Multi Phase, QoS Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (original) (raw)
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Design of a QoS-Aware routing mechanism for wireless multimedia sensor networks
2008
In wireless sensor networks, majority of routing protocols considered energy efficiency as the main objective and assumed data traffic with unconstrained delivery requirements. However, the introduction of image and video sensors demands certain quality of service (QoS) from the routing protocols and underlying networks. Managing real-time data requires both energy efficiency and QoS assurance in order to ensure efficient usage of sensor resources and correctness of the collected information. In this paper, we present a novel QoS-aware routing protocol to support high data rate for wireless multimedia sensor networks. Being multi-channel multi-path the foundation, the routing decision is made according to the dynamic adjustment of the required bandwidth and path-length-based proportional delay differentiation for real-time data. The proposed protocol works in a distributed manner to ensure bandwidth and endto-end delay requirements of real-time data. At the same time, the throughput of non-real-time data is maximized by adjusting the service rate of real-time and non-real-time data. Results evaluated in simulation demonstrate a significant performance improvement in terms of average delay, average lifetime and network throughput. This full text paper was peer reviewed at the direction of IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the IEEE "GLOBECOM" 2008 proceedings.
Survey of QoS Routing Protocols in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
The emergence of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) has stimulated the refocusing of research from conventional scalar Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to WMSNs. Currently, because of their prevalence WMSNs are used in different applications. Due to the unique features of WMSNs, fulfilling Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for a variety of applications is the challenge. QoS routing is a backbone of WMSNs and plays a vital role in satisfying QoS requirements. The performance of QoS routing depends upon the selection of an optimal path or paths. Path selection is based on evaluation of a cost function using various routing metrics. A careful blend of such metrics in a routing cost function guarantees a committed level of QoS.This survey uses number of routing metrics as criteria for categorizing state-of-the-art QoS WMSNs routing techniques. In addition, open issues and future research directions to further develop efficient routing protocols to guarantee QoS are discussed.
Real-Time QoS Routing Protocols in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks: Study and Analysis
Sensors, 2015
Many routing protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks. These routing protocols are almost always based on energy efficiency. However, recent advances in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) cameras and small microphones have led to the development of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSN) as a class of wireless sensor networks which pose additional challenges. The transmission of imaging and video data needs routing protocols with both energy efficiency and Quality of Service (QoS) characteristics in order to guarantee the efficient use of the sensor nodes and effective access to the collected data. Also, with integration of real time applications in Wireless Senor Networks (WSNs), the use of QoS routing protocols is not only becoming a significant topic, but is also gaining the attention of researchers. In designing an efficient QoS routing protocol, the reliability and guarantee of end-to-end delay are critical events while conserving energy. Thus, considerable research has been focused on designing energy efficient and robust QoS routing protocols. In this paper, we present a state of the art research work based on real-time QoS routing protocols for WMSNs that have already been proposed. This paper categorizes the real-time QoS routing protocols into probabilistic and deterministic protocols. In addition, both categories are classified into soft and hard real time protocols by highlighting the QoS issues including the limitations and features of each protocol. Furthermore, we have compared the performance of mobility-aware query based real-time QoS routing protocols from each category using Network Simulator-2 (NS2). This paper also focuses on the design challenges and future research directions as well as highlights the characteristics of each QoS routing protocol.
Review Real-Time QoS Routing Protocols in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks: Study and Analysis
2015
Many routing protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks. These routing protocols are almost always based on energy efficiency. However, recent advances in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) cameras and small microphones have led to the development of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSN) as a class of wireless sensor networks which pose additional challenges. The transmission of imaging and video data needs routing protocols with both energy efficiency and Quality of Service (QoS) characteristics in order to guarantee the efficient use of the sensor nodes and effective access to the collected data. Also, with integration of real time applications in Wireless Senor Networks (WSNs), the use of QoS routing protocols is not only becoming a significant topic, but is also gaining the attention of researchers. In designing an efficient QoS routing protocol, the reliability and guarantee of end-to-end delay are critical events while conserving energy. Thus, considerable research has been focused on designing energy efficient and robust QoS routing protocols. In this paper, we present a state of the art research work based on real-time QoS routing protocols for WMSNs that have already been proposed. This paper categorizes the real-time QoS routing protocols into probabilistic and deterministic protocols. In addition, both categories are classified into soft and hard real time protocols by highlighting the QoS issues including the limitations and features of each protocol. Furthermore, we have compared the performance of mobility-aware query based real-time QoS routing protocols from each category using Network Simulator-2 (NS2). This paper also focuses on the design challenges and future research directions as well as highlights the characteristics of each QoS routing protocol.
QoE Aware Routing Protocols in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks: A Survey
2018
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN) has a grown as an area of interest in the recent years due to availability of various CMOS devices like camera and microphones. With this advent multimedia transmission is possible which can be enhanced by providing the transmission with various QoS (Quality of Service) parameters. QoE (Quality of Experience) plays a vital role in WMSN Multimedia Transmission as it is related to user perception for the application quality. Various QoE matrices like Mean Opinion Score(MOS), Peak-signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR), Structure Similarity Metric(SSIM), Video Quality Metric(VQM) are there for video quality measurement. The multimedia transmission contains audio, video, images and scalar data each which has a different metric for QoE. To provide a high-data rate transmission we need an efficient QoE aware routing protocol for multimedia Transmission in WMSN. Various Challenges and research issues are discussed in this paper.
Energy Efficient QoS based Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks
2015
There has been a recent advancement in wireless sensor networks (WSN) that have led to many new routing protocols formulated and designed specifically for these networks.Energy efficiency was considered as the fundamental goal by most of these routing protocols in order to augment the lifetime of the entire network. But due to the development and initiation of video and imaging sensors, additional challenges need to be faced. For productive management of the sensors and adequate access to the gathered measurements, transmission of imaging and video data requires bothQoS aware and energy efficient routing protocols. In this paper, we present the various requirements for QoS and challenges faced in sensor networks and also provide a comparative analysis of various traditional QoS routing protocols. Keywords-Wireless networks, wireless sensor networks, quality of service, routing protocol.
Survey on Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network Protocols
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN) is new and emerging network of wirelessly connected devices, which consist of video, audio streams, scalar sensor data and others. The goal of these networks is optimized delivery of multimedia data based on quality of service (Qos) parameters, such as delay, channel utilization, network life time throughput and distortion etc. Multimedia network are communicated each packet has strict play out deadlines, thus late arriving packets and lots of packets are equally. This challenging task to guarantee soft delay deadlines along with energy minimization, resource constrained, high data rate in WMSNs. In this paper, we provide survey on different WMSN protocols like Real-time and Energy Aware Qos routing protocol (REAR), Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks (GPSR), Direct Diffusion for Wireless Sensor Network (DD), Channel utilization and delay aware routing protocol for Wireless multimedia sensor network (CUDAR). This different protocols with WMSN are compared in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, network life time.
Quality of service aware routing protocols in wireless multimedia sensor networks: survey
International Journal of Information Technology, 2020
Improvements in nanotechnology have introduced contemporary sensory devices that are capable of gathering multimedia data in form of images, audio and video. Wireless multimedia sensor networks handles such type of heterogeneous traffic. Since these networks are an emergent of wireless sensor networks, they inherit constraints that exist in these traditional networks. This paper is a survey of characteristics and requirements of wireless multimedia sensor networks and approaches to mitigating existing challenges in these networks. Further presents a review of recent research on multipath routing protocols and multi-channel media access protocols that offer quality of service assurances in handling multimedia data. The survey shows that there still exist bottlenecks in current routing solutions when applied to wireless multimedia sensor networks due to the nature of traffic involved as well as inherent characteristics, requirements and constraints. The findings are useful in the discovery of solutions to the challenges and issues. The authors further suggest approaches and plausible solutions to the problems in order to assist in the development of protocols that achieve quality of service in wireless multimedia sensor networks.
2015
Sensor devices are limited energy, limited processing power and low memory devices. Providing quality of service (QoS) with highly constrained devices is always a challenging issue. To conserve energy and to provide application specific QoS requirement is a major concern of wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs). The best solution for such network is using multi-criteria decision making. An artificial intelligence (AI) suits best for decision based on multiple criteria. In this paper fuzzy logic is used to select an optimal path for routing from multiple paths. Expected transmission count (ETX), residual energy (RE) and hop count (HP) is used in decision making by fuzzy logic. The proposed approach improves the throughput and avoids lossy links using the ETX which is the requirement of multimedia tra c and RE and HC also help in selecting high energy and minimum hop count path. Duty cycle (DC) is adjusted dynamically which minimizes the energy consumption of a node as compared ...
Multipath and Multipriority based Routing Protocol for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems, 2011
In this paper, we present a new routing protocol, multipath and multi-priority based routing protocol, (MMRP) for wireless multimedia sensor networks. The proposed MMRP chooses the multiple routing paths from source to the sink, then the selected paths are assigned with different priority levels depending upon the residual energy and transmission delay in the routing paths. That is, the highly prioritized I frames of the MPEG video are transmitted over the high priority routing paths, and other P and B frames are transmitted over the lower priority routing paths. The proposed MMRP protocol can be applied to time critical applications which require both lower latency and low power consumption over wireless multimedia sensor network. Simulations results of MMRP protocol show respectively an improvement of 23.48% and 23.11% in energy conservation and 81.6% and 32.01% improvement in latency as compared to protocols without and with multipath routing.