Tin mining process and its effects on soils in Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia (original) (raw)
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The Effect of Tin Mining on Soil Damage in Pedindang Sub-Watershed, Central Bangka Regency
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019
The practice of tin mining, especially in the Pedindang Sub-Watershed, Central Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Province was not carried out carefully and protectively because it produced soil damage or land degradation. The purpose of this study was to examine soil properties, particularly soil physical properties, and soil damage in the Pedindang Sub-Watershed with various land uses, namely tin mining, forests, dryland agriculture and thicket shrubs-bushes, on various slope classes. The properties of the soil studied were the content of organic matter, sand, silt, clay; bulk density; porosity, and soil permeability. Compared to other land use (forest, dryland agriculture and shrubs) in the Pedindang Sub-Watershed area, tin mining land use show the worst soil properties. Soils in tin mining land use were degraded, has very low organic matter content; the lowest clay content; the highest soil density as indicated by high bulk density and low soil porosity; and the highest sand conten...
The Impact of tin mining in Bangka Belitung and its reclamation studies
MATEC Web of Conferences, 2017
Tin mining in Bangka Belitung has been exploited for hundred years. The province is the second largest tin producer in the world. Secondary data from studies which took place in all four regencies in Bangka Island were discussed to show the impact of mining activities and its reclamation studies. In order to add plant selection criteria for regevetate mined soil, the greenhouse and laboratory experiment was carried out with fourteen herbs and grass species in Tennessee. The mining activities increase the wealth of the community, but the other hand they change and decrease the environmental stability, and cause horizontal conflicts. Offshore mining reduced water quality, change sea bed caused the change of biodiversity. Onshore mining activity reduces biodiversity and causes floods and damages infrastructure. While the more economic species are demanded, planting local tree species is challenging. An evaluation with local tree species concluded that best adapted species based on anatomical and physiological measurements was not those that showed the best performance in the field. The greenhouse and laboratory findings indicate that some physiological characteristics i.e. plant height and cover, transpiration rate, and foliar pigments may be used to select plant adaptability to mined soil.
Physical and chemical characterization in degraded soils by tin mining
The Amazon ecosystem is suffering an accelerated process of environmental degrada-tion for the vegetation retreat by the introduction of agricultural projects or the disor-dered exploration mineral and wood. The present work had as objective evaluates the differences which happened after the activity tin mining in an area of the Amazon for-est. The samples were collected, superficially, along a line with: high forest, low forest, plows, reject dry and reject sandy, in each situation there were collected 5 samples, which worked as repetitions, in a total of 35 samples. In the collected samples phys-ical analyses were accomplished: texture, soil's density and particles and mechanical resistance to penetration and chemical elements: pH (CaCl2); organic matter, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, CEC and BS. The results showed that the process of tin extraction promoted significant alterations in the soil's properties studied. Parameters as the organic matter, P, the soil and particle's densi...
Revegetation of tin post-mining sites in Bangka Island to enhance soil surface development
IOP conference series, 2019
Sandy tailing, a by-product of tin processing plant is commonly utilized for land preparation for revegetation. In some cases in the land reclamation, slime (clayey) and lateritic materials are also used. Mining company has an obligation to improve environmental quality by which revegetation is introduced using a variety of introduced fast growing species and local species. In this paper we have examined soil surface development under different plant species in tin post-mining area in Bangka Island. The study was carried out in Air Benuang (planted in2017, Anacardium, 1 m height), Air Pelawan 2 (planted in 2017, Paraserianthes falcataria, 6 m height), Air Pelawan 1 (planted in 2015, rubber trees, 2 m height), Batu Ampar (2007, Acacia mangium, 10 m height), and a secondary forest in Air Mesu. In every site a small pit was excavated and some soil physical properties were analyzed in site as well as in laboratory. The results indicated that surface soil of recently revegetated sites has gradually changed into slightly darker from light yellowish brown (10 YR 6/4) into 10 YR 3/1 owing to such addition of organic matter and topsoil during sites preparation. Meanwhile, for the older site of Batu Ampar remains grey (10 YR 5/1-6/1) due to less incorporation of decomposing litter of Acacia. Revegetation also enhances decrease of bulk density with age of reclamation. Water infiltration is likely related to the amount of sand fraction but not with the age of revegetation. We learn from the results that plant selection for revegetation is the key factor to ensure a long-term recovery of soil surface condition.
Agronomy
Mining severely affects ecosystems and threatens local food security. Remediation practices, however, are a viable way of reducing the negative impacts on post-mining lands. In this study we aim to improve crop yields and drought resistance on a post-tin-mining site located in Bangka Island, Indonesia, with locally available resources. Plots with five different soil amendments: (1) dolomite; (2) compost; (3) charcoal; combinations of (4) charcoal + compost; and (5) charcoal + sawdust; and a control were established. An intercropping system with cassava and centrosema was employed, and yields were determined. Drought resistance was evaluated by carbon isotope discrimination (∆13C) from crop parts of cassava and centrosema’s shoot. Soil physicochemical properties were determined at harvesting time. Soil amendments significantly improved cassava and centrosema yields. In particular, the compost and combined (charcoal + compost) treatments enhanced centrosema yields (1.18 and 1.99 kg·pl...
ABSTRACT: Bangka Belitung Island is the largest tin-producing island in Indonesia and second only to Malaysia. With the decline of the tin industry since 1991 due to the decline in world tin prices are resultPT. TimahTbk must stop some mining activities in Bangka Belitung Island to reduce production costs and provide opportunities for tin mining people to mine on traditionally abandoned land. However, over time this lead mining of the people resulted the negative impact on the environment because mining is done not only in the former mining land of PT. Timah, Tbk but began to expand into protected forest areas and conservation forests, as well as near the Watershed (DAS) which ultimately resulted in flooding during the rainy season. This research is a qualitative research aims to analyze the impact of tin mining people against floods in the province of Bangka Belitung Islands and analyze the efforts made by the Provincial Government of Bangka Belitung in flood tackling due to tin mining people. The results showed that human factors greatly affect the environmental damage. It is necessary to formulate policies that regulate the people's tin mining and supervision of the tin mining activities of the people.
International Journal of Science, Technology & Management
Manganese (Mn) mining in North Central Timor results in open land conditions that can change soil qualities. The aim of this study was to determine physical characteristics and chemical properties of the soil in the ex-manganese mining areas. The study was performed from June – September 2021. Soil characterization was carried out at selected locations where manganese mining was carried out both traditionally and using technology. The soil characteristics measured were texture, water content, bulk density, mass density, porosity, organic matter content, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic C, total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P), total potassium (K), and total Mn. The results showed that the physical characteristics of the soil on ex-Mn mining land from 5 villages in TTU, NTT are dominated by sand texture which results in low water content (3.39 - 9.46 %), soil porosity (14.96 - 59.31 %), and high bulk density (1.18 - 1.49 g cm-3). Characteristics of soil chemical propert...
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The open pit minning process has an impact on soil properties, including the soil physical properties. The physical properties of soil in the rehabilitation area will develops over time. This study purpose was to determine the soil physical properties development in the 20 years old rehabilitation area and compare it with the forest area. Soil samples test was carried out in the laboratory, data analysis refers to the criteria for assessing the soil physical properties. Based on the soil profiles observations it is known that the rehabilitation area has 3 horizon, horizon boundaries are clear; 72 cm root depth; soil consistency and soil structure varies, soil texture is the silty clay loam. Theforest area has 6 horizon, horizon boundaries are diffuse, 117 cm roots depth; soil consistency is predominantly firm (moist conditions) and sticky to very sticky (wet conditions); soil structures is sub-angular bocky and angular blocky, soil texture is sandy loam. The value of soil permeabili...
Fertility status of soils developed on an inactive mine tailings deposition area in Papua
Proceedings of the 19th …, 2010
Tailings are the residue of mined material after separation of metals such as copper, gold and silver elements. Separation of minerals involves crushing of the host material to fine particles and separation of the metals by flotation or other techniques. The total amount of tailings produced by PTFI from their Grasberg mine is about 230,000 tons/day. These tailings are deposited in a lowland area and are confined by two levees. There are two types of plant growth on inactive tailings according to land use (natural succession area or reclaimed agricultural area). This study of soil fertility on the mine tailings was required to contribute to information on the management of tailings. Representative sampling locations were chosen based on soil texture. Soil (0-≤ 50 cm depth) was subjected to laboratory analysis. Total soil N is very low (< 0.02%), CEC low to medium (≤ 20 me/100g), and organic C ranges from 0.1-2%. pH is 7-8 resulting in the low availability of some nutrients, but values of extractable Cu may be high (≥ 300 mg/kg). Nutrient elements are more abundant in soils on fine textured tailings.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019
Indonesia is known as the emerald of equator that has high values of natural resources although it also has a huge disaster risk. It is because Indonesia is located in the strategic areas, namely: (i) the equator, (ii) ring of fire, and (iii) earth plates of Eurasian, Pacific & Indo Australia. Mining activities of natural resources in tropical region exposes carbon and heavy metals and thus are the main cause of severe local, regional, and global environmental damage. The change of national economic development from extraction to empowerment of natural resource will facilitate shifting paradigm from red & green economic to blue economic concept that more smart, global, focus, and futuristic. Site engineering on critically degraded land through land preparation, soil amendment & biofertilizer could facilitate a better rehabilitation of mining land and have added value on environment, economy, sociocultural and health aspect. Synergism to genetic engineering using fast-growing species...