A STUDY TO ASSESS THE AVERAGE AGE OF MENOPAUSE AND MENOPAUSE ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS AMONG RURAL WOMEN IN MANGALORE, KARNATAKA (original) (raw)
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Knowledge and Experience of Menopause -A Rural Based Study in Aligarh
The menopause is a transitional phase in women's life.The level of oestrogen is decreased ,because of which a variety of symptoms such as hot flushes, mucosal dryness, excessive sweating, emotional fluctuations, psychoses, decreased strength and calcification of bones occurs. Attitudes, perception and expectations are part of the psychosocial phenomenon surrounding menopause. Natural menopause is diagnosed after 12 months of amenorrhoea not associated with a pathological cause. Menopause is a gradual process that lasts for about 2 years, called climacteric. It is normal and should not be taken as a disease or syndrome. The aim of this study was to find out the knowledge and experience of menopausal symptoms among women who had attained menopause. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during Jan-Feb in 2010 in the rural areas of Jawan, Aligarh. The study population comprised of women (40-60 years) who had attained menopause. The women with a history of surgical menopause (i.e. history of surgical removal of both the ovaries with or without hysterectomy) were excluded from the study.A total of 100 females were taken. Informed consent was taken from each participant. Questionnaires were prepared for the study. Data was collected and analysed using SPSS software. Results Most of the females under study reported complaint of backache, followed by complaint of body ache. This was followed by history of hot flushes and night sweats in most of them. About half of females gave complaint of insomnia and loss of memory. Most of females under study knew that menopause is a natural process.53% of females were happy about menstrual cessation but 47% were worried about it. Only 2% of females under study had heard about HRT. Before attaining menopause, 73% of females under study were aware about the age of menopause and 23% were aware about few menopausal symptoms. Conclusion Knowledge, attitude and menopausal symptoms in studied population were not very different from other studies reported within the country and abroad. Medical care providers should be encouraged to educate women about menopause, its symptoms, consequences and treatment options. There should be menopause clinics in the health centres.
Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Background Menopause is a natural process that results in atresia of almost all oocytes in ovaries, causing an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels and a decrease in estrogen levels. Menopausal symptoms impact physical, psychological, vasomotor, and sexual health-related quality of life among women. Aim and objective The study was planned with the aim to assess the commonly reported menopausal symptoms among rural women of Central India, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, using the menopause rating scale (MRS). Materials and methods An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Memorial Medical College Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, for a period of 6 months. In all, 199 patients who had attained menopause were analyzed. Menopausal symptoms were assessed using modified MRS). Quantitative data were presented as frequencies and percentages by using SPSS version 21. Results Two hundred Q...
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2014
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Medico-social dimensions of menopause: A cross-sectional study from rural south India
The National medical journal of India
The quality of life of the increasing ageing population is becoming an important issue in India. There are very little data on the effect of menopause on women, especially from rural India. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on perceptions regarding menopause, prevalence of menopausal symptoms and association of family environmental factors with menopausal symptoms among 100 postmenopausal and 100 premenopausal rural women in south India. Fifty-seven per cent of postmenopausal women perceived menopause as convenient. Sixty-nine per cent of them complained of diminishing abilities after menopause. Twenty-three per cent felt that sexual life ends with the onset of menopause. Sixteen per cent reported that their husbands had become disinterested in them after menopause and I1% were apprehensive about the loss of femininity. A higher proportion of postmenopausal women reported hot flushes, night sweats, urge incontinence and other somatic symptoms as compared to prem...
International journal of applied & basic medical research, 2020
Background:Demographic and epidemiological transitions have increased the life expectancy of middle aged women, resulting in higher burden of morbidities related to menopausal symptoms and also effect the quality of life (QOL).Objectives:To study the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and its effect on QOL among rural middle aged women (40–60 years) of Haryana, India.Materials and Methods:A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in 400 middle aged women (40–60 years) from April 2018 to March 2019 by random sampling technique. The menopause rating scale was used to assess the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and the QOL and data were collected for sociodemographic factors, relevant menstrual history and other variables.Results:Prevalence of menopausal symptoms was found to be 87.7%. Majority of the study subjects had anxiety (80%), followed by physical and mental exhaustion (71.5%), sleep problem (61.2%), irritability (60.7%), Joint and muscular discomfort (56%) and heart problems (54%). The most classical symptom of menopause i.e., hot flushes were reported in 36.7%. The mean age of menopause was 47.53 standard deviation 4.5 years. Statistical significant difference was seen for the mean score of few symptoms i.e., hot flushes, sweating (P < 0.003) and joint and muscular discomfort (P < 0.014) between post and peri-menopausal groups. The QOL was impaired in 70.2% of study subjects. The psychological symptoms attributed 70.8% to the poor QOL.Conclusion:To improve the QOL and to decrease the menopausal symptoms in these women, a holistic approach in the form of lifestyle and behavioral modification are required.
International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2017
whose symptoms were severe and the resulting discomfort greatly diminish the quality of life. [1] Many a time women are unaware of menopausal symptoms experienced by them. [2] Worldwide natural menopause occurs between the age of 45 and 55 years. [3] Mean age at menopause for Indian women ranges from 40.32 to 48.84 years and in developed countries from 48 to 51 years. [4] In 1990, there were about 467 million postmenopausal women worldwide and it is expected to rise to 1200 million by 2030. Of these, 76% will be living in the developing countries. [3] The Reproductive and Child Health program covers women of reproductive age group (15-45 years) and adolescents. No specific health program in the country has been planned so as to give enough attention to postmenopausal women. Even though menopause is a natural phenomenon, it causes quite physical, mental, and emotional imbalance in the women's Background: Even though menopause is a natural phenomenon, it causes symptoms ranging from vasomotor symptoms to sleep disturbance, mood disorders, loss of sexual desire, and vaginal dryness. During the menopausal transition, women may experience a variety of symptoms. Many a time women are unaware of these symptoms and they do not seek treatment for the same. Objective: (1) To assess menopausal-related symptoms among middle-aged women using menopause rating scale (MRS) and (2) to assess the severity of symptoms according to the menopausal status of women. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 425 middle-aged women residing in field practice areas of Urban Health Training Center of present teaching hospital. The menopausal status is classified according to STRAW + 10 classifications. The English version of the MRS questionnaire was used as a tool for assessing menopausal symptoms. Results: Of 425 women evaluated, the mean age of attaining menopause was 42.8 years. Menopause-related symptoms were present among 304 (71.5%) women. Majority of women suffered joint and muscular discomfort (62.6%), 47.5% had hot flushes, and physical as well as mental exhaustion. Logistic regression analysis reveals that postmenopausal women had highest prevalence of menopausal symptoms as compared to other groups. Conclusion: Age of attaining menopause was bit lower in present study. Availability of treatment modalities for various menopause-related symptoms requires women's attention to improve their quality of life.
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2021
Background: Menopause is a part of every woman's life. It is the stage when the menstrual period permanently stops. This stage usually occurs between the age of 40 and 60 years associated with hormonal, physical, psychological changes .These changes can occurs can occur gradually or abruptly. It can start as early as the age of 30 and last until as late as the age of 60years. It can also occur when the ovaries are removed or stopped functioning. Symptoms include irregular menstruation, changes in sexual desire, hot flushes, vaginal dryness and urinary problems changes in appearances, mood changes sleep disturbances palpitations and backache. When the body produce less estrogen and progesterone, the parts of the body that depends on estrogen to keep them healthy will react and this often causes the discomfort in women. Aim: To assess the Physiological and Psychological changes among menopausal women in the selected Rural area, Dehradun. Material and Methods: Non-experimental exploratory descriptive survey design (Nonprobability convenient sampling technique) was used for sample selection. Maldevta Raipur village at Dehradun. Participants 150 women's fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria selected by convenient sampling technique for the study. Data was collected by two tools section 1) Demographic variables of the participants, 2) Menopause rating scale. Collected data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: On analysis, the study revealed that majority of symptoms were dryness of vagina in 98%, Anxiety in 96.7%, Irritability in 96%, Depressive mood in 94%, Joint and muscular discomfort in 88.7%, Sexual problems in 87.3%, Sleep problems in 86.7%, Heart discomfort in 80%, Physical and mental exhaustion in 79.3%, Hot flushes in 52.7% and Bladder problems in 52%. Out of the total 98% samples who had severity of symptoms regarding urogenital (dryness of vagina) .The mean, mean % and SD of menopausal rating scale. The mean percentage for somatic score was 43.96 %, psychological score was 52.38 % and urogenital score was 50.67 %. Therefore overall mean scores of respondents were found to be 21.34, mean percentage 48.5 % with standard deviation 5.67. Out of the eight demographic variables selected for the study only two is found to be significantly associated with the physiological and psychological change i.e, menopausal women. It was found that with severity of symptoms in age group (55-59) and occupation status (housewife), of menopausal women regarding menopause. Conclusion: The finding of the study revealed that the most of the severity of symptoms related to menopause in women's has got positive impact on healthy quality of life.