Development an efficient photovoltaic (PV) configuration for low power applications (original) (raw)
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2010
This paper proposes a high gain and high efficiency power conditioning system for grid connected PV module. The system consists of a one module of PV, boost converter with high gain transformation ratio, and singlephase H-bridge inverter. The system is suitable for using less number of PV modules or using only one PV module for the grid connection applications which called ac modules. Since the controller will disconnect the whole string of PV modules in case of one PV module is affected by, for example, the shadow. As a result, the proposed system can avoid this phenomenon which results in increasing the whole system efficiency. The paper also proposes an accurate PV cell model which considers the environmental conditions such as temperature and shadow effects. A modified maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the conductance MPPT will be proposed. Additionally, the system will be connected to the utility grid at unity power factor. The proposed system have been studied, analyzed, and simulated for the validation. Also some selected of the experimental results have been provided.
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In this paper, we present a comparative study performance and analysis of different types of architecture and evaluating MPPT efficiency under shading effect in a photovoltaic system. In fact, we present a new alternative for improving both the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems and the efficiency of the energy conversion by using different configuration of power converters. It provides different improvements on the electrical architecture and evaluation of shading effect . In fact, for this latter we use two configurations, the series and the parallel connection of a converter that involves a major power transfer capability. For this purpose, a comparative study between two con fi gurations is carried out. These two topologies have some advantages. Each power converter can control the power conversion of each module individually, which results in increased overall energy conversion of the entire system. The MPPT control system in this case can react effectively to atmospheric ...
A comprehensive review on PV configurations to maximize power under partial shading
TENCON 2017 - 2017 IEEE Region 10 Conference, 2017
Partial shading is the condition where PV array experiences different level of irradiances on it which results significant reduction in output power. To handle that issue, PV modules are connected in various configurations as reported in the literature. Different connection schemes of the PV modules provide alternative paths to current flow that eventually improve power attainment under partial shading. A comprehensive study of literature shows that PV modules are connected under different schemes namely simple series (SS), parallel (P), seriesparallel (SP), total-cross-tied (TCT), bridge-linked (BL) and honey-comb (HC). In this paper, a comprehensive review is performed to highlight the advantages and limitations of each scheme. To validate the findings from literature review, several experiments are carried out on various configurations in MATLAB Simulink. Three different cases namely unshaded, corner shaded and centre shaded conditions are used in the experiments to analyse the output characteristics. The superiority of various configurations in distinct operating conditions is demonstrated by comparing their maximum power output, relative power loss and fill factor. Based on the results, several recommendations are made on how to handle partial shading by using different PV configurations.
2017
Photovoltaic array exhibits highly nonlinear electrical characteristics and the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is always challenging. It becomes more complex during partial shading condition. The P-V array characteristics for shading condition have multiple maxima points and conventional MPPT technique fails to track global maximum power point. The operating point may settle at local points. In this paper, a medium size 3.8 kW PV system is simulated and shading effect on PV array is analyzed for different shading pattern. This PV array consisting of 64 ( 8 8 ) PV modules connected in series and parallel configuration of 60 W each. The dc-dc boost converter is used to control and operate above system at Global maximum power point (GMPP). The P-V and I-V characteristics are plotted using Matlab/ Simulink software platform and the simulation results are obtained to study shading effect.
MPPT for a PV Grid-Connected System to Improve Efficiency under Partial Shading Conditions
Sustainability 2020, 12(24), 10310, 2020
The disadvantage of photovoltaic (PV) power generation is that output power decreases due to the presence of clouds or shade. Moreover, it can only be used when the sun is shining. Consequently, there is a need for further active research into the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique, which can maximize the power of solar cells. When the solar cell array is partially shaded due to the influence of clouds or buildings, the solar cell characteristic has a number of local maximum power points (LMPPs). Conventional MPPT techniques do not follow the actual maximum power point, namely, the global maximum power point (GMPP), but stay in the LMPP. Therefore, an analysis of the occurrence of multiple LMPPs due to partial shading, as well as a study on the MPPT technique that can trace GMPP, is needed. In order to overcome this obstacle, the grey wolf optimization (GWO) method is proposed in order to track the global maximum power point and to maximize the energy extraction of the PV system. In addition, opposition-based learning is integrated with the GWO to accelerate the MPPT search process and to reduce convergence time. Simultaneously, the DC link voltage is controlled to reduce sudden variations in voltage in the event of transients of solar radiation and/or temperature. Experimental tests are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed MPPT method during uniform irradiance and partial shading conditions. The proposed method is compared with the perturbation and observation method.
Characteristics of Photovoltaic Modules in Various Configurations for Partial Shading Conditions
2021
Partial shading conditions (PSCs) can cause a significant reduction in energy output in photovoltaic (PV) systems. This paper recounts the characteristics of PV in various condition of PCSs. The compared PV characteristics involve voltage, current, generated power, fill factor, mismatching loss, and efficiency. Six configurations of the PV system are used in this research namely Series-Parallel (SP), Honey Comb (HC), Total Cross Tied (TCT), Bridge Linked Honey Comb (BLHC), Bridge Linked Total Cross Tied (BLTCT), and Series-Parallel Total Cross Tied (SPTCT). The PSCs are considered uniform, short and narrow, long and narrow, long and wide, short and wide, and corner. The result indicates that TCT configuration is the best configuration among others then followed by the BLHC, BLTCT, SPTCT, HC, and SP configurations.
Journal of Vibroengineering, 2019
The proposed research suggests an improvised performance which is efficient and a reliable converter as a reasonable solar photo Voltaic (PV) approach. The proposed research helps in elevating the performance levels so that power extraction is maximized from the respective PV arrays specifically during the case of limited shading. In order to track the maximum amount of power from every solar PV string, connection of DC-DC converters is done amid the solar PV strings. By doing so, maximum power output can be ensured by the operation of each string irrespective of the occurrence of variation in the solar radiation amongst diverse strings. Usually, the DC-DC converter that would be employed for this purpose would process the string’s power completely. This Full Power Processing (FPP) architecture gives rise to extreme losses of conversion. Hence, the suggested work propound a Partial Power Processing (PPP) that processed a part of the total system power, while the rest of the power is...
2011 7th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2011
Partial shading of photovoltaic modules is a widespread phenomenon in all kinds of Photovoltaic (PV) systems. In many cases the PV arrays get shadowed, completely or partially, by the passing clouds, neighboring buildings and towers, trees or the shadow of one solar array on the other, etc. This further leads to nonlinearities in characteristics. In this study, the simulation and experimental results of uniform and partial shading of PV modules are presented. Different shading pattern have been investigated on series and parallel connected photovoltaic module to find a configuration that is comparatively less susceptible to electrical mismatches due shadow problems. Simscape simulation model is employed to model the solar cell taking into account its series and parallel resistance.