Tendency and consequences of superparasitism for the parasitoid Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in parasitizing a new laboratory host, Philosamia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) (original) (raw)
2016, European Journal of Entomology
These parameters are very important for producing parasitoids that perform well both in a laboratory and the fi eld. However, superparasitism can adversely affect the quality of the parasitoid. Superparasitism refers to the oviposition behaviour of parasitoid females that lay eggs in previously parasitized hosts (Gu et al., 2003; Gandon et al., 2006; Dorn & Beckage, 2007). Superparasitism can adversely affect offspring fi tness as they have to compete for resources (van Alphen & Visser, 1990). Superparasitism, however, is recorded in certain situations such as (i) when two or more females search together in a patch, (ii) when unparasitized hosts are rare (egg-limited parasitoid model) and (iii) when females have many mature eggs (time limited model) (
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