SIGFIS: A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE USE OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE STATE OF PERNAMBUCO (original) (raw)

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) as a decision making tool for rural water services

2014

This paper presents the best practices of World Vision Uganda (WVU) in integrating GIS with conventional planning and management decision support tools to improve evidence-based planning, reporting and resource acquisition for water service delivery. An online GIS field reporting system was designed to track and monitor the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) interventions within communities. Staff and community members were trained in geo-spatial data collection processes using Global Positioning System (GPS) equipments. The GIS data was analysed in ArcGIS to determine the level of accessibility and functionality of these water sources. The catchment of each water source was identified and the gaps in access to water sources was visually noted and prioritized during subsequent water resource planning and allocation. GIS has streamlined and simplified the traditional process of collecting data by creating a single repository for project data to be recorded, reviewed, approved, upda...

Geographical Information System for Sustainable Management of Water Resources

—Fresh water deficit is one of the most important global problems today. In the countries with scarce water resources, they often become a reason of armed conflicts. The peaceful settlement of relations connected with management and water consumption issues within and beyond the frontiers of the country is an important guarantee of the region stability. The said problem is urgent in Georgia as well because of its water objects are located at the borders and the transit runoff that is 12% of the total one. Fresh water resources are the major natural resources of Georgia. Despite of this, water supply of population at its Eastern part is an acute issue. Southeastern part of the country has been selected to carry out the research. This region is notable for deficiency of water resources in the country. The region tends to desertification which aggravates fresh water problem even more and presumably may lead to migration of local population from the area. The purpose of study was creation geographical information system (GIS) of water resources. GIS contains almost all layers of different content (water resources, springs, channels, hydrological stations, population water supply, etc.). The results of work provide an opportunity to identify the resource potential of the mentioned region, control and manage it, carry out monitoring and plan regional economy.

Geographic Information System - GIS, a view from the water resource

This research paper presents an overview of the state of the art Geographic Information Systems -GIS, which has been defined and characterized important aspects about these systems and their contribution to the analysis of water bodies from various use and development, which allows the achievement of the Platform for water Resources Network of the Colombian Caribbean

Analyzing Water Management Issues Using GIS: The Case of Nigeria

In the past several years, Nigeria continues to experience robust economic development with growth rates surpassing those of her neighbors. Added to all these are pressures from rising population spread across different eco-regions and a growing demand for water use to meet the needs of different segments of the economy. With that have come water stress, limiting access, and degradation compounded by incoherent policy in water management in the country despite vast hydrological endowments. Notwithstanding policy efforts and provisions supporting proper management under various jurisdictions, water access remains a big issue in Nigeria where it is yet to be accorded priority. Seeing the various guidelines designed to safeguard aquatic ecosystems, the regulatory framework has been ineffective in containing the widespread discharge of toxics into surface water environments. The fact that current lapses in water management threaten the environment and public health in Nigeria, no effort has been made to assess the trends from a mix-scale perspective. Without that approach, managers lose sight of locational severity, the tracking of stressors and factors impeding water use. Accordingly, the study analyses water management issues in Nigeria using mix-scale method of GIS and descriptive statistics. Emphasizing the issues, environmental analysis, factors fuelling the problems and ongoing initiatives, results show declines in water quality, widespread degradation, limited access and growing demand. With the issues linked to various elements, GIS assessment reveals a steady dispersion of socioeconomic factors as well as diffusion of stressors in some areas. Despite current initiatives, Nigeria's water environment remains under stress with projected deficits. To deal with the issue, this research recommends the need for improved policy, regular monitoring, and the design of data infrastructure, sustainable use and regional cooperation.

GIS FOR EFFECTIVE WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE: A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL SCHOOL OF SURVEYING, OYO, OYO EAST L.G.A., OYO STATE, NIGERIA

Developing systems to manage and maintain water distribution networks is an indispensable operation in the realm of effective and sustainable harnessing of water resources. This study uses GIS to investigate the water distribution network of Federal School of Surveying, Oyo, Oyo East L.G.A. Oyo state, Nigeria. The objective is to create a geo-database that supports improved operations and performance for the purpose of serving as a Decision Support System (DSS). The data as used were the downloaded satellite imagery (raster data) covering the study area, ground coordinates (vector data) obtained through automated ground surveying techniques and attribute data obtained through social survey. Different analyses were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the application of GIS in the management and administration of efficient water distribution network. The generated results can be employed to facilitate decision making processes towards realization of a sustainable water distribution networks cum management. The study has further demonstrated the suitability of GIS techniques in studying water distribution networks for effective administration and management. KEYWORD: Decision Support System, Geographic Information System, Geomatic Engineering, Database, Spatial Analyses.

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

Water resources projects are inherited with overlapping and at times conflicting objectives. These projects are often of varied sizes ranging from major projects with command areas of millions of hectares to very small projects implemented at the local level. Thus, in all these projects there is seldom proper coordination which is essential for ensuring collective sustainability.

Spatial Distribution of Public Potable Water Facilities Using GIS Technique in Misau Town, Bauchi State. Nigeria

In an attempt to achieve the target for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in respect of reducing halve the population without access to safe drinking water, developing countries require extra efforts to achieve this target. Misau town is an area that has inadequate pipe borne water supply due to breaking down of engines that pump the water and problems due to power supply (electricity). Other reliable sources of water are boreholes and well which also have the same problem due to improper construction and location. However, the geology of the area is a basement complex; as such the ground water is very deep.This paper presents an overview of GIS application to analyze the spatial distribution of public potable waterfacilities and to provide effective planning and distribution of water supply network. Thisstudy examine the spatial distribution of public potable water supply sources in Misau town with the intention of mapping out the supplying network, extension of the location of new facilities, depicts the pattern of the supply and analyze the area with high and low concentration and distributions of water facilities. In 2002 study was conducted by Ishaku Hamza (Geography Department Bayero University Kano) to analyze water supply problems in Misau Town and hence suggestions were made. However, there was little or no improvement in the distribution of public potable water in Misau Town. However the study shows thatIncrease in population and rapid expansion of Town are factors that result to inadequate supply and distribution of public potable water facilities in Misau Town, Bauchi State. I. INTRODUCTION Water is a critical resource. As human populations increase, careful management of our water supplies becomes ever more important, both to satisfy human needs and to protect the environments of other species. In Nigeria, availability of water controls the spatial distribution of populationsand Settlements, modern water supply networks are usually those situated along the major trade and transportation networks. All improved water supply in Nigeria is from public water supplies (Oyebande 2005). However, the pattern of water supply varies from one settlement to another, generally as the population of a settlement increases, the service efficiency to the expanding population will decreases. This usually creates the disparity in supply of water to different areas of the settlement. Access to clean water is a growing political issue around the world.In 1977, basic survival needs were stressed at the Mar del Plata conference, a major international effort to address world water problems organized by the United Nations. The issue of the right to basic water need was illustrated by the statement that " All people have the right to access drinking water in quantity and quality equal to their basic needs ". As world population grow, the societies are challenged to provide clean water sanitation services of significant concern in meeting basic human and ecological needs for water, vital for survival and good health. Many societies struggle to allocate sufficient resources to meet those needs for all of their people. Access to safe and reliable supply and distribution of public potable water facilities is a major challenge in many communities in Nigeria. Human survival can be threatened not only by weapon, disease or starvation but also by lack of water. However the countries most recognize water as fundamental human rights. Hence, Water makes life possible as without it, life and civilization cannot develop or survive for human and economic development. GIS is a general-purpose technology for handling geographic data in digital form. Its abilities include: preprocessing data into a form suitable for analysis, supporting spatial analysis and modeling directly, and postprocessing results (Goodchild, 1993). GISs offer a spatial representation of water resource systems. Application of Geographical information system (GIS) in this study area provides a framework that will identify different types of water facilities in existence, Produce large scale facility map that will show the locations and distribution potable water facilities and to provide information that will help in improving the water facilities in Misau Town area of Bauchi State.

Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in water resources: A review

Water Resources Management, 1996

Increasing public awareness, stricter measures and promulgation of new laws in the area of water resources have made the use of advanced technologies indispensable. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are an effective tool for storing, managing, and displaying spatial data often encountered in water resources management. The application of GIS in water resources is constantly on the rise. In order to stress the importance of GIS in water resources management, applications related to this area are addressed and evaluated for efficient future research and development. Fundamentals of GIS are summarized and the history of the GIS evolution in water resources is discussed. Current GIS applications are presented including surface hydrologic and groundwater modeling, water supply and sewer system modeling, stormwater and nonpoint source pollution modeling for urban and agricultural areas, and other related applications. Future research and development needs are presented, based on these reviews.

Use of GIS as a Tool for Integrated Water Resources Management in the City of Parakou, Benin

European Scientific Journal, ESJ

Water, a source of life, is the habitat, food, means of production and transportation and is threatened by irregular rainfall and evaporation. The objective of this study is to contribute with the help of GIS to a better management of water resources in the city of Parakou. To achieve this objective, the methodological approach was based on the collection, processing and analysis of data through the SWOT model. The sample consisted of 109 individuals distributed in the three districts of the city of Parakou. The study revealed that the water resources available in the city of Parakou are of three types (rainwater, surface water and groundwater). These resources are constantly decreasing due to the downward trend in rainfall with a slope of -3.99mm. In addition, the growing population with a growth rate (4.9%) from 2002 to 2013 and the poor use of these resources influence its availability. The unequal distribution of waterworks (58.94%) for the first arrondissement and 41.06% for th...

Role of Geographical Information System in Water Resources And Management - An Overview

IJSRD, 2014

Water is one valuable resource and is a primary necessity for the people, agricultural production and for the industries. Looking in to the history of the numerical modeling in the water resources area it can be seen that the general trend of modeling approach is moving from periods of ‗function-centric‘,‘data-centric‘ and ‗map-centric ‗where models would be supported by or written in GIS. This paper attemps to aware role of Geographical Information System (GIS) and the contribution of Remote Sensing (RS) in Water Resources Management.Presanted work describes importance of GIS in the flood plain management,hydrologic modeling,spatial information, watershed delination,water quality assessment and planning,Constructing a ground water simulation model and connecting the spatially referenced time series data. Limitations and constraint working with GIS mention in the presented work. Also advantages and dis advantages using GIS are narrated in the paper.