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Abstract

RAND Issue Papers explore topics of interest to the policymaking community. Although issue papers are formally reviewed, authors have substantial latitude to express provocative views without doing full justice to other perspectives. The views and conclusions expressed in issue papers are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of RAND or its research sponsors. The research described in this issue paper was conducted by RAND’s Science and Technology Policy Institute, under Contract ENG-9812731. RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. Results of specific studies are documented in other RAND publications and in professional journal articles and books. Abstracts of all RAND documents may be viewed at www.rand.org. RAND ® is a registered trademark. Cover photo courtesy of The Boeing Company © Copyright 2002 RAND

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