Institutions & Well-being (original) (raw)

Institutions and Development: What We (Think We) Know, What We Would Like to Know

This paper takes the form of an extended literature review, outlining the key ideas that will need to be developed further in the course of the IPPG Research Programme. After an extended introduction, the next two sections are conceptual, the former elucidating key concepts and definitions, the latter examining various approaches to the analysis of institutions relevant for economic growth. Then the paper reviews much of the available evidence linking institutions and growth and covers in some detail the evidence regarding economic institutions, confirming that institutions matter. However, the findings from different studies are far from consistent in terms of identifying exactly what it is that matters. Given the prevalence of weak or poorly functioning states amongst the poorest countries of the world, the paper also reviews literature on the political aspects of development, particularly in relation to the role of institutions. Likewise, the paper selectively illustrates the ide...

Institutions and Human Progress: An Analysis of International Pooled Data

2016

This study investigates the impact of the components of economic freedom (Economic Freedom of the World Index, EFW) on improvements in well-being using pooled data of 105 countries spaced at 5-year intervals between 1990 and 2000. The EFW as well as other control variables are regressed on the log-odds ratios of the Index of Human Progress (IHP), a measurement of progress constructed by the Fraser Institute, and its components. Extreme bound analysis demonstrates that countries with a higher quality of government, well-defined property rights, sound money, limited trade restrictions, and limited regulation experience higher levels of human progress as measured by the IHP.

Institutions and economic development: theory, policy and history

The article tries to advance our understanding of institutional economics by critically examining the currently dominant discourse on institutions and economic development. First, I argue that the discourse suffers from a number of theoretical problems – its neglect of the causality running from development to institutions, its inability to see the impossibility of a free market, and its belief that the freest market and the strongest protection of private property rights are best for economic development. Second, I point out that the supposed evidence showing the superiority of 'liberalized' institutions relies too much on cross-section econometric studies, which suffer from defective concepts, flawed measurements and heterogeneous samples. Finally, I argue that the currently dominant discourse on institutions and development has a poor understanding of changes in institutions themselves, which often makes it take unduly optimistic or pessimistic positions about the feasibility of institutional reform.

Institutional Origins of Subjective Well-Being: Estimating the Effects of Economic Freedom on National Happiness

Journal of Happiness Studies, 2016

We exploit the cross-country differences in economic freedom to examine the link between the quality of institutions and subjective well-being. Using Veenhoven’s happiness dataset, the evidence suggests countries with better economic institutions and higher level of economic freedom, captured by the security of property rights, open markets and more limited government, are significantly more likely to experience greater subjective well-being after controlling for structural confounders of national subjective well-being such as income, unemployment, inequality, social capital and life satisfaction. The effect of institutions on cross-national happiness is both significant and robust to different model specifications, estimation techniques and possible sources of endogeneity. Furthermore, our panel data analysis reveals that over time higher levels of economic freedom are associated with decreasing subjective well-being after controlling for state dependence and income.