Biochemical Profile and In Vitro Therapeutic Properties of Two Euhalophytes, Halocnemum strobilaceum Pall. and Suaeda fruticosa (L.) Forske., Grown in the Sabkha Ecosystem in the Algerian Sahara (original) (raw)
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Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2008
Halophyte ability to withstand salt-triggered oxidative stress is governed by multiple biochemical mechanisms that facilitate retention and/or acquisition of water, protect chloroplast functioning, and maintain ion homeostasis. Most essential traits include the synthesis of osmolytes, specific proteins, and antioxidant molecules. This might explain the utilization of some halophytes as traditional medicinal and dietary plants. The present study aimed at assessing the phenolic content and antioxidant activities of some Tunisian halophytes (Cakile maritima, Limoniastrum monopetalum, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, M. edule, Salsola kali, and Tamarix gallica), depending on biological (species, organ and developmental stage), environmental, and technical (extraction solvent) factors. The total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities (DPPH and superoxide radicals scavenging activities, and iron chelating and reducing powers) were strongly affected by the above-cited factors. Such variability might be of great importance in terms of valorising these halophytes as a source of naturally secondary metabolites, and the methods for phenolic and antioxidant production. To cite this article: R. Ksouri et al., C. R. Biologies 331 (2008). Résumé Influence des facteurs biologiques, environnementaux et techniques sur les teneurs en polyphénols et les activités antioxydantes des halophytes tunisiennes. La capacité des halophytes à surmonter le stress oxydatif déclenché par la salinité est régi par de multiples mécanismes biochimiques qui facilitent le maintien et/ou l'acquisition de l'eau, la protection des chloroplastes et le maintien de l'homéostasie ionique. Ces traits comprennent essentiellement la biosynthèse d'osmolytes, de protéines spécifiques et de molécules antioxydantes. D'où, l'utilisation traditionnelle de ces halophytes comme plantes à intérêts médicinales et alimentaires. On se propose, dans ce travail d'évaluer les teneurs en polyphénols et les activités antioxydantes de quelques halophytes tunisiennes (Cakile maritima, Limoniastrum monopetalum, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, M. edule, Salsola kali et Tamarix gallica) en fonction des facteurs biologiques, environnementaux et techniques. L'analyse des résultats a montré que les teneurs en polyphénols, les activités antiradicalaires et les pouvoirs chélateur et réducteur sont significativement affectés par ces différents facteurs. Une telle variabilité pourrait être d'une grande importance dans la valorisation de ces halophytes comme source naturelle de biosynthèse d'antioxydants. Pour citer cet article : R. Ksouri et al., C. R. Biologies 331 (2008).
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of Tunisian halophyte Suaeda mollis
Journal of applied biotechnology & bioengineering, 2023
The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties of Tunisian Suaeda mollis specie after fractionation by increasing polarity of several extracts (Hexane, Dichloromerthane, Methanol and water). Water and methanol extracts of S. mollis exhibited the best in vitro antioxidant ability (2.92±0.19 and 2.77±0.21 µmol TE/mg, respectively), while, dichloromethane extract displayed the highest ex vivo antioxidant activity with an IC 50 equal to 1.73 µg/ml. Besides, hexane extract showed an important anti-inflammatory effect inhibiting NO with 55.9% at 160 µg/ml. Finally, dichloromethane extract displayed a potent anticancer activity against cancerous cells A-549 with an IC 50 equal to 70±7 µg/ml as well as non cancerous cells Detroit-551 and WS1 (IC 50 =81±1 and 62±5 µg/ml, respectively) using resazurin test. Moreover, hexane extract is efficient against Caco-2 (IC 50 =122 µg/ml). Overall, the results suggested that biological activities are influenced by solvent polarity and extractability.
ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND PHENOLIC COMPOSITION OF COASTAL HALOPHYTES COMMONLY USED AS MEDICINE
Halophytes are well adapted in extreme environmental conditions, regulation of secondary metabolism is one of the keys of their success. In this study five coastal halophytes i.e. Atriplex stocksii, Cressa cretica, Heliotropium bacciferum, Ipomea pes-caprae and Salsola imbricate, which are well known for their therapeutic properties were investigated for their antioxidant activity and polyphenol composition. Medicinal halophytes showed considerable antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH (14.4-64.8 I%), ABTS (22.6-230.6 µMol TE g-1), FRAP (0.5-5.6 mMol Fe +2 g-1) and TAC (17.6-36.1 mg AsA g-1). Results indicated that these plants also contained high amount of total phenols (7.7-29.6 mg GAE g-1), flavonoids (4.2-17.3 mg QE g-1) and proanthocynadins (0.2-0.6 mg CE g-1). Among these, I. pes-caprae and C. cretica had the highest antioxidant activity and polyphenolic contents. High correlation among antioxidant activity assays (r = 0.877-0.999) indicated the radical scavenging and reducing power abilities of these plants. Similarly, strong correlations (r = 0.654-0.953) among antioxidant activity measurements and polyphenolic composition suggested that phenolic compounds contributed mainly to the antioxidant activity of these plants. Present study reveals coastal halophytes as rich sources of natural antioxidants, which could be used in herbal formulations, pharmaceuticals/ nutraceuticals, food additives and cure for ailments related to oxidative stress. Furthermore, these plants could be grown using saline resources and provide bioactive raw material with high industrial and economic value.
Maritime Halophyte Species from Southern Portugal as Sources of Bioactive Molecules
Marine Drugs, 2014
Extracts of five halophytes from southern Portugal (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum, Mesembryanthemum edule, Juncus acutus, Plantago coronopus and Halimione portulacoides), were studied for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and in vitro antitumor properties. The most active extracts towards the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical were the methanol extracts of M. edule (IC 50 = 0.1 mg/mL) and J. acutus (IC 50 = 0.4 mg/mL), and the ether extracts of J. acutus (IC 50 = 0.2 mg/mL) and A. macrostachyum (IC 50 = 0.3 mg/mL). The highest radical scavenging activity (RSA) against the 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical was obtained in the ether extract of J. acutus (IC 50 = 0.4 mg/mL) and H. portulacoides (IC 50 = 0.9 mg/mL). The maximum total phenolic content (TPC) was found in the methanol extract of M. edule (147 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g) and in the ether extract of J. acutus (94 mg GAE/g). Significant decreases in nitric oxide (NO) production were observed after incubation of macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the chloroform extract of H. portulacoides (IC 50 = 109 µg/mL) and the hexane extract of P. coronopus (IC 50 = 98.0 µg/mL). High
Molecules
Halophytes have been characterized as a potential resource for fiber, food, fodder, and bioactive compounds. Proximate composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of five wild dominant halophytes (Arthrocnemummacrostachyum, Halocnemumstrobilaceum, Limoniastrummonopetalum, Limoniastrumpruinosum, and Tamarix nilotica) naturally growing along the Nile Delta coast were assessed. The soil supporting these halophytes was sandy to sand-silty, alkaline, with low organic carbon, and relatively high CaCO3. H. strobilaceum attained the highest moisture content, ash, crude fiber, lipids, and total soluble sugars. L. monopetalum showed the highest content of crude protein (18.00%), while T. nilotica had the highest content of total carbohydrates. The studied halophytes can be ranked according to their nutritive value as follows: H.strobilaceum > L.monopetalum > A.macrostachyum > L.pruinosum > T. nilotica. A. macrostachyum attained the highest amount of Na+, K+, Ca2+, a...
Food Chemistry, 2012
Suaeda fruticosa is an edible and medicinal halophyte known for its hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activities. In this study, novel biological activities of the shoot extracts related to their phenolics were investigated. Results showed an appreciable total phenolic (31.8 mg GAE/g DW) in shoot extracts. The estimation of antioxidant capacities using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC method) and a cell based-assay (WS1) of four extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water) showed that shoot methanol extract exhibit the highest antioxidant activities. The same extract displayed the utmost anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) release, by 66.4% at 160 lg/ml in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Besides, the dichloromethane extract showed the highest anticancer activity against human lung carcinoma (A-549) and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (DLD-1, Caco-2 and HT-29) with specificity against DLD-1 (IC 50 = 10 ± 1 lg/ml). These findings demonstrate the remarkable potentiality of this edible halophyte as valuable source of antioxidants which exhibit original and interesting anti-inflammatory and anticancer capacities.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2019
In the last decades, an increasing interest has been granted to halophytes due to their high phenolic content, which have therapeutic potential in the treatment and/or management of human health. Therefore, it is important to measure the halophyte total polyphenol content correctly and to valorize their antioxidant capacity. Ethanol extracts from thirty halophytes were analyzed to evaluate the Total Phenol Content (TPC). We employed three testing methods to prove their antioxidant potentialities, including DPPH • (1-DiPhenyl-2-PicrylHydrazyl), ABTS •+ (2,20-Azino-Bis-3-ethylbenzoThiazoline-6-Sulfonic acid) and IRP (Iron Reducing Power) assays. Results showed that plants exhibited different TPC, which varied significantly from 411.5 mg GAE g-1 DW in Cynomorium coccineum to 6.02 mg GAE g-1 DW in Ammophila arenaria. Concerning antioxidant activities, data revealed that Cynomorium coccineum (IC 50 = 3.82 µg ml-1 versus ABTS •+) and Euphorbia paralias had the highest antiradical capacity (IC 50 = 0.12 µg ml-1 against DPPH •) and exhibited the best efficient concentration with an EC 50 value= 9.57 µg mL-1 for the IRP. Considering correlation between phenols and antioxidant tests, three groups were distinguished with a higher correlation coefficient between 0.78 and 0.98 for the first group. These data suggest the promising potentialities of the Mediterranean medicinal halophytes as valuable source of powerful antioxidants of industries, especially for Cynomorium coccineum, Carpobrotus edulis, Reaumuria vermiculata, Tamarix gallica, and Euphorbia paralias regarding their strong phenol content.
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2013
Halophytic plants are more susceptible for oxidative stress and damage due to high contents of salt and minerals inside these plants. Therefore, self defence against this oxidative stress appeared in the high phenolics particularly, flavonoids content are abundant in these plants. Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, Limoniastrum guyonianum and Anabasis articulate are three of halophytic plants growing in Mediterranean coast of Libya and most of North African countries, were taken as example for estimating the phenolic and flavonoids contents as well as antioxidant evaluation in order to understanding the effect of habitat of these plant imitation on the by-products production. Our present work suggested that, there are high relations between the qualitative and quantitative constituent of these halophytic plants which growing near to each other in the same environment.
Determination of antioxidant enzymatic activity in several halophytes from Dobrogea area
Halophytes have evolved various mechanisms of adaptations to stress tolerance including an increase of antioxidant enzymes activities. The present study was conducted in order to investigate the activity of some antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase – SOD, catalase – CAT and peroxidase – POD) in several halophytes. For this, four halophytic species were collected during summer of 2012 from two distinct saline areas, located in South-East of Romania (Dobrogea). Species collected from Histria are Plantago maritima and Bassia sedoides; the first mentioned species was collected in various stages of development (vegetative and flowering phases). Species Plantago coronopus, Spergularia media, Limonium gmelini, and Bassia sedoides from Sulina were collected from two different habitats: littoral area and an habitat located at 1000 m from littoral. The results show that halophytes collected from 1000 m to littoral area were characterized by higher levels of SOD activity than those collec...