Emotion regulation, perfectionism, and eating disorder symptoms in adolescents: the mediating role of cognitive eating patterns (original) (raw)
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Practice in Clinical Psycholoy (JPCP), 2023
Binge eating disorder is a type of eating behavior disorder that occurs with voluntary limitations in eating food. It has a psychological and social origin and is one of the concerns of the World Health Organization. The present study explains the relationship between perfectionism and binge eating disorder in female college students and the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Methods: In this descriptive-correlation study, data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The statistical population of this research consisted of all the female college students of Isfahan City, Iran, in October and November 2022. A total of 214 students were selected by the available sampling method. The participants answered the perfectionism inventory (PI, 2004), the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ, 2001), and the binge eating severity (BES, 1982). The data were analyzed using EMOS 22 software and SEM. Results: The results showed that adaptive cognitive regulation strategies could negatively mediate the relationship between adaptive perfectionism and eating disorder (P<0.01, β=-0.113) while positively and significantly mediating the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and eating disorder (P<0.01, β=0.124). Conclusion: Based on the results, physicians and therapists can incorporate cognitive regulation techniques into eating disorder treatments and help individuals manage perfectionism and negative thoughts. Additionally, educational programs can be developed in counseling centers, schools, and universities to empower individuals to recognize signs and seek help promptly.
Nutrients, 2020
Emotional eating is associated with an increased risk of binge eating, eating in the absence of hunger and obesity risk. While previous studies with children and adolescents suggest that emotion regulation may be a key predictor of this dysregulated eating behavior, little is known about what other factors may be influencing the link between emotional regulation and emotional eating in adolescence. This multi-method longitudinal study (n = 138) utilized linear regression models to examine associations between childhood emotion regulation, adolescent weight status and negative body image, and emotional eating at age 17. Emotion regulation predicted adolescent emotional eating and this link was moderated by weight status (β = 1.19, p < 0.01) and negative body image (β = −0.34, p < 0.01). Higher engagement in emotional eating was predicted by lower emotional regulation scores among normal-weight teens (β = −0.46, p < 0.001) but not among overweight/obese teens (β = 0.32, p >...
Asceticism, perfectionism and overcontrol in youth with eating disorders
Eating and Weight Disorders-studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity, 2020
Purpose Personality traits such as perfectionism and asceticism, and combinations of these traits (i.e., overcontrol) have been related to eating disorder (ED) diagnosis, symptoms, and chronicity in adult patients with EDs. However, as limited evidence exists in adolescents, the aim of the present study was to examine these links in a clinical sample of adolescents with EDs. Method A retrospective chart review was conducted on 178 adolescents (91% females; M age = 15.73 years, SD = 1.31) receiving services at a tertiary care pediatric ED program. An examination of variability in mean levels of perfectionism, asceticism, and overcontrol across ED symptom groups (restrictive and binge/purge ED subtypes) was conducted to learn of diagnostic differences, while correlations were used to explore the association of these personality traits with comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms. Hierarchical linear regression was used to assess whether overcontrol was related to length of stay (LOS) in an inpatient program. Results Results indicated that adolescents with binge-purge symptoms had higher levels of perfectionism, asceticism and overcontrol compared to those with restrictive symptoms, and that greater levels of perfectionism, asceticism and overcontrol were associated with elevated depression and anxiety symptoms. Additionally, overcontrol predicted greater LOS in the inpatient ED program. Conclusion Results suggest the importance of assessing, monitoring and targeting overcontrol in treatment for adolescents with EDs given its impact on comorbid symptoms and LOS. Level of evidence Level III, evidence obtained from case-control analytic studies.
European Eating Disorders Review, 2009
The aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the role of personal standards, self-evaluation, perceived benefits of thinness and attitudes to eating and weight in the development of healthy versus disturbed eating in adolescent girls. In a longitudinal study, girls who participated in two assessments, four to five years apart, were divided into three groups according to the attitudes to eating that they manifested at the second evaluation: those with disturbed eating patterns (DE-group, n ¼ 49), those with intermediate concerns about eating (IE-group, n ¼ 260) and those with healthy eating attitudes (HE-group, n ¼ 120). Variables concerning attitudes to eating and weight and physical self-evaluation emerged as risk factors, whereas personal standards or self-evaluation in general did not. Protective factors were a low BMI, healthy eating attitudes, an accepting attitude towards body size and a positive selfevaluation, particularly with regard to physical and psychological characteristics. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of early risk and protective factors for eating disturbances in girls.
Eating disorder symptoms: association with perfectionism traits in male adolescents
Revista de Psiquiatria Clínica
Background: Evidence indicates a relationship between perfectionism and eating disorder symptoms (EDS). However, there is no such empirical evidence in Brazilian scientific literature. Moreover, studies of EDS in the male sex are scarce. Objective: To analyze a possible association between EDS and perfectionism traits in adolescent males. Methods: Participants were 368 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years. We used the subscales of the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale to assess EDS and perfectionism traits, respectively. Results: The results indicated a statistically significant associa-tion between the high perfectionism trait and EDS (X 2 = 16.40; Wald = 15.92; p = 0.001). Moreover, the findings showed no difference in the scores of the Diet (F (1, 367) = 2.14; p = 0.23) or Concern for Food and Bulimia (F (1, 367) = 2.44; p = 0.19) subscales according to groups of perfectionism. However, we identified a higher score on the Oral Self-Control sub...
Psychological Determinants of Emotional Eating in Adolescence
Eating Disorders, 2009
Emotional eating is conceptualized as eating in response to negative affect. Data from a larger study of physical activity was employed to examine the associations among specific emotions/ moods and emotional eating in an adolescent sample. Six-hundred and sixty-six students of diverse backgrounds from 7 middle schools in Los Angeles County participated. Cross-sectional analysis revealed no gender differences in emotional eating, and showed that perceived stress and worries were associated with emotional eating in the total sample. Gender stratified analyses revealed significant associations of perceived stress, worries and tension/anxiety to emotional eating for girls, while only confused mood was related to emotional eating in boys. These findings bear potential implications for the treatment and prevention of pediatric obesity and eating disorders because they suggest that interventions would benefit from incorporation of stressreduction techniques and promotion of positive mood.
Emotional eating in adolescent females
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2005
Background: Sixteen percent of adolescents in the United States are overweight, a condition which causes major medical and psychological problems. Emotional eating is a risk factor for obesity in adults. The purpose of this study is to investigate the emotional eating behavior of white and black adolescent females across puberty and adolescence. The aims are: 1) to examine whether adolescent females eat in response to emotions and if this changes with puberty, 2) to examine whether emotional eating in adolescent females is influenced by race, pubertal timing, and socioeconomic status (SES), and 3) to determine if emotional eating in early adolescence influences the development of obesity in late adolescence. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS) which collected data from 1987 through 1997 on black and white females, beginning at 9 to 10 years of age. Longitudinal data included: height, weight, pubertal stage (by exam), demographic data, and the Emotion-Induced Eating Scale (EIES) developed for the NGHS. Results: Emotional eating levels were low throughout (average 8-10 out of 21) and age did not influence scores. Significant racial differences emerged with black subjects beginning the study with lower EIES scores than white subjects (10.4 vs. 9.8, p =0.002). Over time, black subjects decreased EIES scores, while white subjects increased scores so that by study termination the black females were reporting lower EIES scores than the white females (9.5 vs. 10.2, p <0.001). Neither puberty nor pubertal timing influenced EIES score. SES was significantly related to EIES score for both races (white, p =0.007; black, p =0.028) with an initial inverse relationship between SES and EIES. Trends then differed by race and SES. EIES score did not influence BMI at any time point in the study. Conclusions: Emotional eating levels are low in the adolescent females and do not affect the development of obesity during the teen years. However, there are interesting racial and SES differences that are worthy of further study, as emotional eating does influence adult obesity.
Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2015
While perfectionism is widely considered to influence risk for eating disorders, results of longitudinal studies are mixed. The goal of the current study was to investigate a more complex model of how baseline perfectionism (both high personal standards and self-critical evaluative concerns) might influence change in risk status for eating disorders in young adolescent girls, through its influence on ineffectiveness. The study was conducted with 926 girls (mean age of 13 years), and involved three waves of data (baseline, 6-and 12-month follow-up). Latent growth curve modelling, incorporating the average rate at which risk changed over time, the intercept (initial status) of ineffectiveness, and baseline perfectionism, was used to explore longitudinal mediation. Personal standards was not supported as contributing to risk but results indicated that the higher mean scores on ineffectiveness over the three waves mediated the relationship between higher baseline self-critical evaluative concerns and both measures of eating disorder risk. The relationship between concern over mistakes and change in risk was small and negative. These results suggest the usefulness of interventions related to self-criticism and ineffectiveness for decreasing risk for developing an eating disorder in young adolescent girls.
Disordered Eating amongst Adolescents
Recent Updates in Eating Disorders [Working Title]
Eating disorder, “a persistent disturbance in eating and its related behaviors” affects both “food consumption and its absorption”, and the overall physical and mental wellbeing of affected individuals. ED is reported worldwide, across gender, ethnical, racial, and socioeconomic strata. Societal emphasis on gender based body-ideals puts extra pressure on adolescents to achieve or maintain unattainable weigh or body shapes, at the cost of them becoming unwell. ED has a complex etiology where an interplay between genetics and environment brings about the onset of symptoms as early as prepubertal years. With their fluctuating and chronic nature, ED may affect perception, emotions, cognition, and behavior. The interface between ED, overeating and obesity, as well as the recent surge in reported cases of ED during Corona pandemic, has focused much attention on eating pathology amongst adolescents. Many adolescents (particularly boys) specially in a prodromal phases of ED, do not yet meet...