Utilization of low glycemic index foods and associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients in Debre Markos referral and Finote Selam hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019 (original) (raw)
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SpringerPlus, 2015
Background: Dietary management which is considered to be one of the cornerstones of diabetes care is based on the principle of healthy eating in the context of social, cultural and psychological influences on food choice. In Ethiopia, there is lack of data on the dietary practice of diabetic patients which underestimates its role in the management of diabetes. Hence, this study assesses the level of dietary practices and their associated factors among Type 2 diabetic patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed. A total of 403 study subjects were included in the study. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. The collected data were entered into Epi Info version 3.5.3 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 software packages for further statistical analysis. The data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. The degree of association between dependent and independent variables was assessed using the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and variables with p-value ≤0.05 were considered significant. Results: About 46.4% of the patients were overweight and obese. More than half of the respondents (58.8%) had FBG level ≥ 126 mg/dl. The level of dietary practice among 207 (51.4%) type 2 diabetic patients was poor. Not getting nutrition education in hospitals [AOR = 4.47, 95% CI: (1.92,10.40)], despondency [AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: (1.14,4.02)], facing difficulty to choose foods [AOR = 9.66, 95% CI: (5.12,18.24)], non-availability of fruits and vegetables [AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: (1.03,7.54)], thinking about the high cost of foods [AOR = 2.36,95% CI: (1.18, 4.70)] were the factors significantly associated with the poor dietary practice.
International Journal of Sciences Basic and Applied Research, 2014
The glycemic index (GI) is a measure of the potential of foods containing the same amount of carbohydrate to raise ß-glucose concentration in the blood after a meal. This study was conducted to measure the glycemic index and glycemic load of staple foods used in Tanzania for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Whole grain flours of maize, millet, cassava, dehulled white sorghum and green bananas mixed with sardines (sardinops malanosticta) were prepared into meals in the laboratory of the Department of Food Science and Technology, Sokoine University of Agriculture. Proximate composition of the flours was determined by using AOAC (1995) methods. Glycemic index (GI) was determined according to FAO/WHO (1998) recommendations using 10 respondents. Results showed that, cassava meal had the highest percentage of carbohydrate (83.31%) followed by sorghum (78.16%), maize (72.60%) finger millet (72.12%) and banana meal (17%). There was a significant (p<0.05) difference in carbohydrate content between cassava and the other foods. Regarding GI, results showed that, cassava diet had the lowest value (49.8) followed by maize (51), while banana (57.85) and finger millet (60.92) had medium GI values. Sorghum meal had the highest GI (65.71).
Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2019
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels, either due to insufficient endogenous insulin production by the pancreatic beta cells, known as Type1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) or due to impaired insulin secretion and/or action, known as Type2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). It is a growing public health problem that poses major socioeconomic challenges. Local context: For a long time, there has been marginalization and neglect of our African traditional foods in favor of western diets and lifestyle. This has culminated in an increased prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among Cameroonians in general and North West populations in particular. As at now no scientific research has been carried out to seek solutions to this imminent Non-communicable Disease epidemic. Objective: The general objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status, and dietary management of elderly diabetic patients attending the diabetic clinic in the Bamenda Regional Hospital (BRH). Purpose: The purpose was to provide crucial baseline information that could be used in the planning and implementation of the prevention, control and treatment strategies for T2DM in the Bamenda health district Mezam Division. Methodology: The study design was a cross sectional explorative and analytic design and the sample size consisted of all one hundred and forty (140) elderly diabetic patients receiving treatment at Bamenda Regional Hospital (BRH). Results: The results showed that 71% of the participants had no family history of diabetes. Meanwhile anthropometric assessment showed that there was no significant difference (P<0.05) in the mean weight of the patients, even though 86% of the females were obese compared to their male counterparts (14%). The Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) for all the participants was above the normal range of 126mg/dl.
BMJ Open, 2021
ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess dietary practice and associated factors among patients with diabetes attending the Debre Tabor General Hospital.DesignInstitutional-based cross-sectional study.SettingAmhara regional state, Debre Tabor General Hospital.ParticipantsPatients with diabetes attending the diabetics’ clinic.MeasurementsThe study was conducted from February to March 2016. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants and data were collected using a pretested structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Patients’ dietary practice was assessed using the general advice for diabetic plan containing 11 items. The data were entered using Epi Info V.7 and analysed using SPSS V.20. Binary logistic regressions analysis was used to identify factors associated with poor dietary practice. Adjusted ORs (AORs) with corresponding 95% CI and p˂0.05 were used to identify significant factors affecting poor dietary practice.ResultsA total of 390 patients ...
Methods: Cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample size was determined using a single proportion formula and 245 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were involved in this study. Systematic sampling method was used to select the study subjects. Standard questionnaire was used to collect patient's biographic data, economic data, self-care activities, and patient compliance to medications. Summary statistics of a given data were calculated. Logistic regression model was used to measure the relationship between the outcome and predictor variable. Direction and strength of association was expressed using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Result: More than three-fourth, 191 (80.3%) of diabetic patients had poor glycemic control. Poor glycemic control was found to be 7.03 times higher among diabetic patients with duration of 5-10 years (adjusted odds ratio = 7.03, 95% confidence interval = 2.7-18.6). Similarly, diabetic patients with a duration of above 10 years were poorly controlled their blood sugar level (adjusted odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.028-5.08) in comparison to diabetic patients with a duration of fewer than 5 years. It was also found that compliance with a specific diet was significantly associated with good control of blood sugar level (adjusted odds ratio = 3.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-11.13). Conclusion: The magnitude of patients with poor glycemic control was high. Duration of diabetes and non-compliance with diets high in fruits, vegetables, and diets low in fat and sugar were significantly related to uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Therefore, developing strategies targeted toward improving blood glucose control with special attention to diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with a duration of ⩾5 years and those who poorly comply with their diet was strongly recommended.
Dietary Practice among Type 2 Diabetic Ppatients in Southern Ethiopia
International Journal of Endocrinology, 2021
Background. Diabetic patients’ dietary practice is critical to improve glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure control. However, a significant number of patients had poor dietary practice. In Ethiopia, more than half of diabetic patients were not practicing a healthy dietary approach. Therefore, this study assessed variables that were hardly addressed in previous studies. The aim of this study was to assess dietary practice and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was performed among patients with type 2 diabetes in Arba Minch General Hospital from April 21 to May 20, 2020. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 352 patients. The data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive statistics were performed. All variables in bivariate analysis with p -value <0.25 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model, and statistical signifi...
Dietary Habits of an Ambulatory Diabetic Population at the University Hospital of Conakry, Guinea
Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 2021
Background: A healthy diet is essential for optimal diabetes management. However, dietary habits vary from one region to another, making it challenging to standardize practices. Objective: To describe the diet habits of patients living with diabetes in Guinea. Methods: We conducted a dietary habits survey among 102 patients living with diabetes followed-up at the University Hospital of Conakry in Guinea between January and March 2012. Data were collected by individual interview on the basis of a three-item questionnaire: diabetes data, diet mode, and food composition. Results: In total, 85% of patients were consuming 3 meals daily; 13.7% had a collation and 25% had snacking habits. The meal was individual in 82.4% and collective in 17.6% of patients. The main foods consumed daily were: rice (93.1%), fish (93.1%), palm oil (91.1%), bread (87.2%). Foods consumed regularly (2 to 3 times a week) were: meat (49%), eggs (23.5%), dairy products (34.3%), fruit (43.1%), vegetables (40.2%) and peanut oil (21.5%). The food bans reported were: regular sugar (100%), sodas (62.7%), peanuts (84.3%) and sweetened fruits (55.8%). Conclusion: Combining dietary recommendations and dietary habits is essential for appropriate management of diabetic patients. The assessment of local food glycemic indexes and the training of dietitians remains a challenge in our context.
2016
Background Controlled diet plays a major role in delaying diseases progression among diabetes patients. Diabetes patients often have difficulty of identifying the recommended type, quality and quantity of diet. Knowledge of a recommended diet for diabetes patients influences patient's food selection and dietary pattern .This study aimed to assess the dietary pattern of type 2 diabetes patients in relation to the recommended dietary guideline and identify the patterns with optimal glycemic control. Objective: To assess the dietary pattern and knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on the recommended diet in public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: The study employed Institutional based cross-sectional study design from July 2015 to June 2016.We used a semi quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 67 food items to evaluate the dietary pattern and nutrient intake of type 2 diabetes patients. We identified dietary patterns using factor analysis. The relat...
BMC Endocrine Disorders, 2019
Objective and backgroundIn 2015 approximately 5.0 million people were estimated to have died from diabetes. Poor glycemic control is the most determinant of diabetes-related complication and death. The percentage of patients whose blood glucose level are not well controlled remains high yet. The aim of this study is to identify the determinants of poor glycemic control at the diabetes clinic of the Jimma University Medical Center from April 01 to June 30/2017.MethodsFacility-based case-control study design was conducted on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on follow-up at the diabetes clinic of Jimma University medical center. The consecutive sampling technique was employed and data were collected from April to June 2017. The data were entered using Epidata manager version 4.0.2 and exported to SPSS Version 21 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed and variables with the p-value of less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant determinants of poor glycemic control.ResultThe study was conducted on 410 patients, of which 228 males and 182 females. The determinants of poor glycemic control were comorbidities [Adjusted odd ratio(AOR) = 2.56, 95%CI = 1.10–5.96], lack of self-monitoring blood glucose [AOR = 3.44,95%CI = 1.33–8.94], total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl or more [AOR = 3.62, 95%CI = 1.46–8.97], diabetes duration of greater than 7 years [AOR = 3.08, 95%CI = 1.33–7.16], physical activity of three or less than three days [AOR = 4.79, 95%CI = 1.70–13.53], waist to hip ratio of 0.9 or greater for male and 0.85 or greater for female [AOR = 3.52, 95%CI = 1.23–10.11], being on metformin plus insulin [AOR = 9.22, 95%CI = 2.90–29.35] and being on insulin [AOR = 4.48, 95%CI = 1.52–13.16].ConclusionLack of Self-monitoring blood glucose, presence of comorbidities, duration of diabetes mellitus, physical activity of three or less than three days, total cholesterol of 200 mg/dl or more, waist to hip ratio of 0.9 or greater for male and 0.85 or greater for female, and types of antidiabetic medication were the independent predictors of poor glycemic control. Effort should be made towards reducing these factors by the concerned body.
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
Background: Diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world, and~80% of diabetics live in developing countries. Similar to the rest of sub-Saharan African countries, Ethiopia is experiencing a significant burden of diabetes, with increased prevalence, complications, and mortality, as well as life threatening disabilities. Reasons for poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients are complex and multivariable. Hence, this study aimed to identify challenges and factors associated with poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients. Method: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among type 2 diabetic patients attending the diabetic clinic of Nekemte Referral Hospital (NRH) from February 1 to April 30, 2018. Fasting blood glucose levels of the last three clinic visits were obtained and the mean fasting blood glucose measurement was used to determine the level of glycemic control. Analysis included both descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS version 20.0. Predictor variable P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the total 228 included type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, 51.8% were males. The mean age of patients was 43±12.4 years and 154 (67.5%) were found to not be following their general dietary program correctly. Nearly one third, 73 (32%), of patients never attended diabetic education and 52 (22.8%) of the patients had greater than 10 years' duration on treatment. The majority, 148 (64.9%), of patients had poor blood glucose control. Age 40-60 years (AOR=2.01, 95% CI=0.04-0.06, P=0.044), being illiterate (AOR=3.12, 95% CI=1.52-8.50, P=0.001), having informal education only (AOR=2.28, 95% CI=2.14-32.60, P=0.024), longer duration of diabetes treatment (>10 years) (AOR=3.94, 95% CI=1.51-27.83, P=0.012), inadequate physical exercise (AOR=3.19, 95% CI=1.05-19.84, P=0.019), and smoking (AOR=4.51, 95% CI=0.00-0.50, P=0.022) were independent predictors of poor glycemic control on multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Nearly two-thirds of patients had poorly controlled diabetes. Age, exercise, level of education, duration of the treatment, and smoking were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Health facilities should provide continuous education, and barriers of glycemic control should be explored with further research.