The role of science and technology in sport (original) (raw)
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Pervasive Computing to Enhance Sport Performance
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Wireless Sensor Devices in Sports Performance
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PERSPECTIVES OF APPLICATION OF MOTOR ACTIVITY MONITORING TECHNIQUES IN SPORT
According to the findings, the common feature of all the examined systems of motor skill formation is that they solve the problem of creating a specialized environment, which includes objects of interaction with a person or equivalent models. These actions are designed to construct a safeto- use environment controlled well by technical means. The educational effect of this technologically rich environment is provided by the organization of feedback needed to perform the sensory correction of athlete’s movements. The possibility of control depends on the ability of a trainer to set an algorithm of actions for an athlete and monitor the characteristics of his motor activity. The technical effect in this case is represented by changes in the environment and is estimated by the typical change in the indicators of motion sensors, fixed on the working objects or parts of the human body. Mechanical devices, optical tracking systems, electromagnetic tracking systems and inertial systems are used as motion detectors. One of the main conditions for creating a workspace is ensuring autonomic control, intended not only for decreasing the degree of involvement in training of qualified personnel, but also for reducing the response time of the elements of the training environment to athlete’s actions, which is crucial in the case of motor skills. It is also possible to use new techniques to arrange the developing environment and implement feedback. First of all it refers to the organization of team work and methodical support, based on the use of the results of psychological, psycho-physiological and pedagogical research in the field of formation of motor skills. Here the main drawback of the earlier systems should be eliminated, which is in the fact that for assessment and self-assessment of athlete’s motor activity the authors almost invariably use the obvious, but theoretically wrong approach, based on the work with the visualization of the path of movement, which the student should mechanically reproduce, striving for the standard set by a more skilled athlete.
Advances in the application of information technology to sport performance
Journal of Sports Sciences, 2002
This paper overviews the diverse information technologies that are used to provide athletes with relevant feedback. Examples taken from various sports are used to illustrate selected applications of technology-based feedback. Several feedback systems are discussed, including vision, audition and proprioception. Each technology described here is based on the assumption that feedback would eventually enhance skill acquisition and sport performance and, as such, its usefulness to athletes and coaches in training is critically evaluated. reference were coded as error, which would then drive the system to compensate or correct. That is, in movement science, feedback information about movement was generally expected to allow systematic corrections in the performance. However, feedback will be relevant to the human learner if, and only if, the individual knows the performance goal and perceives the need to carry out corrections relative to some expected outcome. Under such assumptions, a coach should strive to provide an environment that is conducive to optimum learning by augmenting the feedback that athletes receive. Feedback should thus enable athletes to modify their movements and produce optimum performance.