The global elimination of hepatitis C? (original) (raw)
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Global hepatitis C elimination: history, evolution, revolutionary changes and barriers to overcome
Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology, 2021
The fundamental discovery of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 1989 has led to winning this year's Nobel Prize in Medicine. This achievement guided all the steps in identifying the elements of the virus, in order to develop the treatment and to increase the screening solutions, which have slowed the exposure to the virus. The management of infection started with interferon-alpha (IFN-α), which has later enhanced by adding Ribavirin. Nowadays, HCV treatment is based on direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Currently, HCV infection benefits of curative treatment, with which most patients can be cured. When speaking about hepatitis C future, we can say it is looking bright, considering all the progress that has been made in recent years and all the options that we have for curing all genotypes of HCV infection. The aim of this review is to sum up the historical characteristics of HCV discovery, the evolution of treatment and screening actions, gaps, and stages for achieving the international elimination target of the World Health Organization.
Global hepatitis C elimination: an investment framework
The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2020
Disclosure of Interest Statement: The Qatar Foundation provided funding for the initial World Innovations Summit for Health report to the Burnet Institute. The funders had no role in the decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. AP has received investigator-initiated research funding from Gilead Sciences, MSD and AbbVie, and honoraria from Gilead Sciences unrelated to this work. JVL reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences and MSD, personal fees from CEPHEID, GSK and Janssen outside the submitted work. MH and and the Burnet Institute receive investigator-initiated research funding from Gilead Sciences, Abbvie and BMS. NS receives investigator-initiated research funding from Gilead Sciences unrelated to this work. JH received the Gilead Sciences Australia fellowship (2017) and and honoraria from Gilead Sciences. AHS reports institutional grants and travel funding from ViiV Healthcare. ETH
Towards hepatitis C eradication from the HIV-infected population
Antiviral Research, 2014
Around 10-15% of the 35 million people living with HIV worldwide have chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and are prone to develop liver-related complications. Exposure to HCV is almost universal among injecting drug users and is on the rise among homosexual men. Response to peginterferon-ribavirin therapy is generally lower in coinfection compared to HCV monoinfection. For this reason, the advent of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) is eagerly awaited for this population. The results of trials using DAA in coinfection show that treatment response rates are similar to those obtained in HCV monoinfection. Thus, HIV should no longer be considered as a ''special'' population, as long as antiretroviral therapy is given and drug interactions are taken into account. Envisioning HCV eradication from the HIV population faces major challenges ahead, including identification of the large number of undiagnosed individuals, and ensuring wide access to the best but often expensive HCV medications. This article forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on ''Hepatitis C: next steps toward global eradication''.
Leaving no one behind: Towards equitable global elimination of hepatitis C
2020
www.jogh.org • doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.010308 1 June 2020 • Vol. 10 No. 1 • 010308 Until the 1950s, tuberculosis (TB) was a public health threat in many high-income countries, however, since the development of a vaccine, introduction of effective treatments and rising living standards, incidence has plummeted and new cases are now predominantly imported cases from endemic regions [1]. In predominantly poorer countries, TB still represents a major challenge. The stark global health inequity is highlighted by the 2015 World Health Organisation (WHO) ‘End TB’ strategy which seeks to “eliminate TB as a public health problem” by 2050 [2] – a century after the disease came under control in high income countries. Today, the growing incidence of multidrug resistant (MDR-TB) and totally drug resistant (XDR-TB) are adding to the complexity of disease control; limited funds, that could once have gone directly into public health programs, must now be redirected to research and development for new ...
Med Sci Monit, 2023
Eliminating an infectious disease aims to result in no residual disease in a specific geographic area due to deliberate efforts, which may require ongoing control measures to prevent the re-establishment of infection transmission. Currently, no effective vaccines prevent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, during the past decade, oral direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been developed and approved for the treatment of HCV that result in a 'cure' in more than 95% of people infected. Morbidity and mortality from untreated hepatitis C result from liver failure, cirrhosis, and HCC and can be prevented by curative treatment with DAAs, which also prevents HCV transmission. Morbidity and mortality from untreated hepatitis C result from liver failure, cirrhosis, and HCC and can be prevented by curative treatment with DAAs, which also prevents HCV transmission. In May 2016, the World Health Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed the first global health initiative on viral hepatitis, which proposed the elimination of hepatitis B and C by 2030. In March 2023, the US President announced that in the 2024 fiscal year budget proposal, a 5-year program was approved to eliminate hepatitis C in the US, using a screening and treatment approach. This Editorial aims to present the development of effective and curative DAA treatments for hepatitis C that support the WHO and US Federal programs for disease elimination.