and the climate factors affect the gas exchange and leaf temperature of 'Tommy Atkins' mango more than the regulated deficit irrigatio...
Effect of Different Levels of Irrigation on Plant Growth and Yield of Mango cv. Langra
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology
Artificial application of water to the effective root zone of crops on the appropriate time gives significant results on plant growth and fruit yield in mango. In order to understand the effects of soil moisture content in mango, trial was conducted under the experimental area of BAU, Sabour, Bhagalpur during 2020-21 using five treatments i.e. T1-[Control], T2-[Water requirement at 25% of EP], T3-[Water requirement at 50% of EP], T4-[Water requirement at 75% of EP], T5-[Water requirement at 100% of EP] in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Treatment T4-[Water requirement at 75% of EP]significantly performed better in respect of increase in plant height of 0.24 m, number of 695.00 fruits per plant and yield of 193.23 kg per plant ( 19.32 t/ha). The maximum increase in plant spread such as East-West and North-South direction were 0.25m and 0.23m, respectively, and the maximum canopy volume of 1195.99 m3 was recorded in treatment T5-[Water requirement at ...
Can Sustained Deficit Irrigation Save Water and Meet the Quality Characteristics of Mango?
Agriculture
Mango is one of the most cultivated tropical fruits worldwide and one of few drought-tolerant plants. Thus, in this study the effect of a sustained deficit irrigation (SDI) strategy on mango yield and quality was assessed with the aim of reducing irrigation water in mango crop. A randomized block design with four treatments was developed: (i) full irrigation (FI), assuring the crop’s water needs, and three levels of SDI receiving 75%, 50%, and 33% of irrigation water (SDI75, SDI50, and SDI33). Yield, morphology, color, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), organic acids (OA), sugars, minerals, fiber, antioxidant activity (AA), and total phenolic content (TPC) were analyzed. The yield was reduced in SDI conditions (8%, 11%, and 20% for SDI75, SDI50, and SDI33, respectively), but the irrigation water productivity was higher in all SDI regimes. SDI significantly reduced the mango size, with SDI33 generating the smallest mangoes. Peel color significantly changed after 13 ...
Acta Horticulturae, 2009
Although being one of few drought-tolerant plants of economic importance, mango trees are irrigated to ensure optimum and consistent productivity. Especially during the dry season, when water is becoming scarce, the need for irrigation poses an increasing problem to mango production in Northern Thailand. Therefore water saving irrigation strategies should help to decrease water consumption and hence improve the water shortage situation for local farmers. To investigate possible negative effects of deficit irrigation on yield and fruit growth, 196 ten-year-old 'Chok Anan' mango trees, at an experimental plot near Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand, were assigned to five irrigation regimes commencing two weeks after onset of flowering: a) full irrigation (FI) as calculated based on the climatic water balance according to the Penman-Monteith equation; b) deficit irrigation (DI) with 75% of FI (DI75); c) deficit irrigation with 50% of FI (DI50); d) partial root zone drying (PRD) with 50% of FI; and e) no irrigation. PRD is a novel irrigation technique presumably based on the induction of hormonal changes by targeted withdrawal of water to part of the root system, resulting in reduced stomatal aperture, decreased water consumption and reduced vegetative growth. Soil moisture was measured in three depths (10, 30, 50 cm) by Time Domain Reflectrometry (TDR). Stomatal closure was determined by use of a portable porometer. The yield was quantified gravimetrically per tree and classified into weight classes according to recommendation of the Thai Ministry of Agriculture. Fruit growth was monitored six weeks prior to harvest by measuring length and maximum width of the fruit. After two years of experiment the results showed a potential to increase water-use efficiency (WUE) of mango by deficit irrigation. Only in one year yield in PRD-irrigated trees was significantly lower than in FI trees. Especially in the second year there was no significant difference between DI50 and PRD. DI75 had the greatest yield, however not significantly higher than FI. Differences in yield were mainly attributed to the number of fruits per tree. In addition some positive influence of deficit irrigation, i.e. DI50 and PRD, on fruit growth could be monitored. As a conclusion it can be assumed, that the crop coefficient (K c) for mango, which is commonly used to calculate potential crop evapotranspiration (ET c) based on the potential reference evapotranspiration (ET 0), overestimates the water requirement for optimum yield.
Fruits, 2011
Impact of sustained-deficit irrigation on tree growth, mineral nutrition, fruit yield and quality of mango in Spain. Abstract-Introduction. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a crop of major economic importance in the provinces of Malaga and Granada (SE Spain). A field experiment on mango trees was designed to determine the optimum irrigation scheduling over three seasons. The aim was to evaluate the impact of sustained-deficit irrigation (SDI) strategies on fruit yield and quality, tree growth, and mineral status under a Mediterranean subtropical climate. Materials and methods. Three sustained-deficit irrigation treatments were applied to mango trees: SDI-1 (33% ETc), SDI-2 (50% ETc) and SDI-3 (75% ETc). The stress treatments were compared with a control (C-100) irrigated at 100% ET C. The response of fruit yield, number of fruits, fruit size and quality, and macro-and micronutrients in leaves was determined. Results. The SDI-2 treatment proved to be the most appropriate SDI treatment, since it allowed the trees to reach the highest yield (18.4 t•ha-1) and the best water-use efficiency (7.14 kg•m-3). However, fruit size was higher for trees of the SDI-3 and C-100 treatments, since they reached significantly higher length and width. The total soluble solids were affected by the SDI treatments only for one year, being highest in fruits from trees of the SDI-1 and SDI-2 treatments. Macro-and micronutrients in the leaves were affected by the SDI treatment only for the P, Mg and Mn contents. Conclusion. The SDI treatment providing 50% of ET C is recommended for mango orchards in order to attain the highest yields and the best water-use efficiency under a Mediterranean subtropical climate.