Paths to the city and roads to death: mortality and migration in east Belgium during the Industrial Revolution (original) (raw)
Migrants and Urban Change: Newcomers to Antwerp, 1760-1860
2009
Taking the Belgian city of Antwerp as her case-study, Winter argues that the direction of nineteenth century societal change was such as to make some migrant groups better suited to reap the benefits of new urban opportunities than local people. Between 1760 and 1860 the city underwent a profound transformation from a middle-sized regional textile centre into a booming international port town of more than 120,000 inhabitants, making Antwerp an ideal case from which to track the dynamics of migration and its consequences. Winter uses this to formulate more general insights on the relationship between migration and urban transformation in the transition from preindustrial to industrial society.
Flight from the land? Migration flows of the rural population of the Netherlands, 1850-1940
Espace populations sociétés, 2014
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2018
van der Veer, Katif Araz, and Yehuda Elkana. Special thanks to Hubert Weterwami, Helene Simerwayi, and their children, who have been an ongoing inspiration for this book. This book would not have been possible without the support of our partners and children:
2016
On the basis of nominal data from local foreigners' files, this article examines gender differences in the trajectories of more than 3,000 single foreign newcomers to Antwerp between 1850 and 1880. The data demonstrate an overall expansion, ruralization, and feminization of the migration field over time, attuned to the evolution of the port town's dual labor market. Foreign single women were less specialized than their skilled male counterparts and immigrated in large numbers only toward the end of the period under study, supported by the facilitation of travel via rail. Engaged in a catch-up process as well as in the founding of new patterns of migration, single female migrants emerge from this study as both followers and pioneers. By highlighting the latter's dual role, the results shed new light on gender stereotypes in migration research and on the oft-assumed connection between migration distance and occupational specialization.
From Class to Culture: Immigration, Recession, and Daily Ethnic Boundaries in Belgium, 1940s–1990s
International Review of Social History, 2008
Each society has myths about the successful adaptation of former migrants. Historians need to deconstruct these myths by dealing with the imagined boundaries between “indigenous” and “foreign” people that give way to them. This essay does so by comparing how children of Polish interwar immigrants and children of Italian postwar immigrants came to be seen as insiders in the Belgian Limburg mining region. Oral testimonies, associational records, and population data reveal that Poles achieved the status of industrious, adapted people around 1960, due to the equal promotion of Polish and indigenous miners' sons in the mines and to the labour migration regime which constructed Italians as unskilled outsiders. Around 1980, the industrial recession caused unemployment among young Italians. However, migration politics has, since the recession, primarily focused on culture. Moreover, European legislation constructed foreignness as non-European. Consequently, it is not class, but European...
TSEG - The Low Countries Journal of Social and Economic History
This article questions the impact of urbanization on crime rates by studying Amsterdam migrants in front of the correctional court between 1850 and 1905 and connecting the historiography on crime and migration. The data shows no clear link between urbanization and a rise in crime, but it does reveal the role of external factors in the prosecution of specific crimes. The crisis experienced by the urban labour market in the late 1870 and 1880s had a direct impact on Amsterdam crime rates: although Amsterdam could initially integrate low-skilled workers in its labour market, the situation became unsustainable after a few years. It led to an increase in the prosecution of vagrancy and begging offences, which were committed first and foremost by Dutch unemployed or unskilled migrant workers. This article thus shows the importance of considering migrants in crime history not as a homogenous group but as different groups, each with its own support networks, and influenced differently by th...
there remain unanswered questions. This book includes interpretations from a range of scholars which will help to advance knowledge in the area. As suggested by the papers in the first section of the volume, the demographic impact of the Black Death remains unclear. Benedictow and Smith indicate that demographic developments changed from the medieval to the early modern period, while Kowaleski suggests that there was greater continuity over time than might have been expected.