(Re)Foundation of Electrodynamics (original) (raw)

EM theory started from electricity and its current, as the carriers or objects, mediated by the fields and potentials. In the opposite sense, the fields are formal features of the potentials, limited by the carriers. Apart from the central Coulomb's law, similar Ampere's law is here generalized. The radial-static and transverse-kinetic, are thus supplemented by longitudinal-dynamic forces. The fields are introduced in the three ways: as the evident forces, via the object densities and by analogy of the potentials with fluid mechanics. As the simplest basic set, the two algebraic relations of J. J. Thomson operate by the two moving fields. Instead of the parallel or hierarchical processes, they form a causal loop with the constitutive field relations. The spatial derivatives of the algebraic pair give the four differential forms, wider from Maxwell's equations. The elimination of excessive, and explanation of remaining terms, convincingly relate the two sets. Maxwell's equations are finally presented in Einstein's tensor form, concerning 4D space.

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