The phonology–morphology interface (original) (raw)
Related papers
On the Relationship Between Morphology and Phonology: Interactionism vs. Noninteractionism
ENGLISH LINGUISTICS, 1995
Since its introduction in 1982, Lexical Phonology has contributed to an increased understanding of language. The segmental phonology of several languages have been analyzed in this framework including Korean by Ahn (1985), Malayalam by Mohanan (1986), English by Borowsky (1986), Basque by Hualde (1988), and Japanese by Ishihara (1991). Pulleyblank (1986) applied Lexical Phonology to analyses of tone in African languages. Since 1982, the tenets of the theory such as level-ordered morphology and phonology have been challenged and the model itself has been modified to accommodate new findings. Volume 4 of Phonetics and Phonology edited by S. Hargus and E. M. Kaisse is an outcome of a workshop on Lexical Phonology held at the University of Washington in 1990. The book, consisting of three parts, contains sixteen articles. The articles in Part I deal with the relation between morphology and phonology. The papers contained in Part II discuss some basic tenets of the theory such as structure preservation, the derived environment condition, and the strict cycle condition. Finally, the articles in Part III discuss application of the theory to historical change. * I would like to thank Peter R. Petrucci for checking English and suggesting stylistic improvements. I am also grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions to an earlier draft of this article. All remaining errors are of course my own.
Recent developments in phonological theory
Lingua, 1979
H.'s book (a revised and expanded version of her UCLA dissertation (IULC 1973)) presents and elaborates a phonological theory which has been developed mainly by Vennemann in a number of articles published since 1972. The book is divided into two parts. The first part (Concreteness in Morphophonology) deals with "the formal constraints on the theory", i.e. it concentrates on the abstractness and actual form of underlying reprefientations (henceforth UR's), rule types, cyclic application, rule order and phonological change. It includes several illustrations from Spanish. Part two (Natural Phonological Structure) deals with "substantive phonological issues" and contains a discussion of the distinction between morpheme structure rules vs. phonetic-phonological rules (the so-called duplication problem) and especially of the role and formal treatment of the syllable.
University of New Mexico Working Papers in Linguistics, Volume 1
1993
environments in which they occur, much as syntax was only studied in the rarefied environment of made-up sentences. Very little study has been devoted to the distribution of phonological elements in texts. I will argue below that the text frequency of segments affects their phonetic shape and evolution. Consider subphonemic detail and variation conditioned lexically, morphologically and socially. Generative phonology, like its predecessor, phonemic theory, chose to ignore low-level phonetic detail'. Like the detail of actual language use that has enriched functionalist syntactic theory, the study of detail in phonology will reveal important facts that bear on our understanding of how language is really processed and what structures have empirical validity. Attend to exceptions and marginal cases, for they can be valuable sources of information about the nature of processing and representation. As I will argue below, marginal 'phonemes' are particularly interesting in their consequences for phonological theory. Reconsider what Langacker 1987 calls the 'rule-list fallacy' (see also Bybee 1988). Our thinking and analyses need not be restricted to only two options-either an elements occurs in a list or it is generated by rule. I propose below that lexical elements (words or phrases) consist of actual phonetic content that is modified as these elements are used. While phonetic 'rules' may exist as articulatory patterns for the realization of words, generalizations at other levels may be better thought of as emergent generalizations over lexical representations. 5 Altaic dialects, in Eskimo-Aleut [1330iuca and Mowrey 1987b]). Or consider the changes undergone by Proto-Bantu voiceless stops (Tucker and Bryan 1957, Pagliuca and Mowrey 1987h):
Lexical Phonology is a theory about the organization of grammar. In particular, it deals with the relationship among phonology, morphology, and the lexicon. Its basic claim is that all morphological processes, and many phonological ones, are carried out in the lexicon. On this view, phonological rules fall into two classes: (1) Lexical Rules: which may interact with morphological rules.
Phonology, 2012
Goldsmith's (1995) Handbook of phonological theory provided an influential overview of the field in the mid-90s, earning a well-deserved place on the shelf of practising phonologists. The volume under review is not the first to attempt to update this classic work. Two other recent handbooks of comparable length and scope are the second edition of Goldsmith (Goldsmith et al. 2011), and de Lacy's (2007) well-received Cambridge handbook of phonology. Besides evaluating how well the current work meets the general expectations that readers have for a handbook, this review must necessarily also address the inevitable questions : why yet another handbook of phonology just now ? ; how does this volume distinguish itself from its competitors ? ; does this work fill a gap that is not met by the other handbooks ? The names of the editors and authors provide the first clue to what makes this volume distinctive. Almost all contributors work and/or received their PhDs in Europe, whereas North American phonologists dominate the other handbooks. The European perspective is felt in several of the core chapters in the second and longest part of the volume, ' Research issues ', which discuss certain approaches-such as Element Theory, Government Phonology and CV theory-that tend to be less well known in North America. The chapter by Botma, Kula & Nasukawa on ' Features' has a comprehensive discussion of the phonetic motivation for different feature theories in early generative phonology, followed by a clear introduction to Element Theory. One of the distinctive properties of Element Theory is that the same feature can have different phonetic realisations, depending on the featural configuration (in particular, which other feature is the head of the configuration). The advantages of representing voicing and nasality with a single feature are exemplified with a detailed analysis of alternations involving nasal prefixes in Zoque. Péter Szigetvári's chapter on ' Syllables ' follows a critical historical survey of motivations for syllable structure with an exceptionally clear introduction to CV theory, a theory which essentially dispenses with the syllable as a constituent. As someone who was not trained in this approach, I read the chapter with scepticism. However, by the end of it I felt I had an appreciative understanding of how strict CV licensing can account for classic problems like restrictions on consonant and vowel clusters which are usually considered motivations for syllable structure. Both this chapter and the one on features will be read with interest by phonologists wishing to understand the highlighted theories better. They will surely be recommended to students as useful introductory chapters by phonologists working in the theories presented. However, as the focus in these chapters is on the particular theories under discussion, they are not intended to provide a useful guide to current research and issues in other frameworks.
Spirantization in morphologically driven phonology: The causative in Bemba
Proceedings of CONSOLE VIII, 2000
The causative suffix in Bantu is renowned for assimilations that result in spirantisations of stem final consonants thereby resulting in some change to the shape of the causativised verbal base. Departing from a cyclic analysis I shall claim that the causative suffix has two alternating shapes whose spirantisation effects can be captured by a strictly non-cyclic approach with reference to nonanalytic and analytic morphology and its interaction with phonology. I therefore assume that changes in the verbal base follow from phonological conditions that apply in the language in specified phonological contexts.
Lee Bickmore, ,Chilungu Phonology (2007) CSLI Publications, University of Chicago Press,Stanford
2009
Cilungu Phonology provides a comprehensive description of the intricate and diverse tone system of Cilungu, a Bantu language of Zambia classified as M14 in Guthrie's (1967Guthrie's ( -1971 Bantu classification. An asset of this work for which the author must be commended is that it provides a thorough and fully worked out tone system of a particular language in contrast to fragments of tonal systems abounding in the Bantu literature.