A Novel 10kW Three-Phase High Power Density (2-U) Telecommunications Unity Power Factor Rectifier Module (original) (raw)
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Twenty-Third International Telecommunications Energy Conference. INTELEC 2001, 2001
In this paper the voltage and current stress of a delta-connection of three single-phase boost-type unity power factor rectifier modules (D-Rectifier) is analyzed in order to perform a design comparable to a direct threephase three-level six-switch unity power factor (conventional) rectifier system. The conduction losses of the power semiconductors are calculated using analytical approximations of the average and rms values of the component currents, the switching losses are taken from previous experimental investigations. Based on this data an overview of the estimated power losses is given for the D-Rectifier as well as for the conventional rectifier for 10kW output power, 800VDC output and 320V/400V/ 480V/530V (rms, line-to-line) mains voltage. These investigations finally lead to efficiency and component count figures. Furthermore, special attention is paid to the control of the whole three-phase system including the DC/DC converter output stages of the line-to-line modules of the D-Rectifier. Finally, topics of the continuation of the research are identified as, e.g., the realization of a prototype in order to verify the theoretical results experimentally also for unbalanced mains voltage conditions and with nonideal components such as nonlinear input inductors employing iron powder cores and the analysis of a D-Rectifier being formed by singlestage SEPIC-type line-to-line modules.
The Korean Institute of Power Electronics, 2018
A three-phase, three-switch, and three-level boost-type PWM rectifier (Vienna rectifier) is proposed as an active front-end power factor correction (PFC) rectifier for telecom loads. The proposed active front-end PFC rectifier system is modeled by the switching cycle average model. The relation between duty ratios and DC link capacitor voltages is derived in terms of the system input currents. Furthermore, the feasible switching states are identified and applied to the proposed system to reduce the switching stress and DC ripples. A detailed equivalent circuit analysis of the proposed front-end PFC rectifier is conducted, and its performance is verified through simulations in MATLAB. Simulation results are verified using an experimental setup of an active front-end PFC rectifier that was developed in the laboratory. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the improved power quality parameters that are in accordance with the IEEE and IEC standards.
2003
In this paper the reliable operation of a threephase three-switch buck-type PWM unity power factor rectifier with integrated boost output stage is investigated experimentally under heavily unbalanced mains, i.e. mains voltage unbalance, loss of one phase, short circuit of two phases or earth fault of one phase. The control scheme which allows to control the system for any mains condition without change-over of the control structure is described in detail. Furthermore, experimental results which confirm the proposed control concept for different mains failure conditions and for the transition from balanced mains to a failure condition and vice versa are shown and the behavior of the output voltage in case of a mains failure is investigated. Moreover, efficiency, power factor and total harmonic distortion of the rectifier system under a mains failure are analyzed. The experimental results are derived from a 5 kW prototype of the rectifier system (input voltage range (208 . . . 480) Vr...
A Novel Three Phase Unity Power Factor Converter
2016
The proposed unity power factor converter system which is able to operate from a 150V three-phase supply whilst delivering the required 200V DC voltage has been built and tested. This circuit functions as a high power factor low harmonic rectifier based on the concept that the peak capacitor voltages are proportional to the line input currents. Hence the low frequency components of the capacitor voltages are also approximately proportional to the line input currents. The system can be designed to achieve nearly sinusoidal supply input currents, when operated with discontinuous resonant capacitor voltages Output power control is achieved by variations of the IGBTs switching frequency. The converter is therefore able to compensate for any changes in the load resistance. The proposed topology offers advantages, including: a relatively simple power, control and protection circuits, high power capability, and high converter efficiencies.
Towards a 99% Efficient Three-Phase Buck-Type PFC Rectifier for 400-V DC Distribution Systems
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2012
In telecom applications, the vision for a total power conversion efficiency from the mains to the output of point-of-load (PoL) converters of 95% demands optimization of every conversion step, i.e., the power factor correction (PFC) rectifier frontend should show an outstanding efficiency in the range of 99%. For recently discussed 400-V dc distribution bus voltages, a bucktype PFC rectifier is a logical solution. In this paper, an efficiencyoptimized, 98.8% efficient, 5-kW three-phase buck-type PFC rectifier with 400-V output is presented. Methods for calculating losses of all components are described and are used to optimize the converter design for efficiency at full load. Special attention is paid to semiconductor losses, which are shown to be dominant, with the parasitic device capacitance losses being a significant component. The calculation of these parasitic capacitance losses is treated in detail, and the charge-balance approach used is verified. A prototype of the proposed rectifier is constructed which verifies the accuracy of the models used for loss calculation and optimization. Index Terms-AC-DC power converters, energy efficiency, modeling, optimization, three-phase electric power. I. INTRODUCTION T HREE-PHASE power factor correction (PFC) rectifier systems are frequently employed as active front-ends in utility interfaced systems such as power supplies in telecommunications and process technology. Broadly, two approaches to the design of these rectifiers are possible: a boost-type topology (as considered in [1]-[4]), or a buck-type topology (as considered in [5]-[9]). Buck-boost-type topologies have also been investigated, as in [10]. Compared to the boost-type topologies, the three-phase buck-type rectifiers (3ph-BRs) provide a wide output-voltage control range down to low voltages while maintaining PFC capability at the input, and allow for current limitation in the case of an output short circuit [5]. Recent discussion on power distribution architectures for telecom and data centres has shown [11], [12] the advantages that facility-wide 400-V dc distribution systems would have over traditional 48-54 V dc distribution architectures, especially when dealing with loads that are tens to hundreds of kilowatts. The main advantage are lower load currents on the bus, meaning less cable is required for transmission, and/or the overall efficiency could
A New Hybrid High Power Factor Three-Phase Unidirectional Rectifier
2006 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2006
This paper presents a new unidirectional hybrid three-phase rectifier composed by the parallel association of a single switch three-phase boost rectifier with a PWM three phase unidirectional rectifier. The objective to be reached is to reduce the harmonic content of input currents by processing a fraction of output active power with the PWM rectifier. The proposed structure allows to obtain a THD varying between O and 32%, just depending on the power processed by PWM three phase unidirectional rectifier. So, if the PWM rectifier is settled to process 45% of the total output power, the THD obtained is 0. Decreasing the PWM power to about 33% of the load power is possible to achieve the standards requirements. The rectifier topology conception, the principle of operation, control scheme and simulation results are also presented in this paper.
Comparative study of high power factor boost rectifiers in continuous conduction mode
2014 11th IEEE/IAS International Conference on Industry Applications, 2014
This work presents a comparative study of singlephase boost-based ac-dc converters applied to power factor correction. Three structures are chosen for this purpose and analyzed in detail e.g. the classical boost converter, the bridgeless boost converter, and the boost converter based on the three-state switching cell (3SSC) operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). The aforementioned topologies are briefly revised so that they can be properly designed and validated considering results obtained from simulation tests, where aspects such as the input current, regulated output voltage, harmonic content, and dynamic response are investigated.
The Essence of Three-Phase PFC Rectifier Systems—Part II
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2014
In the first part of this paper, three-phase power factor correction (PFC) rectifier topologies with sinusoidal input currents and controlled output voltage are derived from known single-phase PFC rectifier systems and/or passive three-phase diode rectifiers. The systems are classified into hybrid and fully active pulsewidth modulation boost-type or buck-type rectifiers, and their functionality and basic control concepts are briefly described. This facilitates the understanding of the operating principle of three-phase PFC rectifiers starting from single-phase systems, and organizes and completes the knowledge base with a new hybrid three-phase bucktype PFC rectifier topology denominated as SWISS Rectifier. Finally, core topics of future research on three-phase PFC rectifier systems are discussed, such as the analysis of novel hybrid buck-type PFC rectifier topologies, the direct input current control of buck-type systems, and the multi-objective optimization of PFC rectifier systems. The second part of this paper is dedicated to a comparative evaluation of four rectifier systems offering a high potential for industrial applications based on simple and demonstrative performance metrics concerning the semiconductor stresses, the loading and volume of the main passive components, the differential mode and common mode electromagnetic interference noise level, and ultimately the achievable converter efficiency and power density. The results are substantiated with selected examples of hardware prototypes that are optimized for efficiency and/or power density.
Towards a 99% efficient three-phase buck-type PFC rectifier for 400 V DC distribution systems
2011 Twenty-Sixth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC 2011), 2011
In telecom applications, the vision for a total power conversion efficiency from the mains to the output of PoL converters of 95% demands for an optimization of every conversion step, i.e. the PFC rectifier front-end should show an outstanding efficiency in the range of 99%. For recently discussed 400 V DC distribution bus voltages a buck-type PFC rectifier is a logical solution. In this paper, an efficiency-optimized, nearly 99% efficient, 5 kW three-phase buck-type PFC rectifier with 400 V output is presented. Methods for calculating losses of all components are described, and are used to optimize the converter design for efficiency at full load. Special attention is paid to semiconductor losses, which are shown to be dominant, with the parasitic device capacitance losses being a significant component. A prototype of the proposed rectifier is constructed which verifies the accuracy of the models used for loss calculation and optimization.