Modes of Inhibition ofα-Amylase andα-Glucosidase by Aqueous Extract ofMorinda lucidaBenth Leaf (original) (raw)
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Antidiabetic Indian plants: a good source of potent amylase inhibitors
Evidence-Based …, 2008
Diabetes is known as a multifactorial disease. The treatment of diabetes (Type II) is complicated due to the inherent pathophysiological factors related to this disease. One of the complications of diabetes is post-prandial hyperglycemia (PPHG). Glucosidase inhibitors, particularly α-amylase inhibitors are a class of compounds that helps in managing PPHG. Six ethnobotanically known plants having antidiabetic property namely, Azadirachta indica Adr. Juss.; Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel; Ocimum tenuflorum (L.) (syn: Sanctum); Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (syn: Eugenia jambolana); Linum usitatissimum (L.) and Bougainvillea spectabilis were tested for their ability to inhibit glucosidase activity. The chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts were prepared sequentially from either leaves or seeds of these plants. It was observed that the chloroform extract of O. tenuflorum; B. spectabilis; M. koenigii and S. cumini have significant α-amylase inhibitory property. Plants extracts were further tested against murine pancreatic, liver and small intestinal crude enzyme preparations for glucosidase inhibitory activity. The three extracts of O. tenuflorum and chloroform extract of M. koenigi showed good inhibition of murine pancreatic and intestinal glucosidases as compared with acarbose, a known glucosidase inhibitor.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2013
In the present study various extracts of ten medicinal plants, collected in Iran, were examined for αglucosidase and α-amylase inhibition using an in vitro model. Also total phenol content and antioxidant activity of the extracts were investigated. Various extracts of the plants (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Crataegus oxyacantha, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Morus alba, Portulaca oleracea, Rubus fruticosus, Syzygium aromaticum, Teucrium polium, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Vaccinium arctostaphylos) were prepared using n-hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Methanol, dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts of S. aromaticum exerted high in vitro inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC 50 ranging from 0.3 to 1.1 and 36.2 to 41.9 µg/ml, respectively. The mentioned extracts possessed the highest total phenolic contents (139.8, 119.6 and 136.1 mg GAE/g of extract). The antioxidant activities of the extracts, measured in terms of IC 50 values were 2.2, 3.9 and 0.7 µg/ml, respectively. C. zeylanicum was another traditionally used medicinal plant, which its extracts exhibited high hypoglycaemic effect by inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase (IC 50 ranged from 0.5 to 8.7 and 37.1 to 52.5 µg/ml, respectively). The obtained results support the traditionally use of a number of the analyzed species.
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder affecting about 220 million people worldwide. One of the most critical complications of diabetes is post-prandial hyper-glycemia (PPHG). Glucosidase inhibitor andα-amylase inhibitors are class of compounds that help in managing PPHG. Low-cost herbal treatment is recommended due to their lesser side effect for treatment of diabetes. Two plants with significant traditional therapeutic potential, namely,Gnidia glaucaandDioscorea bulbifera, were tested for their efficiency to inhibitα-amylase andα-glucosidase. Stem, leaf, and flower ofG. glaucaand bulb ofD. bulbiferawere sequentially extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol as well as separately with 70% ethanol. Petroleum ether extract of flower ofG. glaucawas found to inhibitα-amylase significantly (78.56%). Extracts were further tested against crude murine pancreatic, small intestinal, and liver glucosidase enzyme which revealed excellent inhibitory properties.α-glucosidase inhibiti...
Antioxidants
Therapies directed towards controlling hyperglycemia, the hallmark of type-2 diabetes mellitus, go a long way in managing diabetes and its related complications. Reducing glucose level through the inhibition of the relevant carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes is one among many routes in the management of diabetes. This study investigates the in vitro enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant properties of solvent-partitioned fractions of Spondias mombin and Mangifera indica leaves; which are used extensively in the treatment of diabetic patients locally. The leaves of S. mombin and M. indica were extracted with methanol and fractionated to obtain n-hexane (HF), ethyl acetate (EAF), n-butanol (BF), and aqueous (AF) fractions successively. The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of fractions of S. mombin and M. indica leaves were investigated while the antioxidant activity of each fraction was analyzed using iron chelating and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging assay. Our findings indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction of M. indica leaves contained a considerably higher (p < 0.05) amount of total phenolic, flavonoids, metal ion, and ABTS radical scavenging activity than the ethyl acetate fractions of S. mombin. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction of M. indica had a considerably higher (p < 0.05) inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase (IC 50 = 25.11 ± 0.01 µg mL −1), and α-amylase (IC 50 = 24.04 ± 0.12 µg mL −1) activities than the S. mombin fraction. Hence, the inhibitory activities of S. mombin and M. indica leaves suggest that they are a potential source of orally active antidiabetic agents and could be employed to formulate new plant-based pharmaceutical and nutraceutical drugs to improve human health.
Active compounds of plants have potency as antidiabetic that can be used in diabetes mellitus treatment. One of the strategies is maintaining postprandial glucose level through inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase and preventing the hydrolysis of Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) through inhibition of Dipeptidyl peptidase IV. So that pre-prandial and post-prandial glucose levels can be controlled properly. The aim of this study was to determine in vitroinhibitory activity of α-glucosidase, α-amylase and Dipeptidyl peptidase IV from 42 ethanolic extracts of selected Indonesian plants. Inhibitory activity was measured using spectrophotometric method. α-amylase activity was measured at λ= 540 nm, α-glucosidase activity and the DPP-IV activity were measured at λ= 405 nm. Eight extracts inhibit both α-glucosidase and α-amylase better than acarbose as a positive control. These extracts are Camelia sinensis(white, green, fermented), Pometia pinnata, Syzygium polyanthum, Artocarpus heteropyllus, Lagerstroemia speciosa and Persea Americana. The ethanolic extracts have DPP-IV inhibitory activity between 10-20%, lower than Diprotin as positive control, except Camelia sinensis (white) which gave the inhibition more than 30% at 62.5 µg mLG 1 . This study showed us that some extracts have inhibition activity of α-glucosidase, α-amylase and DPP-IV.
Journal of medicinal plant research
In the present study various extracts of ten medicinal plants, collected in Iran, were examined for α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition using an in vitro model. Also total phenol content and antioxidant activity of the extracts were investigated. Various extracts of the plants (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Crataegus oxyacantha, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Morus alba, Portulaca oleracea, Rubus fruticosus, Syzygium aromaticum, Teucrium polium, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Vaccinium arctostaphylos) were prepared using n-hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Methanol, dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts of S. aromaticum exerted high in vitro inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase and α-amylase with ranging from 0.3 to 1.1 and 36.2 to 41.9 µg/ml, respectively. The mentioned extracts possessed the highest total phenolic contents (139.8, 119.6 and 136.1 mg GAE/g of extract). The antioxidant activities of the extracts, measured in terms of IC50 values were 2.2, 3.9 ...
Effect of Natural Products on Some Glycosidases and Their Expected Hypoglycemic Potential
International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review, 2015
: It is to screen many natural product extracts for their in vitro and in vivo effects on the activities of hepatic α-amylase and α-glucosidase to validate their biological importance. Study Design: Different groups of non-diabetic and diabetic rats were treated by different plants for the in vivo study of glycosidases. In vitro effect of the plants on the tested enzymes was studied in presence and absence of their aqueous extract. Place and Duration of Study: Methodology: Enzymes were extracted from the livers of normal rats, also the natural products extracts were prepared for the in vitro studies. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase assays were done in the presence and absence of each plant extract. For the in vivo studies, normal non-diabetic rats were divided into groups, whereas the first group is a control that includes rats fed on normal food diet. The other groups include rats fed on normal food diet mixed with the tested plant leaves (20 IJBCRR, 5(2): 95-106, 2015; Article no.IJBCRR.2015.012 96 mg/g body weight/day) Diabetes was induced in diabetic rats by single intraperitonial injection of streptozotocin. Diabetic rats were divided into groups and treated like the non-diabetic rats. Results: Only Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare extracts showed a significant in vitro dosedependent inhibition on α-amylase with IC 50 values of 0.2±0.01 and 0.37±0.03mg/ml, respectively. However, the in vivo effect was not detected for four weeks treatment for the two enzymes. The in vitro treatment of α-amylase by Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare extracts exhibited a mixedtype inhibition. Moreover, the in vivo inhibition of both extracts on the tested hepatic enzymes was not detected in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed on Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare for four weeks. Blood sugar level was non-significantly decreased with respect to that of nontreated rats. Conclusion: some non anti-diabetic plant extracts possess an in vitro inhibition of glycosidases.
The aim of this study was to invest igate the inhibito ry effect of B. sapida leaf extract on the key enzymes linked to diabetes ( α -amylase and α -glucosidase). The inhibitory effect of the leaf extracts on α -amylase and α -glucosidase activities as well as de termination of mode of inhibition was performed. The results revealed that the aqueous extract of B. sapida was the most potent inhibitor of α -amylase (with IC 50 5.80 mg/ml) while ethanolic extract inhibited α -glucosidase (with IC 50 4.57 mg/ml) most effectively. The curve of Lineweaver-Burke plot revealed that aqueous extract of B. sapida exhibited mixed non-competitive inhibition of α -amylase while ethanolic extract displayed an uncompetitive inhibition of α -glucosidase activities. It can be inferred from this study that the α -amylase and α -glucosidase inhibitory potential of B. sapida may be due to the presence of phytochemicals such as saponins and flavonoids. However, further study is required to isolate the enz...
Potent α-amylase inhibitory activity of Indian Ayurvedic medicinal plants
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011
Background: Indian medicinal plants used in the Ayurvedic traditional system to treat diabetes are a valuable source of novel anti-diabetic agents. Pancreatic α-amylase inhibitors offer an effective strategy to lower the levels of post-prandial hyperglycemia via control of starch breakdown. In this study, seventeen Indian medicinal plants with known hypoglycemic properties were subjected to sequential solvent extraction and tested for α-amylase inhibition, in order to assess and evaluate their inhibitory potential on PPA (porcine pancreatic α-amylase). Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the lead extracts was performed in order to determine the probable constituents. Methods: Analysis of the 126 extracts, obtained from 17 plants (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Adansonia digitata L., Allium sativum L., Casia fistula L., Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don., Cinnamomum verum Persl., Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt., Linum usitatisumum L., Mangifera indica L., Morus alba L., Nerium oleander L., Ocimum tenuiflorum L., Piper nigrum L., Terminalia chebula Retz., Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers., Trigonella foenum-graceum L., Zingiber officinale Rosc.) for PPA inhibition was initially performed qualitatively by starch-iodine colour assay. The lead extracts were further quantified with respect to PPA inhibition using the chromogenic DNSA (3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid) method. Phytochemical constituents of the extracts exhibiting≥ 50% inhibition were analysed qualitatively as well as by GC-MS (Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry).