Factors associated with knowledge and practice about foot care among patients admitted with diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care teaching hospital, south India (original) (raw)
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Global burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing every day. In India diabetes mellitus has become an epidemic with more than 67 million diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with the disease. Patients are losing their savings because of the complications of diabetes like ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic foot ulcer. Among these, foot ulcer being a complication is also a social stigma. At any given moment, between 4-10% of diabetics have a foot ulcer. In 3-5% of cases, ulcer leads to amputation. Hence resulting in lifelong disability and dependency.
2019
Diabetes, a global escalating public health problem, primarily because of the increasing prevalence. Both macro vascular and micro vascular complications cause significant morbidity and mortality among diabetic subjects. Lower limb amputations in patients with diabetes are preceded by a foot ulcer, there are no studies in the literature which assess the current level of awareness of diabetic foot care in diabetic patients. Hence, the present community based study is conducted with the objective of assessing the knowledge and practice of foot care among patients with type II diabetes mellitus attending urban health centres. This community based cross-sectional study was done among 270 people more than 25 years of age with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The study period was between October to November 2017 residing in an slum under urban field practice area administrated by Medical College in north Karnataka, using predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Statistical analysis was d...
The Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020
Introduction: The prevalence of diabetic foot in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients has increased enormously. Diabetic foot disease (DFD) is one of the debilitating complications caused by DM and is the leading cause of non-traumatic lower limb amputation. The majority of diabetic patients are not properly educated about foot disease and foot care. In this study, we tried to assess the awareness about foot-related problems among patients with DM visiting tertiary healthcare centers. We also assessed the practice of foot care among patients with diabetes. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with DM attending tertiary healthcare centers after Ethical committee approval. The study was conducted in outpatient departments of endocrinology at tertiary care hospitals, in Bengaluru, using a predefined questionnaire. The results were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: One hundred and twenty-three patients with DM were recruited and given the questionnaire. The mean age of patients was 52.57 ± 12.45 years and the mean duration of diabetes was 11.7 ± 8.63 years. There were 40 male patients (32.5%) and 83 female patients (67.5%). Ninety people were from the urban (73.17%) and the remaining 33 people were from the rural area (26.83%). Out of 123, only 102 patients (82.5%) were aware that diabetes causes foot problems. Though most of them (72.5%) knew that uncontrolled diabetes can cause wound/ ulcer, and 33% were aware that uncontrolled diabetes can lead to gangrene. Only 15% of patients were aware that DFD can lead to lower limb amputation. Forty-six patients (37.5%) were aware that smoking increases the incidence of DFD and 58 (47.5%) know that previous foot disease can increase the risk of foot problems in the future. Forty-three patients (35%) were aware that the presence of foot problems increases the risk of heart disease in diabetic patients. Eighty-six subjects (70%) were aware that there is specially customized footwear available for diabetic patients. One hundred and ten subjects (89.4%) were aware that good glycemic control from the beginning helps prevent diabetes-related foot problems. Only 49 subjects (39.8%) were taking care of their feet, of which only 18 patients examined and took care of the feet daily. About 120 people in the study used footwear outdoor (97.5%) and only 23 people (18.6%) used footwear both outside and inside the house. Three people in the study did not use footwear even outside the house. Conclusion: It is vital to educate the patients about foot disease and foot care as a part of diabetes management. By improving awareness, we can decrease the occurrences of foot disease, improve the quality of life, and promote the overall health of a diabetic individual.
IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd, 2017
Introduction: Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer in the southern part of India is higher compared to eastern, northern and western India. Objectives: To assess the knowledge and practices of foot care among patients attended diabetic clinic of a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out from 01.05.2016 to 28.05.2016 among275 patients attending the Diabetic OPD using a pre designed structured pre tested schedule. Data Analysis: Epi-info version 6 and SPSS Version 16.0. Results: About 71.27% & 40% had good knowledge & practice respectively; 62.91% checked their feet daily; 42.91% inspect their footwear regularly; 90.81% used footwear outdoors; 6.91% used footwear indoor; washing & drying of feet was present in 78.91% & 18.90% respectively; healthy nail trimming was found in 61.81% of the patients. Gender, residence, education, occupation, income, family history of diabetes, duration, regular use of medication was found to be associated with both knowledge & practice. Conclusions: Patient education on prevention of foot ulceration should be incorporated into the routine care of diabetic patients both in the hospital and in the community.
Erciyes Medical Journal, 2017
Objective: To determine whether diabetic patients have adequate information regarding foot care. Materials and Methods: We evaluated history of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and data on self-foot care practices collected through face-to-face interviews from 64 diabetic inpatients in a university hospital. Foot care practices were scored based on 20 questions. Questions under the categories of "beware of risky behavior," "foot and nail care," and "elaborate on footwear" were grouped, and the practice subscores and total scores were calculated. A total score of >70% was assessed as "good practice", 50%-70% as "satisfactory practice," and <50% as "poor practice." Results: Fourteen (21.9%) patients had previous or ongoing DFU and five (7.8%) had undergone amputation. Only 44% of the patients stated that they had been informed about the prevention of diabetic foot after the diagnosis was established. This group differed from the uninformed group significantly in terms of regular medical control (p=0.006). The average foot care practice score was 72 for the informed group and 49 for the uninformed group; the percentage of "good practice" score was 46% in the informed group and 11% in the uninformed group. The percentages of having good practice score were found to be significantly high in women, those without DFU, and those informed about foot care (p<0.01). Conclusion: Foot care practices of the patients were found to be mainly inadequate. Health care providers and diabetic patients should be encouraged for good foot care practices.
IOSR Journals , 2019
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a disease known for its multifaceted complications and foot ulceration, which often results in lower extremity amputations which is one of the most common complications associated with the disease. The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers among outpatient and inpatient diabetics in a rural Indian study was found to be 10.4%. Materials and Methods: Present study was hospital based cross-sectional study, conducted in the OPD of Medicine department of a tertiary care centre situated in M.G.M Medical College, Jamshedpur, India. Total 123 patients of diabetic foot who had attended OPD of department of surgery from January 2018 to December 2018 were selected for present study by purposive non probability sampling method. Informed written consent was taken from the participants for the interview. Data was collected by pre formed and pretested self administered questionnaire to assess the patient's level of knowledge and practice of foot care measures. Results: Present study was hospital based cross sectional study in which 123 participants were enrolled. Out of 123 patients, 66 (54%) patients belonged to the age group 51-70 years, 31 (32.52%) patients were from the age group 31-50 years and 16 (13%) patients were 71 years and above age group. Among them, 89 (72.35%) patients were male and 34 (27.64%) patients were female. Total 55 (53.4 %) participants had diabetes for more than 10 years, 27 (26.2%) patients had diabetes for 5-10 years and 21 (20.4%) were suffering from DM for less than 5 years duration. 74 (71.8%) participants had diabetic foot problem first time, while rest of the 29 (28.2%) participants had diabetic foot problem second or more time. Conclusion: Present study infers, overall, there prevails poor knowledge and poor practice of diabetic foot care among the patients of diabetic foot. Which can be explained as a major culprit for the progression of diabetic foot to DFU and lately it may end with amputation of the limb. It can be stressed at this point that, by giving proper education, we can improve the knowledge and practice of the patients for the care of their feet and thereby improve the prognosis of the diabetic foot. This may reduce the morbidity and loss of limb in diabetic patients and that in its turn can save our resources.
Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 2017
Background: Diabetes Mellitus results in several serious complications and among them foot problem is one of the commonly ignored complications. This study is an attempt to find out the level of patient's awareness and practice in Nepalese context. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge and practice of foot care among patients with diabetes in Nepal. Methods: This is a six-month long cross-sectional study done in the General Practice Clinic of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Diabetic patients were given structure questionnaires on knowledge, foot care practices, and demographic information. Results: Illiteracy was found be significantly associated with poor knowledge and practice of foot care. Those who have no education are more likely to have poor knowledge and foot care practice. The odds of having poor knowledge is 6.414 (3.075, 13.379) in those who have no education/primary education compared to those who have education and the odds of poor foot care practice is 4.5180 (2.077, 8.411) in those who have no education/primary education compared to those who have education with significance of <0.001. Conclusion: This study has highlighted the need of appropriate education intervention for the patients with diabetes who have no education background to prevent from foot complications. Health education materials such as graphics, photos are needed to make them comprehensible for the illiterate patients.
Educating patients of diabetes mellitus for diabetic foot care
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2020
Background and Purpose: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic. Among the spectrum of diabetic complications, diabetic foot is a leading cause of morbidity and hence awareness and education regarding primary healthcare inclusive of self-care pertaining to diabetic foot care is of paramount importance. Aim: The aim of the study was to educate patients of DM regarding the disease and its associated complications, specifically pertaining to diabetic foot care. Methodology: The study was carried out in three phases, first was to assess the diabetic patients related to their awareness on disease complications and diabetic foot care, through pretest questionnaire, the second phase was to sensitize patients and educate them on the same, the third phase was to re assess the knowledge gained by the patients through posttest assessment. Results: The study evaluated the absolute and relative learning gain regarding the awareness and knowledge of foot care among diabetic individuals. The absolute learning gain was 40.92% and the relative learning gain was 76.48% and normalized learning gain was 0. 88, the normalized gain was assessed to be high. Conclusion: The study concluded that training and sensitizing individuals with diabetes will definitely help reduce morbidity of diabetic foot and hence the medical and paramedical staff need to spread awareness regards the same.
International Journal of Nursing Information, 2022
The most common complication in people with diabetes mellitus is diabetic foot problems. Efforts to prevent diabetic foot problems can be prevented with proper foot care. Checking the foot every day, whether there are wounds or bleeding, cleaning the foot every day, cutting nails, using comfortable shoes or slippers, and immediately contacting a doctor if the foot is injured. The purpose of this study identified the relationship between knowledge about diabetic foot care and the ability to care for the feet in people with diabetes mellitus. This study used a type of correlation research with a cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were people with diabetes mellitus, who totaled 26 respondents. Data collection using questionnaires that are distributed to respondents. Univariate data analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate using chi-square. The result shows a relationship between knowledge about diabetic foot care and the ability to care for feet in people with diabetes mellitus. This research contributes to providing knowledge to people with diabetes mellitus. This knowledge contributes to motivating foot care activities to prevent diabetic foot injuries.
Knowledge and Practice of Diabetic Foot Care in an In- Patient Setting at a Tertiary Medical Center
Malaysian orthopaedic journal, 2014
Good knowledge and practice regarding diabetic foot care will reduce the risk of diabetic foot complications and ultimately amputation. This study is conducted to assess patients' knowledge and compliance of diabetic foot care. A cross sectional study performed on patients who were admitted to HSNZ from the 1st September 2013 to 30th April 2014 for diabetic foot infections. They were interviewed with a questionnaire of 15 'yes' or 'no' questions on foot care knowledge and practice. Score of 1 was given for each 'yes' answer. The level of knowledge and practice, whether good or poor, was determined based on the median score of each category. The result was tested using a chi-square test in SPSS version 17. A total of 157 patients were included in this study with a mean age of 56.33 years (31-77). There were 72 male (45.9%) and 85 female (54.1%) patients with the majority of them being Malays (154 patients, 98.1%). Majority of the patients (58%) had poor fo...