Enhanced Growth Performance,Haemato-biochemical and Immune Parameters of Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch,1790) Fed Dietary Supplementation with Polygonum chinense (original) (raw)
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Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Growth and immune response of Pangasius hypophthalmus were evaluated after feeding the fish with diets containing hot-water extracts (HWE) of Sargassum oligocystum as immunostimulant at 100, 300, and 500 mg kg-1 diet. Basal diet for P. hypophthalmus served as the control. The experimental diets were administered for 12 weeks. At the end of the feeding experiment, growth and haematological profile of fish were evaluated. Result showed that final weight, weight gain, daily growth rate and feed conversion ratio were significantly increased in the fish that received 300 and 500 mg kg-1 HWE of S. oligocystum. Evaluation of the haematological profile showed that white blood cells red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet of P. hypophthalmus that received the HWE of S. oligocystum were significantly higher than the control group. Overall, our results indicate that the use of S. oligocystum HWE improves growth and haematological profile in P. hypophthalmus.
We investigated the effects of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on zootechnical performance and immune response of the Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer Bloch. Experimental fish were fed with 3 diets: a local commercial diet (control), coated or not, with 2 and 3% FPH (w/w). Twelve thousand Asian Seabass juveniles (5.88±0.56 g) were divided into three groups and two replicates reared in nursery tanks (2000 L). The remaining fish were then used for grow-out experiment in floating net cages (1m x 1 m x 3 m). Zootechnical performances were assessed at both stages with following indicators: total weight gain (TWG), % relative weight gain (% RWG), % specific growth rate (% SGR), final weight (g) and final length (cm). At the end of each trial period, fish immune status was assessed through blood sampling and the measurement of Neutrophile (%), Monocyte (%), Lymphocyte (%), Macrophage (105 cell/mL), Leukocyte (103 cell/mL) and Phagocytes activity (%). At the end of the nursery trial, an immersion bacterial challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus (105 cells mL-1) was implemented. The results showed that dietary FPH supplementation significantly influenced the growth and immune status of Asian Seabass when compared to the control group. Fish fed FPH supplemented diet yielded higher growth rates and survival rates than non supplemented group. Fish phagocytic activity and resistance to a bacterial challenge were also improved by dietary FPH supplementation. These results may be related to the significant changes observed in fish leukocyte profiles, when fed FPH supplemented diets. Altogether, these results show the positive contribution of FPH to the sustainability of Asian seabass farming.
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2020
Formulating new fish feed is one of the major challenges for profitable aquaculture. With this view, this study was designed to find out the effect of seaweed as replacement of fish meal on growth and immune response of Tilapia. This experiment was carried out in earthen pit with four treatments (T1: Control, T2: 10%, T3: 20% and T4: 30% seaweed as fish meal replacement) with three replications of each. Fishes were reared in very small earthen ponds called pits for 60 days. Results found that, the average weight gain, the relative percent (%) increment of weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR % day-1) was highest in T4 followed by T3, T2 and T1 (P<0.05). Furthermore, feed conversion ratio (FCR) of experimental Tilapia in T1, T2, T3 and T4 was 1.27±0.35, 1.15±0.18, 1.12±0.07 and 1.02±0.28, respectively which was significantly different (P>0.05). Regarding the immune response of Tilapia, the blood parameters such as red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscle volume (MCV), mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscle hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were measured. Results found that the highest number of RBC (3.23×10 6 cells mm-3) and WBC (12.86 × 10 3 cells mm-3) were found in T4 along with other blood parameters compared to T3, T2 and T1. So, it can be inferred that seaweed has positive impact on growth and immune system of fish.
2019
Research on nutrition and immune function of fish is slowly expanding to define the role of specific nutrients in disease resistance in fish. The potential impact of certain vitamins (A, E and C), trace elements (iron and selenium), protein, carbohydrate and lipid on the immune response and the pathogenesis of deficiency diseases is briefly reviewed. Recent developments on the functional role of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on nonspecific and specific humoral and cellular immunity are summarized. In addition to cell membrane function (e.g. fluidity and permeability), the immunological effects of PUFAs are associated with the formation of eicosanoids such as leucotrienes (LT) and prostaglandins (PG). Dietary n-3 and n-6 PUFAs intake have a significant effect on LT and PG production by macrophage and leukocytes, which directly influence the piscine immune function. Although potential for disease prevention in fish by dietary changes exists, additional information is ...
Aquaculture Nutrition
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the dietary effect of Nigeria polyherbal mixture (PHB) on growth, haemato-immune parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and intestinal morphometry of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Four diets were formulated with PHB powder at inclusion of 0 g/kg (control), 0.5 g/kg (PHB 0.5), 1.0 g/kg (PHB 1.0), and 2.0 g/kg (PHB 2.0) and fed to African catfish ( 6.32 ± 0.02 g /fish, 15 fish/50 L tank) in triplicates. Fish fed PHB 2.0 recorded higher final weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate ( p < 0.05 ) compared to the control. There were no statistical differences ( p > 0.05 ) in feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio among the dietary groups. The haematological profile indicates that the fish fed PHB-1.0 had higher Hb, RBCs count, and Hct, and blood performance ( p < 0.05 ) compared to the control. ALT levels were found higher in the control and the lowest values recorded in PHB groups ( p < 0.05 ); ho...
Nutrition and health of fish 1
Research on nutrition and immune function of fish is slowly expanding to define the role of specific nutrients in disease resistance in fish. The potential impact of certain vitamins (A, E and C), trace elements (iron and selenium), protein, carbohydrate and lipid on the immune response and the pathogenesis of deficiency diseases is briefly reviewed. Recent developments on the functional role of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on nonspecific and specific humoral and cellular immunity are summarized. In addition to cell membrane function (e.g. fluidity and permeability), the immunological effects of PUFAs are associated with the formation of eicosanoids such as leucotrienes (LT) and prostaglandins (PG). Dietary n-3 and n-6 PUFAs intake have a significant effect on LT and PG production by macrophage and leukocytes, which directly influence the piscine immune function. Although potential for disease prevention in fish by dietary changes exists, additional information is ...
Journal of Applied Phycology, 2019
Supplementation of seaweed to fish diets has been widely reported to improve growth and immunity. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of sulfated polysaccharide extract from the green alga Ulva intestinalis and the red alga Gracilariopsis persica as a dietary supplement on growth performance, fatty acid profile, stress response, antioxidant enzyme activity, and nonspecific immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (15.74 ± 0.48 g). The five experimental diets include control (without sulfated polysaccharide), 0.5SPG (0.5 g kg −1 sulfated polysaccharide from G. persica), 1.5SPG (1.5 g kg −1 sulfated polysaccharide from G. persica), 0.5SPU (0.5 g kg −1 sulfated polysaccharide from U. intestinalis), and 1.5SPU (1.5 g kg −1 sulfated polysaccharide from U. intestinalis) were formulated and fed to fish for 8 weeks. Results of growth trial indicated a significant enhancement of growth performance of fish fed 1.5SPG, 0.5SPU, and 1.5SPU as compared with control. Although there was no significant difference in the fatty acid profile of muscle, fish fed the 1.5SPG diet showed higher protein and lower lipid contents than the control group. While the lysozyme and complement activity of serum was significantly enhanced in fish fed 1.5SPG and 1.5 SPU diets, superoxide dismutase in these treatments was lower than the control group. Furthermore, the amount of cortisol in individuals fed experimental diets after 3-h confinement stress was lower than fish fed the control diet. To conclude, in consideration of all factors, we suggest the potential benefits of using 1.5SPG diet in the aquaculture industry as a diet supplementation.
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the haematological parameters and the leukogram of paddlefish juveniles fed with different protein level diets. The experiment was conducted in a recirculating system, populated with 112 days old paddlefish juveniles with a mean weight of 57.93 g. During the experiment, two different types of pellets were tested: Aller Performa (54% crude protein) at variant V1 (B1, B3) and Classic Extra 1P (41% crude protein) at variant V2 (B2,B4). The haematological parameters analyzed were: RBC, Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH and MCHC. In V1 case, RBC, Hb, Ht and MCV registered lower values than those from V2 while MCH and MCHC were higher. By study all the different types of leukocyte found on blood smears (lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes), the leukogram was determined. The physiological stress induced by different protein level diets reflected the absolute number of leukocytes. Thus, at V2, the value of 82.05 x 10 3 WBC/mm 3 blood was significantly higher than the one from V1 (50.80 x 10 3 WBC/mm 3 blood). A decrease of lymphocytes percentage was observed in case of V1 (59%), comparing to V2 (71.125%). This shows a decrease of fish immunity, but in exchange, the percentage of neutrophils increased. As a conclusion, in terms of physiological condition, percentage of 41% crude protein (V2) led to a better health condition of paddlefish juveniles.
Journal of Applied Phycology, 2021
To enhance fish general health, feeds can be supplemented with health promoting additives, reducing the need to use chemotherapeutics. Incorporation of marine algae biomasses in aquafeeds has been shown to improve fish immune status by enhancing innate immune response. This study intended to evaluate the effects of microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum incorporation in feed by two different processes, either as freeze-dried biomass or broken cell wall biomass, on fish health status and performance. Triplicate groups of gilthead seabream juveniles (13.3 ± 0.3 g) were either fed a control diet (CTRL) with an extreme (i.e. 0 % fishmeal), nutritionally balanced, formulation, or two experimental diets formulated as the CTRL with 1 % inclusion of P. tricornutum at the expense of wheat meal: BC diet contains P. tricornutum broken cells and WC diet microalgae whole cells. After 2 and 12 weeks of feeding, blood was collected for haematological procedures whereas plasma and mucus were sampled for immune parameters. Head-kidney, liver and white skeletal muscle were also collected for gene expression measurements. Mucus bactericidal and alternative complement pathway activity increased when seabream juveniles were fed BC diet for 2 and 12 weeks, respectively. No major differences were observed in haematological nor plasma humoral parameters after 12 weeks irrespective of dietary treatment. Arrays of 29-31 genes were analyzed in the different tissues, revealing an early dietary effect (2 weeks) in a tissue-specific pattern. In liver, the major effect was found in the GH/IGF axis and in muscle there was a late down-regulation of myostatin (mstn) gene, mainly due to WC diet, even though all fish had similar growth performance. Regarding the head-kidney, BC diet led to interleukin 6 (il-6) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (a2m) gene up-regulation. Hence, it seems that BC diet has a potential stimulatory effect that might be relevant as a prophylactic measure before a predictable stressful event.