CERVICAL PAP SMEAR STUDY AND ITS UTILITY IN CANCER SCREENING, TO SPECIFY THE STRATEGY FOR CERVICAL CANCER CONTROL (original) (raw)
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PAP Smear Screening for Precancerous Conditions of the Cervical Cancer
To find the presence of cervical cancer in PAP smears taken from Pakistani women of different age groups. Setting: Materials and Methods: Data of all cervical smears sent to the cytology department of NIH between 1st January 2001 to 31st December 2004 was retrospectively analysed to see the presence of malignancy.
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 2021
Background: Cancer cervix is fourth most common cancer in the world and second most common in India. In India, cervical cancer is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity amongst women. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted among 200 women undergoing Pap Smear Test at gynecology OPD between January-June 2020. Pap smear test was classified as per Bethesda system. Result: Abnormal pap smear report was seen among 25.5% women. Higher proportion of abnormal pap report was seen among women aged 21-30 years (41.17%), with a duration of married life between 10-20 years 33.3%. The common abnormal pap smear report finding were inflammatory changes and vaginosis. Epithelial cell abnormalities were found among 18 (9%) women. Conclusion: Pap smear test is a simple, affordable, effective, and practical screening test for early detection of cervical cancer, and it decreases morbidities and mortalities due to cervical cancer.
A Study on Cervical Cancer Screening Using Pap Smear Test and Clinical Correlation
Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing
The objective of the study is to evaluate the use of the Pap smear screening method for detection of precancerous lesions. All women who visited the outpatient gynecology clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India, over 1 year for different clinical problems were recruited for the study. A total of 1650 women who were sexually active and over 21 years of age were enrolled in the study. A clinical examination, an examination per speculum, and a vaginal examination were performed and a history taken for all women. A Pap smear was used for all women to screen for cervical cancer. The smear was obtained using an Ayre spatula and spread over a marked glass slide, which was placed in 95% ethyl alcohol and sent to the Department of Pathology for cytopathological examination. All data were recorded using a predetermined pro forma. Women who had visible malignant cervical lesions were excluded from the study. Most women were ...
Cervical Cancer screening in a tertiary care centre by Pap smear and its clinical correlation
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2019
Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women and is a major public health problem all over the world. It has significant contribution to high mortality and morbidity. Preinvasive lesions spontaneously regress to normal, remain stable for a long time or progress to higher degree of dysplasia followed by carcinoma cervix. Materials and Method This was a hospital based retrospective study where 456 patients’ records were reviewed. Pap smear was used as the screening tool for the detection of precancerous lesion among the women visiting Western Regional Hospital (WRH), Department of obstetrics and gynecology. Results: Among 456 patients screened, most of them were in the age group of 30-39 years (42.8%) and were of parity 3 (42.8%). Most of them had no risk factors for carcinoma cervix (54.4%). Early marriage accounted for the highest risk of developing precancerous lesion (32.7%). There were no carcinoma detected by Pap smear. The test was negative in 68.9%, Low-...
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.3\_Issue.6\_June2016/Abstract\_IJRR007.html, 2016
Cancer of the cervix is a major burden on women's health worldwide. In India this is the commonest cancer among women and this country has the largest burden of cervical cancer patients in the world. The retrospective study of total 540 patients in the age group of 15-70 years, having symptoms like vaginal discharge, bleeding per vagina. A detailed clinical history was obtained. Smears were taken using modified Ayres spatula. Slides were prepared, labeled, fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol immediately and thereafter stained by Papanicolaou stain. Reporting was done by cytopathologists according to The 2001 Bethesda system. Amongst the 540 pap smears that were studied 357 (66.26%) showed inflammatory lesion, 13 (2.47%) showed atrophic changes, 34 (6.29 %) showed Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 2 (0.3%) showed High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 8 (1.48 %) showed frank Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 11 (2.0%) showed metaplasia, 2 (0.3%) had post radiation changes, 21 (3.88%) were unsatisfactory and 92 (17.13%) were within normal limits. We propose that larger studies are required to estimate the pattern of cervical cytological abnormalities along with detection of common (Human papilloma Virus) HPV strains in cervical cancer in Indian population, as this knowledge would be useful for prevention of HPV infection either by vaccines or future targeted therapy.
Cancer of the cervix is the most common cancer in women and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries like India. Cancer of cervix is readily preventable and can be diagnosed at the pre-invasive stage with adequate and repetitive cytological screening with Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. OBJECTIVES This is a retrospective study aimed to evaluate all cervical smears examined at a teaching tertiary hospital during a 6-month period. METHODS Detailed clinical data and Pap smear cytology reports were obtained. All the Pap smears were reported as per the 2001 Bethesda system. RESULTS A total of 468 Pap smears were examined. Maximum number of patients was in the age group of fourth decade. There were 29 unsatisfactory or inadequate samples (6.1 %). A total of 391 smears were reported as Negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), of which 51 (13.04 %) showed normal cytological findings and 294 (75.19 %) were inflammatory. Out of a total 439 Pap smears...
Role of Pap smear in the screening of cervical cancer: A hospital based study
Journal of Pathology of Nepal
Background: Incidence of cervical cancer has decreased in the developed world due to use of Pap smear as a screening tool. It has been proven as a sensitive screening tool for cervical cancer but its coverage is very low in Nepal. The objective of this study is to find out the incidence of cervical epithelial cell abnormality, its demographic distribution and common presenting symptoms. Materials and Methods: This retrospective comparative study was conducted in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. A total of 950 patients attending gynecological department with various symptoms were enrolled. Only 902 patients were included in the study after excluding inadequate samples. Results: The mean age of patient was 37.94 ± 12.74 years with minimum age of 18 and maximum age of 79 years. The mean age of patients with epithelial abnormality was 47.88 ± 8.87 years. The highest number of Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance was observed between 51-60 y...
Cervical pap smear study and its utility in cervical cancer detection and prevention
Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research
The objective of present study to find out women for precancerous lesions with the help of pap smear test as early identification marker. Determine the percentage of cervical cancer in relationship with demographic, education and occupation. To find out pap smear effectiveness in various infections. To find out correlation pap smear findings with symptoms.This is a cross-sectional study involving the screening of women from the rural population of Siddipet district for the assessment of health status using pap smear test who have attended the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology conducted during the period of August 2019 to May 2021. The present study included 1500 Pap smears, of which the most common abnormality was inflammatory smear, which is followed by atrophic smear. Among all the study respondent’s majority (64.5%) of the women were home makers and not working, remaining participants were either self employed or working women. Percentage of abnormal smear report...
Pap smear examination-its utility in various cervical lesions
Innovative Publication, 2016
Introduction: The leading cause of death in Indian women is cervical malignancy. The rate of mortality can be reduced by early detection by a sensitive method like cervical cytology. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore various non-infectious, benign and malignant cervical lesion and to establish the utility of pap smear examination in screening cervical lesions. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital during January 2013 to June 2013. Two hundred and ten pap smears were screened for various lesions. The age group ranged from 18 years to 70 years. Results: Out of 210 pap smears examined, predominant age group was in between 20-40 years. The inflammatory lesions accounted for 94.3% and premalignant and malignant lesions for 5.7%. Conclusions: Pap smear examination is an easily available and cost effective method for screening various cervical lesions.