The Effects of Anxiety on Sports Performance (original) (raw)
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The level of anxiety as a facilitating or inhibiting factor in sports performance
The „Black Sea” Journal of Psychology, 2023
The research part of the paper is based on four hypotheses that aim to verify the following correlations: correlations between sports anxiety and anxiety as a feature, then between cognitive anxiety and self-esteem, correlations between anxiety in team sports and individual sports. Sport anxiety and sport performance were also investigated, as well as exploring sport anxiety to reduce it and increase athletes' sport performance. Regarding this, three online questionnaires were administered to a group of 90 athletes (48 from individual sports and 42 from team sports) of both female and male gender, for a period of 6 months. The team sports were basketball and football and the individual sports were gymnastics, martial arts and wrestling. The respective questionnaires represented the research instruments and were as follows: ASQ, Rosemberg and CSAI 2. The research aimed to find out through the results obtained whether anxiety in its forms, as a characteristic, or cognitive influences positively or negatively the performance outcomes of athletes. At the same time, it was found that self-esteem represents an important factor in helping to reduce cognitive anxiety, and even more importantly, it helps athletes to use anxiety effectively. It has been found that sports performance is affected by anxiety, especially in elite athletes, who feel a major pressure on their way to competitive success. Correlations between the ASQ and subscales of the CSAI-2 test found that anxious individuals already have a background for developing greater sport anxiety, interpreting certain situations negatively, compared to individuals who are more positive.
EFFECT OF ANXIETY ON ATHLETE'S PERFORMANCE (A CASE STUDY
Anxiety is a psychological concept which remains under consideration of the performers and coaches simultaneously. Practitioners though amateur and professionals those who are found involved in sports are essentially required to be well of aware of anxiety related symptoms, so as to overcome with the personal efforts. Once awareness is developed it becomes prudent to deal with anxiety and its allied issues. Athletics are very common parts of sports and are commonly and regularly conducted to keep the students active participative and courageous to be competitive and if possible become the part of institution team. Though it is expected that the participation in sports should be expertise based to avoid injuries but at the school and university level it goes beyond it and the non-professionals participate of their own without the evident consequences. It is not only the beginners but the professional do come across certain types of anxiety especially in athletics. Statistical analysis shows that Majority of the athlete's feel lack of confidence before competition and they feel worry about criticism on their performance.
Advanced psychological strategies and anxiety responses in sport
Sport Psychologist, 2008
This study examined the use of four advanced psychological strategies (i.e., simulation training, cognitive restructuring, preperformance routines, and overlearning of skills) and subsequent competitive anxiety responses. Semistructured interviews were employed with eight highly elite athletes from a number of team and individual sports. Participants reported using each strategy to enable them to interpret their anxiety-response as facilitative to performance. Only cognitive restructuring and overlearning of skills were perceived by the participants to exert an influence over the intensity of cognitive symptoms experienced. The perceived causal mechanisms responsible for these effects included heightened attentional focus, increased effort and motivation, and perceived control over anxiety-related symptoms. These findings have implications for the practice of sport psychology with athletes debilitated by competitive anxiety in stressful situations.
Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2020
Over decades of sports studies and sport psychology in particular, a very strong psychological construct that has serious connection to sports performance is anxiety. The performance of sports participants especially athletes could negatively be affected by anxiety before and during sports competitions if not well managed. This paper is a documentary review and evidence of the dynamics of precompetitive anxiety with emphasis on how to manage it through sociological and psychological interventions in order to enhance sports performance. The paper addresses the concept of anxiety and pre-competitive anxiety, signs and symptoms of pre-competitive anxiety, such as; fear, loss of confidence, poor concentration, indecision, sense of confusion, among others. The paper equally x-rays the sociological forces (i.e. environment, weather, size of the venue, etc.) and psychological forces (fear, low self-esteem, etc.) necessitating pre-competitive anxiety. Some of the interventions that could be made to manage pre-competitive anxiety include; building mental strength, mental imagery rehearsal, among others.
Impact of Sports Anxiety on Sports Performance of Players
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2021
This study aimed to assess the impact of sports anxiety on the sports performance of players. The sample was comprised of 110 sports players (68 males, 42 females). The data was collected by using the probability sampling technique of purposive sampling from Sports Players that belong to Bahawalpur and Multan cities of Punjab Province. The age range of the respondents of this cross-sectional research was from 18 to 35years. Demographic information such as age, gender, qualifications, Area, marital status, socioeconomic status, and which kind of sport they play was also asked from them. Two questionnaires were utilized for the purpose of data collection, one was a 15-item, The Sport Competition Anxiety Test, and the second was a 6-item, Athlete’s Subjective Performance Scale. After data collection, SPSS (1.0.0.1406latest 21 version) was used for the analysis. The findings showed that if the sports anxiety increases, the sports performance of the player will decrease and vice versa (r...
Examination of Anxiety Levels: Practice vs. Competition among High School Track and Field Athletes
International Journal of Sports Science, 2021
Somatic and cognitive state anxiety levels can increase before a competitive event which can result in decreased performance and increase injury risk. Identifying situations that could cause high levels of anxiety are important so that proper anxiety management techniques can be implemented. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare levels of somatic and cognitive anxiety as well as self-confidence among high school track and field athletes prior to practice and competition. METHODS: One high school track and field team (n=16: male n=8, female n=8) completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) survey prior to competition and again prior to practice. The CSAI-2 contains three subscales (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence). The CSAI-2 subscale scores were compared between the pre-practice and the pre-competition scenarios with paired t-tests (α<0.05). RESULTS: Statistical differences in the subscale scores (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence) were found between practice and the competition (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the parameters of this study, anxiety appears to be higher and self-confidence lower prior to a competition versus practice. Future research should examine if such a relationship exists among other high school sports.
JOURNAL OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATIVE RESEARCH, 2021
Athletes' star reputation is respected in the sporting community. Athletic personality is similar to coping mechanisms and strategies. This helps athletes deal with stressors like anxiety. Due to trait dominance, individuals use different coping strategies. The relative dominance and coping mechanism that contribute to the achievement of that attribute can be necessary for a coach to comprehend. A competitive sportsperson may likely endure the pressure of competitiveness. Studying competitive anxiety symptoms improved effort, resisting opposing behaviors, and overcoming challenges, which included emotional and motivational effects. engaged with feelings of defeat and/or disengagement When nervous or afraid, work efficiency is inhibited. US Elite athletes use visualization to assist with motivation, concentration, and success. People who want a particular result stimulate their brains further. Olympic gold medalist Michael Phelps knows the importance of imagery. Setting tough targets produces more performance than trying to "do your job" (without established goals). The direct association between expectations and behavior is unwarranted. There are other approaches to attain results, such as striving tirelessly to meet your targets while always seeking to fulfill them. Numerous Study is focused on activities to enhance memory, different psychological factors, and sporting performance. Neurofeedback is used to increase cognition. Many studies show that anxiety has diminished and confidence improved when confronted with challenges. a way to relax and revitalize one's talents to feel more competitive Athletics: Practicing yoga creates a calm state of mind, greater selective concentration, focusing, and willingness to cope with frustration. All the figures' factors affect the psychological variables during, before, and during the play. The figures1 demonstrates the complex interdependence between various psychological strengths and performance-enhancing techniques in athletics.
Sport-related anxiety: current insights
Open access journal of sports medicine, 2017
To date, much research has been devoted to understanding how anxiety can affect sport performance, both in practice and in competitive settings. It is well known that sport has the potential for high levels of stress and anxiety, and that practicing and employing a range of psychological strategies can be beneficial in anxiety management. Equally, growing evidence also suggests that anxiety can play a role in sport injury prevention, occurrence, rehabilitation, and the return to sport process. The purpose of this paper is to provide current insights into sport-related anxiety. More specifically, it will provide the reader with definitions and theoretical conceptualizations of sport-related anxiety. This will be followed by making a case for considering the term "performance" to be broader than activities associated with sport-related performance in practice and competition, by including performance activities associated with sport injury prevention, rehabilitation, and the...
Levels of Anxiety in Sports During Training and Competition Among Students of Physical Education
2015
The intellectual capability in games and sports is normally measured in relation to general cognitive-somatic techniques including mental preparation of visualizing cognitive behavior therapy and muscle relaxation in demonstration to a particular sports as originate its ability to supervise itself, as results were acquired to achieve through modified mental skills training, which is important to implement the cognitive-somatic therapy. The psychological skills training has designed with combined methods to achieve psychological skill necessities among athletes as viewed by any single individual athlete satisfying courses based on their psychological condition of the individual in sports competitions. It is important to describe the physical skills training methods as these employ psychological impact in contributing the need to develop confidence and concentration among athletes as it has become necessary tool used to help improving the Physical training skills as early research pre...
A Competitive Anxiety Review: Recent Directions in Sport Psychology Research
This chapter provides a review and discussion of the recent move towards the positive aspects and consequences of competitive anxiety. Following a description of competitive stress-related terminologies, conceptual and psychometric developments are considered including the notion of directional anxiety interpretations. The commentary then focuses on the theories and models that outline the potential positive aspects of anxiety in relation to athletic performance. Applied implications and future research directions are also discussed together with a number of explicatory statements regarding the nature of the precompetitive stress experience in sport.