Sagittal spine and lower limb movement during sit-to-stand in healthy young subjects (original) (raw)
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Physical Therapy, 2010
BackgroundRehabilitation of elderly patients with sit-to-stand (STS) dysfunction includes retraining coordinated movement among participating body segments. Although trunk position is considered important, spinal movement has not been measured.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe the sagittal thoracolumbar kinematics and hip-lumbar interaction during the STS task in elderly people who were healthy in order to guide physical therapists in developing treatment strategies.DesignThis was an observational study.MethodsTen retroreflective markers were attached to the midline thoracolumbar spine, pelvis, and right lower limb of 41 elderly people who were healthy. A 2-dimensional video analysis system was used to measure sagittal thoracic, lumbar, hip, and knee joint angles during the STS task. Maximal available flexion-extension angles in these joints and regions also were determined.ResultsPrior to buttocks lift-off, forward trunk lean comprised concurrent hip and lumbar flexion...
Human Movement
Purpose. the evaluation of the sit-to-stand (StS) movement has been widely studied; however, very different protocols are used, making it difficult to choose a methodology. So, the purposes of this study were: (1) to identify the StS movement assessment protocols for lumbar spine, pelvis, or hip on the basis of video image analysis; (2) to investigate the reference values for these regions range of motion (ROM) using a systematic review with meta-analysis. Methods. the searches were conducted in BIREME, Embase, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases; manual searches were also performed. two independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality and risk of bias. the methodological quality was verified by the Downs and Black scale and the strength of evidence by the GRADE system. Seventeen studies were included, from which data on sample, evaluation protocols, and ROM angles were extracted. Results and conclusions. the studies showed high strength of evidence. Acquisition protocols diverged, but most of the studies utilized 3D video image analysis with optoelectronic systems, backless seat with adjustable height, and asking the subject to perform 3 trials of the movement in self-referred speed, keeping the arms crossed. the meta-analysis provided reference values for adults hip ROM (compared with the thigh) of 81.19-93.71°. For the elderly, the angles for lumbar spine and hip position at the start of the StS movement were 0.20-3.99° and 73.58-78.06°, respectively.
Correlation of Lumbar-Hip Kinematics Between Trunk Flexion and Other Functional Tasks
Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics, 2015
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the kinematic profiles of flexion of the upper lumbar and lower lumbar (LL) spine and hip and 3 sagittally dominant functional tasks (lifting, stand-to-sit, and sit-to-stand). Fifty-three participants were recruited for this study. Four sensors were attached to the skin over the S1, L3, T12, and lateral thigh. Relative angles between adjacent sensors were used to quantify the motion for the hip, LL, and upper lumbar spine. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to explore the relationship between the movements and more functional tasks. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine the significance of differences between the variables. Flexion resulted in a greater or similar range of motion (ROM) to the other tasks investigated for both spinal regions but less ROM for the hip. Strong correlations for ROM are reported between forward flexion tasks and lifting for the LL spine (r = 0.83) and all regions during...
PLoS ONE, 2013
It has been shown that an original attitude in forward or backward inclination of the trunk is maintained at gait initiation and during locomotion, and that this affects lower limb loading patterns. However, no studies have shown the extent to which shoulder, thorax and pelvis three-dimensional kinematics are modified during gait due to this sagittal inclination attitude. Thirty young healthy volunteers were analyzed during level walking with video-based motion analysis. Reflecting markers were mounted on anatomical landmarks to form a two-marker shoulder line segment, and a four-marker thorax and pelvis segments. Absolute and relative spatial rotations were calculated, for a total of 11 degrees of freedom. The subjects were divided into two groups of 15 according to the median of mean thorax inclination angle over the gait cycle. Preliminary MANOVA analysis assessed whether gender was an independent variable. Then two-factor nested ANOVA was used to test the possible effect of thorax inclination on body segments, planes of motion and gait periods, separately. There was no significant difference in all anthropometric and spatio-temporal parameters between the two groups, except for subject mass. The three-dimensional kinematics of the thorax and pelvis were not affected by gender. Nested ANOVA revealed group effect in all segment rotations apart those at the pelvis, in the sagittal and frontal planes, and at the pushoff. Attitudes in sagittal thorax inclination altered trunk segments kinematics during gait. Subjects with a backward thorax showed less thorax-to-pelvis motion, but more shoulder-to-thorax and thorax-to-laboratory motion, less motion in flexion/ extension and in lateral bending, and also less motion during push-off. This contributes to the understanding of forward propulsion and sideways load transfer mechanisms, fundamental for the maintenance of balance and the risk of falling.
The Spine Journal, 2014
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Sagittal standing posture is associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and quality of life. However, the frequency and determinants of suboptimal sagittal alignment outside the clinical context remain to be clarified. PURPOSE: To estimate the association of sociodemographic, anthropometric, and behavioral characteristics with sagittal standing posture among adults from the general population. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional evaluation of a population-based sample. PATIENT SAMPLE: As part of the EPIPorto study, 489 adults were assessed during 2005 to 2008. OUTCOME MEASURES: Individual spinopelvic parameters were measured. Additionally, participants were classified into one of four types of sagittal postural patterns (Roussouly classification: Types 1, 2, and 4 corresponding to nonneutral postures and Type 3 to a neutral posture). METHODS: Spinopelvic parameters were recorded from 36-inch sagittal radiographs obtained in free-standing posture. Age, sex, education, occupation, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, total physical activity, leisure time physical activity, time spent in sitting position, smoking status, and tobacco cumulative exposure were collected. Individual parameters and patterns of sagittal posture were compared across categories of participants' characteristics. RESULTS: Older age, lower educational level, blue collar occupation, and overall and central obesity were associated with increased sagittal vertical axis and pelvic tilt/pelvic incidence ratio. Taking the neutral postural pattern (Type 3) as reference for the outcome in a multinomial regression model, independently of age, sex, education, total physical activity, and smoking status, overweight adults had higher odds of Type 2 (odds ratio [OR]51.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-3.27) and Type 4 (OR52.13; 95% CI: 1.16-3.91) postural patterns in comparison with normal weight subjects. Overall and central obesity were positively related with Type 1 postural pattern (OR56.10, 95% CI: 1.52-24.57 and OR53.54, 95% CI: 1.13-11.11, respectively). There was also a weak direct association between female sex and Type 1 postural pattern. Regarding behavioral factors, subjects with total physical activity above the first third exhibited all nonneutral postural patterns less frequently, and current smokers were more likely to present a Type 4 postural pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Higher BMI and central obesity were important potential determinants of nonneutral posture among adults from the general population. Future research should investigate the FDA device/drug status: Not applicable.
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal
Background: Various factors, inherited and acquired, are associated with habitual spinal postures. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between trunk muscle endurance, anthropometry and physical activity/inactivity and the sagittal standing lumbopelvic posture in pain-free young participants. Methods: In this study, 112 healthy young adults (66 females), with median (IQR) age of 20 years (18.2–22 years), without low back pain, injury or trauma were included. Lumbar curve (LC) and sacral slope (SS) angles were measured in standing with a mobile phone application (iHandy level). Anthropometric, physical activity/inactivity levels (leisure-time sport involvement and sitting hours/day) and abdominal (plank prone bridge test) and paraspinal (Sorensen test) isometric muscle endurance measures were collected. Results: LC and SS angles correlated significantly ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). Statistically significant differences for both LC ([Fo...
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 1992
Lumbar angles, pelvic tilts and hip muscle indices of 25 female and 25 male subjects were measured in standing and in a variety of body positions in order to test hypotheses derived from the model of standing and sitting posture expounded by authors such as and later by Manda! (1991). The model emphasises the interrelationship between the anterior and posterior thigh muscles and the tilt of the pelvis in determining spinal posture in different body positions. The posterior trunk-thigh muscles are held to play a major role in the flattening of the lumbar spine in sitting and the anterior trunk-thigh muscles in accentuating the lumbar curve in standing.
Sagittal Standing Posture and Its Association With Spinal Pain
Spine, 2012
Study Design. Cross-sectional baseline data set on the sagittal standing posture of 1196 adolescents. Objective. To describe and quantify common variations in the sagittal standing alignment in boys and girls who are in the same phase of growth and to explore the association between habitual standing posture and measures for spinal pain. Summary of Background Data. Data on postural characteristics and spinal pain measures in adolescence are sparse, especially when somatic and biological maturity status is to be considered. Our understanding of the relationship between standing posture in the sagittal plane and spinal pain is also defi cient. Methods. A total of 639 boys (age [mean ± SD], 12.6 ± 0.54 yr) and 557 girls (10.6 ± 0.47 yr), with predicted years from peak height velocity (PHV) being 1.2 ± 0.71 and 1.2 ± 0.59 pre-PHV, respectively, were studied. Postural examination included the assessment of global alignment and local spinopelvic characteristics, using post hoc analyses of digital images and direct body measurements (palpation, digital inclinometry, and wheeled accelerometry). Spinal pain experience was assessed by questionnaire. Results. A wide interindividual variation in sagittal posture characteristics was observed. Logistic regression analyses yielded global alignment parameters to be associated with low back pain (lifetime prevalence), neck pain (lifetime prevalence, 1-mo prevalence, and doctor visit), and thoracic spine pain (doctor visit) outcome measures. None of the included local spinopelvic T here is a belief among clinicians that "non-From the * parameters could be identifi ed as an associated factor with measures of spinal pain. Conclusion. The orientation of gross body segments with respect to the gravity line seems superior to local spinopelvic features in terms of clinical importance, at least in the current pre-PHV cohort. Opportunities may exist for postural subgrouping strategies to begin with global alignment parameters in order to gain further insight into the relationship between sagittal alignment and the relative risk of developing spinal pain/seeking medical consultation for this pain.
The effects of the lower extremity joint motions on the total body motion in sit-to-stand movement
Clinical Biomechanics, 2000
Objective. The purpose of this study is to investigate the eects of lower extremity joint angular motions on the whole body linear motions in a sit-to-stand movement using a biomechanical model that describes the whole body linear velocity vector as functions of lower extremity joint angular velocities. Design. Two-dimensional video analysis of whole body and joint kinematics. Background. A biomechanical model that describes the whole body linear motions as functions of lower extremity joint angular motions is needed to provide clinically relevant information in clinical services and scienti®c research. Methods. The linear velocity vector of the whole body motion during the sit-to-stand movement was partitioned into horizontal and vertical components and expressed as functions of lower extremity joint angular velocities for 10 healthy subjects. The coef-®cient of joint contribution to the whole body linear velocity vector was determined for each joint in each direction. Results. The ankle and hip angular motions are critical to the development of the forward horizontal velocity of the whole body during the sit-to-stand movement. The knee and hip angular motions are critical to the development of the upward vertical velocity of the whole body during the sit-to-stand movement. Conclusions. The hip, knee, and ankle joint angular motions have various roles in whole body motions in dierent directions of the sit-to-stand movement. Relevance The model and the results of this study can be applied to study the control strategies, falls, and assessments of functional impairments in the sit-to-stand movement.