Ethnobotanical survey and anti-candidal activity of plant species used for oral candidiasis (original) (raw)
Related papers
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Medicinal Plants against Oral Candida albicans Isolates
In most countries of subtropical Africa, bacterial and fungal infections represent an increasing problem, particularly with patients suffering from severe immune deficiencies. Candida species are responsible for a wide range of systemic as well as superficial opportunistic infections. Candida albicans is a normal commensal, isolated intraorally in 17 to 75% of healthy individuals and all debilitated people. Eradication of candidiasis is complicated by the emergence of Candida strains that are resistant to the currently used antifungal agents. Furthermore, these antifungal agents are limited in number, are costly and in addition may be toxic. Plants as remedies are used by ~80% of the population in developing countries and their use is gaining popularity in developed countries. Although, many plants have already been investigated for their antifungal activity against C.albicans the search is still on to find a long-term prevention or cure for oral candidiasis. It is essential that such a product will prevent a recurrence of the condition, be inexpensive and prevent the development of antifungal resistance.
Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts on Candida albicans
Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research, 2021
Today, opportunistic fungi, especially Candida albicans, are among the most common risk factors in patients with weakened immune systems. Fungal infections caused by Candida species and increasing number of azole-resistant strains are of great importance in immunocompromised patients. The toxicity of the drugs used, the development of resistance to these fungi, and the problems caused by drug interactions necessitate the use of more effective drugs with less toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of medicinal plant extracts on C. albicans. In this review study, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran databases were searched between 2000 and 2019 to identify related articles. The search keywords were “Candida albicans”, “Complementary”, “Herbal medicine” and their Persian equivalents. All in vivo and in vitro trials were included in the study. The reviewed studies showed the effectiveness of some compounds in inhibiting the growth of C. albic...
Antifungal activity of herbal plants against Candida albicans
9 www.pharmacologyjournal.in, 2019
There has been increase in use of herbal medicine by herbalists to cure diseases. They use indigenous knowledge acquired through generations. The plant parts studied were collected from Central Kenya and extracted using solvents of different polarity. Phytochemical analysis both qualitative and quantitative analysis and in-vitro biological activities of the plant extracts against candidiasis were determined using Disk Diffusion method. From the in-vitro bioassay results, it was established that ethanol extract of Vernonia brachycalyx (with inhibition zone of 10.5 mm) and Aloe secundiflora (with inhibition zone of 7.0 mm) were the most active against Candida albicans, the causative agent of candidiasis. The antimicrobial activities using the different solvents were statistically different (p < 0.05). The anti-microbial activity results of this research provided a scientific basis for the use of investigated herbal extracts in the treatment of candidiasis.
An Emerging Hope to Combat Candida Albicans: Plant Based Therapeutics
Candida associated morbidity and mortality is reported to increase at an alarming rate worldwide due to its lead role in hospital acquired infections (Nosocomial infections). Rising incidences on resistance in Candida species to existing antifungal drugs and the frequent occurrence of Candidosis have prompted the researchers to look for alternative therapeutics. Several plant extracts have been screened by various groups for anti-Candidal properties. These plants could provide cost effective and safer approach of treating Candidosis, justifying the basis for developing herbal drugs against the deadly pathogen. In this review we have compiled more than hundred studies demonstrating the ability of plant extracts to combat Candida pathogenesis, with a perspective of developing herbal anti-Candida drugs.
In_vitro_Antifungal_activity_of_medicinal_plants_leaf_extracts_against_candida_albicans.
Crude leaf extracts from medicinal plants were screened for in vitro antifungal properties against clinical isolate of Candida albicans. The antifungal test was carried out using the Kirby Bauer method. All the extracts from the plants tested showed antifungal activity against clinical isolate of Candida albicans with the extract from Vernonia lasiopus being more active as compared to the others. The minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 4.0 to 8.9 mg/ml. The standard antifungal used as positive control was fluconazole (15 μg/ml) whereas dimethyl sulphoxide and distilled water were used as negative control. Preliminary screening for the presence of phytochemicals was also done to determine if there was presence of any, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and alkaloids.
Antimicrobial Activity of Five Medicinal Plants on Candida Albicans
Iranian Jornal of Toxicology, 2016
Background: In recent years, drug resistance to human pathogenic fungi has been increased. Medicinal plants are one way to overcome antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal and inhibitory activity of five medicinal plants on the growth of Candida albicans.
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2012
Introduction: The current research has focused on the potentiality of medicinal plants for treatment of Candida albicans infections. Five plants viz. Clerodendron colebrookianum Walp. (Leaf), Gnetum gnemon L. (Leaf), Sarcochlamys pulcherrima (Roxb.) Gaud. (Leaf), Garcinia lancifolia (Don) Roxb (Leaf) and Euryale ferox Salisb. (Seed), used as traditional medicines in Cachar district, Assam, India were selected to evaluate in vitro activity against C. albicans. Methods: The plant samples were extracted with methanol. Agar well diffusion assay was used to test the activity of the plant extracts and broth microdilution method was used to determine the MIC. Results: All extracts showed anticandidial activity with zones of inhibition ranging from 17 to 25 mm at 2 × 10 5 µg/ml extract. E. ferox and S. pulcherrima showed the highest activity with the MIC value of 1.25 × 10 4 µg/ml. The remaining extracts were comparatively less effective showing MIC value of 2.5 × 10 4 µg/ml. Conclusions: Anticandidial activity of the plants extracts, observed in this study highlighted further in vivo investigation and identification of the active compounds for therapeutic uses. The anticandidial activity of S. pulcherrima and G. lancifolia is probably the first report to the best of our knowledge.
Antifungal Properties of Some Tropical Plant Extract against Pathogenic Strains of Candida Albican
International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 2017
Introduction Fungal diseases represent a critical problem to health and they are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide (Meena et al., 2010). Fungal infections have increased worldwide largely because of the increasing size of people at risk, including immune compromised patients receiving parenteral hyper alimentation and/or broad-spectrum antibiotics (Bouza et al.,2008). Other reasons are increase in immunosuppressive conditions like AIDS and other factors such as organ transplantation, leukemia, diabetes and intravenous drug misuse among others (Razzaghi-Abyaneh et al., 2014). An important group of the skin pathogens are the fungi, among which dermatophytes and candida spp. are prominent (Fan et al., 2008, De-Toledo et al., 2011). Under certain circumstances usually associated with a compromised host immune system, Candida albicans and related species can become pathogenic, causing oral, vaginal and/or systemic candidiasis (Rekha and Vidyasagar, 2013). Candida albicans is notorious for causing candidiasis, it can affect esophagus with the potential of becoming systemic, causing a more serious condition called Candidemia (Pappas, 2006). It can also cause a variety of infections that range from non-life threatening mucosal candidiasis like vaginal yeast infections, thrust, skin and diaper rash to lethal disseminated candidiasis in those with compromised immune system who have an implantable medical device such as peace maker or artificial joint, or who use broad spectrum antibiotics (Bhaven et al., 2010). Although a large number of antimicrobial agents have been discovered, pathogenic microorganisms are constantly developing resistance to those agents (Al-Bari et al., 2006). However, since many of the available antifungal drugs have undesirable side effect or are very toxic, produce recurrence, show drug-drug interactions or lead to the development of resistance, some show ineffectiveness (Muschietti et al., 2005) and have become therefore less successful in therapeutic strategies. It is therefore necessary to search for more effective and less toxic novel antifungal agents that would overcome these disadvantages. The present investigation is focused on the screening of Anogeissus leiocarpus (Marke in Hausa), Parkia
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2021
The objective of this review was to provide antifungal recommendations for Oral Candidiasis (OC) derived from herbal medicine based on the research results of the last 5 y. This systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using the PubMed and Science Direct databases with studies published between 2016 and 2021. The review was conducted on 13 studies, in vitro and clinical trial. A total of 41 species of plants have studied its antifungal effects on Candida albicans. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) varied in the range of 0.098 µl/ml to 125 µl/ml for different types of plants and Candida samples, while the mean inhibition zone (ZOI) was 11 mm. The most recommended herbal medicine for the development of antifungal drugs for oral candidiasis therapy were Nigella sativa, Lawsonia inermis, and Zingiber officinale.
This paper focuses on determining the antifungal potential of plants traditionally used to treat infections. Five (5) plants were collected. The anti-Candida albicans activity was evaluated by the double dilution method in tilted tubes with the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of the different plants. The results showed that 70% ethanolic extracts were more active than the aqueous extracts for all the plants. The 70% ethanolic extract of Terminalia ivorensis (MFC = 1.56 mg/mL) was the most active on the tested strain. This was followed by Terminalia Superba (MFC = 3.125 mg/mL), Distemonanthus benthamianus (MFC = 50 mg/mL), Gmelina arborea (MFC= 50 mg/mL), and Justicia secunda (MFC ˃ 50 mg/mL). The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of seven (7) major groups of compounds. Saponosides are present only in the aqueous extracts of plants. Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Polyterpenes,