Efebos producer (original) (raw)
Amphorae from the Roman port of Aenona
Zaton is a complex site comprising a submerged roman breakwater (measuring almost 200 m in length) and remains of the harbor installations on the ground. The breakwater has been excavated a number of times since 1968. and to date is the most researched Roman harbor in Croatia. While only a minor portion of the breakwater and the surrounding area have been excavated, the site yielded huge amounts of finds, and 3 wrecks – two seriliae, and a wooden ship built by a contemporary Roman shipbuilding technique. The most common finds are the pottery sherds, and a large number of amphora fragments. These amphorae originate from almost every corner of the Roman Empire – Betica and Galia in the west, Italy, the Eastern Mediterranean provinces, and North Africa, while among the finds are some local eastern Adriatic variants . Only finds from the excavations conducted in 2002 and later years come from a (arbitrary) stratified context. Although a small portion of the harbor is excavated, the focus of this article is to determine the kind of amphorae that were passing through the harbor. Certainly, this by no way completes the picture of amphora transport through the harbor. It gives us however a general understanding of the trade that occurred in the harbor from the 1st to the 4th century, and some indications of the possible nature of the cargo.
Amphorae are stamped by production centers, especially in the Aegean Region. Stamps, which are epigraphic evidence, provide the date of the layer or context they were found by determining the origin of the amphorae and reveals the commercial relations between the production and consumption centers. There are many amphorae in the Edirne Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography. These amphorae are recorded in various ways in the inventory of the museum. It was determined that only five of the amphorae in the museum collection were stamped. This article aims to classify the stamped amphorae according to their production centers, to give a date to the stamped amphorae and to analyze the inscriptions on the stamps. In this study, seven stamps on five amphorae with preserved double handles were examined. Three of these stamps are Thasos and four are Rhodes. Only two of the Rhodesian stamps have been resolved. As a result of our investigations, it was determined that these stamped amphorae belonged to Thasos and Rhodes. The stamps have the names of the eponym and the producer, ethnicon and symbol. The date of the stamps that can be read within the scope of this article is determined by the names of the eponyms and producers. It is understood that the stamped amphorae here are generally from between the 4th – 2nd centuries BCE.
Thasian and Rhodian Stamped Amphorae from Edirne Archaeology and Ethnography Museum
Gephyra
Amphorae are stamped by production centers, especially in the Aegean Region. Stamps, which are epigraphic evidence, provide the date of the layer or context they were found by determining the origin of the amphorae and reveals the commercial relations between the production and consumption centers. There are many amphorae in the Edirne Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography. These amphorae are recorded in various ways in the inventory of the museum. It was determined that only five of the amphorae in the museum collection were stamped. This article aims to classify the stamped amphorae according to their production centers, to give a date to the stamped amphorae and to analyze the inscriptions on the stamps.In this study, seven stamps on five amphorae with preserved double handles were examined. Three of these stamps are Thasos and four are Rhodes. Only two of the Rhodesian stamps have been resolved. As a result of our investigations, it was determined that these stamped amphorae bel...
Excavations at the village of Erythron/Latrun near Apollonia in Cyrenaica uncovered a potter's rubbish dump in an abandoned Roman bath complex, thought to be linked to the nearby potter's kiln. Common wares and lamps were produced here and of particular note were Mid Roman 1 amphorae. These amphorae were thought to have been produced mainly in Sicily but also North Africa, and with the new discovery at Latrun we can now also add Cyrenaica to the list. Archaeometric (thin section) analysis on samples from the site confirms this theory.
Amphorae from the Ancient Cassope, Epirus – Greece
MANUFACTURERS AND MARKETS The Contributions of Hellenistic Pottery to Economies Large and Small Proceedings of the 4th Conference of IARPotHP, Athens, November 2019, 11th–14th, 2022
The majority of amphorae found in the Cassope excavations come from private houses. Owing to the continuous habitation of the city, from the 4th to the 1st cent. B. C., most amphorae survive in a fragmentary condition. Exceptions to this belong to later construction phases of houses that have been used after the Roman destruction of the city in 167 B. C. and were abandoned when their owners were forced to settle in neighboring Nikopolis. The present study examines amphorae from the later construction phases of houses 1 and 3, which, after the restoration of the Epirote League under Roman control (148 B. C.), are extended to the detriment of neighboring, desolated properties and are built more luxuriously. The amphorae originate from the excavation layer of the reconstruction phase and were found on the level of the later habitation (1st cent. B. C.). These are Italian amphorae from workshops in the Adriatic region, some of which also bear stamps in Latin and identified as belonging to types Lamboglia 2, Dressel 2- 4, Lamboglia 2/Dressel 6A and Brindisi type. This assemblage of findings confirms the conclusions so far reached by the excavations in Cassope and compel us to reconsider the situation prevailing in Epirus during the late Hellenistic period, as well as its long-standing contacts with the West, especially with the Adriatic region.
The issue of trade relations between local peoples who lived in the area between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester in the early Late Iron Age and the Mediterranean world is a topic amply debated in the literature. Through this paper we intend to bring into discussion a small batch of Greek amphorae fragments from the collection of the Ţibana Parish Museum, that were found in the fortress of Poiana Mănăstirii-Între Şanţuri. The amphoric material presented in this paper originates two Aegean centers, Thassos and Rhodes and a South Pontic center, Heracleea. It is interesting to note that, out of the total ceramic fragments recovered so far from the fortress of Poiana Mănăstirii, the Greek ones represent a fairly significant percentage, somewhere between 5 and 10%, which we consider is not accidental. Despite the fact that, apparently, the fortress was not intensely inhabited, the recovered archaeological material is quite expressive in regarding to the problem of trade relations.
AMPHORAE EX AEGYSSO. Fragments from Older Excavations
PEUCE, 2018
This paper presents a sample of early and late Roman amphorae fragments discovered during several excavations performed at Aegyssus–Tulcea-Colnicul Hora in the 1959-1996 period, with the purpose of bringing a small contribution to the study of the economic history of the Roman Empire. The sample consists of 458 fragments. Typologically, 17 amphora types were identified, some of which have different versions: Dressel 43, Dressel 2-5, Dressel 24, Zeest 72, Zeest 94 (Šelov B and C), Berenice Middle Roman Amphora 5, Kapitän II, Agora M273, Kuzmanov XV-XVI, Spatheion, Opaiț D II, Opaiț D III, Opaiț E I – c, Carthage Late Roman Amphora 1, Carthage Late Roman Amphora 2, Carthage Late Roman Amphora 3 and Carthage Late Roman Amphora 4. Furthermore, out of these 17 types, it was determined, based on macroscopic fabric comparison, that 5 types were of Aegean origin, 3 types from the Eastern Mediteranean Coast, 7 types of Black Sea origin, one type from North Africa, while the LRA 1 and even LRA 2 types were produced in various centres in the Eastern part of the Empire. Chronologically, 5 types were distributed during the Early Roman Period, 10 types during the Late Roman Period and 2 types have been traced to the period between the 3rd and 4th century AD. Last but not least, the paper also proposes a method of calculating quantities of imported wine and olive oil during the two time periods of the Roman Empire.