Full-scale study of a building equipped with phase change material wallboards and a multi-layer rack latent heat thermal energy store system (original) (raw)
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Thesis to obtain the Master of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering, 2017
In this study, the performance of six Phase Change Material (PCM) gypsum wallboards was evaluated in an office room. Several EnergyPlus simulations were performed after validating the model using real measured data in the office. Using simulation results, it was analyzed how PCM wallboards should be incorporated in an office. Four different parameters were considered: PCM melting temperature, wallboard location, PCM quantity and night ventilation (office air renewal). It was concluded that for an office in Lisbon or in Faro, a PCM that melts at around 26 ºC should be selected and the wallboards must be installed as internal mass. For an office in Bragança, PCM wallboards should be incorporated as a layer of external walls. Night ventilation should promote at least 11 air changes per hour to take full advantage of PCM. In Lisbon, incorporating PCM wallboards correctly reduces annual heating and cooling needs in 15.1%. Experimental results showed that PCM wallboards suspended in the ceiling can reduce the maximum interior air temperatures in almost 1 ºC. Considering the actual cost (40 €/m2) of the wallboards, very large payback periods were obtained for all cities, showing that incorporating PCM wallboards under these conditions is economically not viable.
EFFECT OF PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS FOR THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF BUILDINGS
The human comfort is one of the important aspects in the buildings. The artificial form of providing comfort in different seasons entitles the energy consumption and cost parameters. The thermal management of the buildings needs the advanced technologies to improve the internal comfort zone and energy usage reduction. The incorporation of the phase change materials (PCM) in the buildings or building components to achiece the human confort by active and passive methods. Implementation of the PCM may be single or multiple with certain technique are investigated to enhance the thermal performance. The objective is to review the thermal management of buildings using phase change materials by analysing the parameters and some models for the future upgradation of the buildings in cost effective approach.
PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS WITH CEILING VENTILATION SYSTEM TO REDUCE SUMMER COOLING LOADS
This work deals with the evaluation of the performances of phase change materials (PCMs) coupled with a ventilated ceiling system in order to reduce summer cooling loads and improve the internal comfort in buildings, thus enhancing the positive effect of night ventilation. Object of the study is the numerical simulation of the thermal behaviour of a typical open space office located in three Italian cities during the summer. Indoor climate is only controlled by means of passive ventilation; a usual ventilation system configuration (i.e. the outdoor air is supplied directly inside the ambient) is compared with another characterised by the PCM activation by means of a ceiling air-PCM exchanger. Both systems provide daily and night ventilation and are aimed to maintain, as much as possible, thermal comfort conditions during the office working hours. The numerical simulations are performed using an explicit dynamical model, with a finite difference discretization, developed on the softw...
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2022
Incorporating phase change material (PCM) into buildings in hot climates is an excellent strategy for better thermal comfort and energy-saving in future smart cities. Nevertheless, PCM elements suffer from adverse temperature behaviour at night due to the dissipation of stored diurnal heat. Night ventilation has been proposed as a promising solution and clean strategy for decreasing indoor building temperature at night and increasing PCM benefits in the following cycle. In this study, the effect of the natural night ventilation (NNV) period on the thermal performance of a room-integrated PCM is investigated experimentally under hot summer conditions in Iraq. Six NNV periods (with 1 h increment) are studied for six consecutive days in terms of average indoor and operative temperature reduction. Moreover, the work is extended to study the average heat gain difference in each day cycle to show the contribution of PCM to energy-saving. The results showed a slight enhancement in the average indoor air temperature of the PCM room compared with another identical no-PCM room regardless of the NNV period due to high outdoor ambient temperature at night. However, NNV for 4 h can reduce the average indoor air temperature by 28.6% compared with 1 h of NNV, whereas a slight extra reduction was achieved for 5 and 6 h. Besides, NNV slightly affected the operative temperature at night against no impact during the day, which was more influenced by the solar radiation and high diurnal ambient temperature. The results further revealed that a total average heat gain difference of 63.1-87.9 W was achieved, in which the roof contributed by more than 44% in each cycle.