Correction to: Understanding the Origins of Problem Geomagnetic Storms Associated with “Stealth” Coronal Mass Ejections (original) (raw)

Understanding the Origins of Problem Geomagnetic Storms Associated with “Stealth” Coronal Mass Ejections

Space Science Reviews, 2021

Geomagnetic storms are an important aspect of space weather and can result in significant impacts on space- and ground-based assets. The majority of strong storms are associated with the passage of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) in the near-Earth environment. In many cases, these ICMEs can be traced back unambiguously to a specific coronal mass ejection (CME) and solar activity on the frontside of the Sun. Hence, predicting the arrival of ICMEs at Earth from routine observations of CMEs and solar activity currently makes a major contribution to the forecasting of geomagnetic storms. However, it is clear that some ICMEs, which may also cause enhanced geomagnetic activity, cannot be traced back to an observed CME, or, if the CME is identified, its origin may be elusive or ambiguous in coronal images. Such CMEs have been termed “stealth CMEs”. In this review, we focus on these “problem” geomagnetic storms in the sense that the solar/CME precursors are enigmatic and steal...

Earth–directed coronal mass ejections and their geoeffectiveness during the 2007–2010 interval

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, 2011

In this study we analyse the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) directed towards the Earth during the interval 2007–2010, using the data acquired by STEREO mission and those provided by SOHO, ACE and geomagnetic stations. A study of CMEs kinematics is performed. This is correlated with CMEs interplanetary manifestations and their geomagnetic effects, along with the energy transfer flux into magnetosphere (the Akasofu coupling function). The chosen interval that is practically coincident with the last solar minimum, offered us a good opportunity to link and analyse the chain of phenomena from the Sun to the terrestrial magnetosphere in an attempt to better understand the solar and heliospheric processes that can cause major geomagnetic storms.

Preprint typeset using LATEX style emulateapj v. 04/20/08 SUCCESSIVE SOLAR FLARES AND CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS ON 2005 SEPTEMBER 13 FROM NOAA AR 10808

2008

We present a multiwavelength study of the 2005 September 13 eruption from NOAA 10808 that produced total four flares and two fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) within ∼1.5 hours. Our primary attention is paid to the fact that these eruptions occurred in close succession in time, and that all of them were located along an S-shaped magnetic polarity inversion line (PIL) of the active region. In our analysis, (1) the disturbance created by the first flare propagated southward along the PIL to cause a major filament eruption that led to the first CME and the associated second flare underneath. (2) The first CME partially removed the overlying magnetic fields over the northern δ spot to allow the third flare and the second CME. (3) The ribbon separation during the fourth flare would indicate reclosing of the overlying field lines opened by the second CME. It is thus concluded that this series of flares and CMEs are interrelated to each other via magnetic reconnections between the expandi...