Introducing m-learning in the classroom: a proposal for diffraction and image processing training (original) (raw)
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Diffraction is an important phenomenon introduced to Physics university students in a subject of Fundamentals of Optics. In addition, in the Physics Degree syllabus of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, there is an elective subject in Applied Optics. In this subject, diverse diffraction concepts are discussed in-depth from different points of view: theory, experiments in the laboratory and computing exercises. In this work, we have focused on the process of teaching Fraunhofer diffraction through laboratory training.
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This paper develops learning tools in the form of lesson implementation plans (RPP), modules, and assessment sheets. RPP has been developed with a model of guided inquiry as a means of learning activities. The modules are developed in the form of Multimedia Learning Modules (MLMs) which can attract the interest and motivation of students. The assessment sheet developed is an assessment of mathematical and verbal abilities. The results of the validation of the products developed show that the criteria are very feasible to be used in learning activities.
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This paper discusses the development and implementation of a practice based on Active Learning Methodology (ALM) with the aim of encouraging students from an early age to be interested in the world of science. The practical proposal is registered in the area of physics, especially in the field of wave optics, since it turns out to be very attractive to all ages especially for children. This didactic sequence was developed with students from elementary school. The experimental sequence developed is composed by several experimental activities allowing to observe and describe the phenomenon of diffraction scattering, from the entring of light through a piece of compact disc (CD) which acts as a diffraction grating. The distance between the diffraction grating and the screen on which the maximum intensity markers are projected remains constant throughout the practice. Children light up the CD with a red pointer, mark on the screen the position of the different maximum intensity markers, then repeat with the green pointer and finally with blue; from observation and the answer of guiding questions proposed by the teacher, they begin to draw conclusions to diffraction for each wavelength. In this way, the child observes that the maximum intensity markers (diffraction orders) associated with each color are located in different positions. Later, children are enquired about the result of the process when it is repeated with white light. Immediately afterwards, the experiment is tried with white light to check it. Finally, comparing the results observed with pointers in different colors with the resulto out of the practice with white light, a relevant discussion starts, bringing students to the concept of diffraction scattering. An important aspect is that the materials used in this experiment represents an important advantage in their application, since they are easily accessible (except for laser pointers in colors that are not very common in some places), so it is a practice affordable to any socioeconomic population besides being very striking to students.
Revista Mexicana de Física E, 2020
In this paper, we present an alternative for physics laboratory activity related to Fraunhofer diffraction in distance learning. The activity utilizes a demonstration video from MIT Open CourseWare, Tracker software, and spreadsheet. An online demonstration video is used because it is the most accessible resource during undesirable conditions such as COVID 19 pandemic. In the activity, students can explore diffractions phenomena with multiple slits. The effect of slit spacing and slit numbers to the intensity of light is investigated trough spectral analysis with Tracker. The investigation is followed by a discussion through the mathematical approach and visualization with spreadsheets. It will enrich students with a theoretical explanation of the observation. This distance learning activity allows students to develop their science process skills, mathematical and computational thinking skills, and conceptual understanding of Fraunhofer diffraction.
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This study aims to produce virtual laboratory interactive learning media that is effective and practical for the subject of physical optics. It uses the Research and Development (R & D) method. The material in the learning media includes dispersion, diffraction, interference, and polarization. Users of this product can be directly involved in observing, measuring and taking practical data. Product development has been validated by material expert, media expert, and practitioners (teachers). This product has also been tested in one-to-one, small groups, and field trial. Based on the results of the assessment by material expert, media expert, teachers, and field trial, this learning media software is categorized as “excellent” with a value of 4.63 for validity, “medium” with an n-gain value of 0.37 for effectiveness, and “excellent” with a value of 4.49 for practicality.
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Problem-Based Learning Using Mobile Devices
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Small handheld devices such as PDAs and smart phones become more and more popular. Thus, we are seeing a growing number of projects using mobile devices for educational purposes. Due to the limitations of screen size, CPU performance, and memory size, software development for mobile devices is challenging. More critical argument is about the lack of pedagogic and didactic concepts on the usage of mobile devices in education. In this paper, we present a system using mobile devices which supports research experiences for students in a laboratory context. The system allows students to efficiently monitor and control their scientific experiments at anytime, from anywhere. We describe several usage scenarios in the area of nanoscience studies, where the remote control of microscopes is mandatory. We present our system architecture and describe the implementation based on open-source software.
Physical Review Physics Education Research, 2021
Recognition of interference and diffraction patterns is a difficult task for both high-school and university students. Many students fail to observe important features of particular patterns and identify the differences among similar patterns. In this study, we investigated if performing students' investigative experiments can help high-school students in recognition of typical interference and diffraction patterns. Students in the experimental group were exposed to a teaching intervention that included five students' investigative hands-on experiments on wave optics whereas the control group had the standard lecture-based physics teaching. We measured eye movements of students from both the experimental and control groups while they were identifying patterns produced by monochromatic light on a double slit, single slit, and diffraction grating, and by white light on a diffraction grating. Students from the experimental group had a higher percentage of correct answers than students in the control group that indicated that students' investigative experiments had a positive effect on their recognition of interference and diffraction patterns. However, the low percentage of correct answers, even in the experimental group, confirms that distinguishing of the typical interference and diffraction patterns remains a difficult task for high-school students even if they had performed investigative hands-on experiments. Eye-tracking data showed that students from the experimental group had a shorter dwell on multiple-choice patterns, possibly because they were more familiar with interference and diffraction patterns and felt more confident in choosing the correct pattern. All students attended more to those patterns which they chose as the correct answer and that corroborates the previous findings. Overall, the results indicate that students' recognition of interference and diffraction patterns can be improved by introducing hands-on investigative experiments in the classroom.
D3mobile Metrology World League: Trainning Secondary Students on Smartphone-based Photogrammetry
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The advent of the smartphones brought with them higher processing capabilities and improved camera specifications which boosted the applications of mobile-based imagery in a range of domains. One of them is the 3-D reconstruction of objects by means of photogrammetry, which now enjoys great popularity. This fact brings potential opportunities to develop educational procedures in high schools using smartphone-based 3-D scanning techniques. On this basis, we designed a Project Based e-Learning (PBeL) initiative to introduce secondary students to the disciplines of photogrammetry through the use of their mobile phones in an attractive and challenging way for them. The paper describes the motivation behind the project "D3MOBILE Metrology World League", supported by ISPRS as part of the "Educational and Capacity Building Initiative 2020" programme. With this Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) initiative, we implement a methodology with the format of an international competition, that can be adapted to daily classwork at the high school level anywhere in the world. Therefore, the championship is essentially structured around a collection of well-thought-out e-learning materials (text guidelines, video tutorials, proposed exercises, etc.), providing a more flexible access to content and instruction at any time and from any place. The methodology allows students to gain spatial skills and to practice other transversal abilities, learn the basics of photogrammetric techniques and workflows, gain experience in the 3-D modelling of simple objects and practice a range of techniques related to the science of measurement.
D3MOBILE Metrology World League: Training Secondary Students on Smartphone-Based Photogrammetry
ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
The advent of the smartphones brought with them higher processing capabilities and improved camera specifications which boosted the applications of mobile-based imagery in a range of domains. One of them is the 3-D reconstruction of objects by means of photogrammetry, which now enjoys great popularity. This fact brings potential opportunities to develop educational procedures in high schools using smartphone-based 3-D scanning techniques. On this basis, we designed a Project Based e-Learning (PBeL) initiative to introduce secondary students to the disciplines of photogrammetry through the use of their mobile phones in an attractive and challenging way for them. The paper describes the motivation behind the project "D3MOBILE Metrology World League", supported by ISPRS as part of the "Educational and Capacity Building Initiative 2020" programme. With this Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) initiative, we implement a methodology with the format of an international competition, that can be adapted to daily classwork at the high school level anywhere in the world. Therefore, the championship is essentially structured around a collection of well-thought-out e-learning materials (text guidelines, video tutorials, proposed exercises, etc.), providing a more flexible access to content and instruction at any time and from any place. The methodology allows students to gain spatial skills and to practice other transversal abilities, learn the basics of photogrammetric techniques and workflows, gain experience in the 3-D modelling of simple objects and practice a range of techniques related to the science of measurement.