The use of porphyrins for eradication of Staphylococcus aureus in burn wound infections (original) (raw)
Related papers
2021
The photoinactivation efficiency of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with cationic porphyrin derivatives (CPDs) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strain was assessed. MDR bacterial strains including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were used. The CPDs named PM, PE, PN, and PL were synthesized as a photosensitizer (PS). A diode laser with a wavelength of 655 nm was used as a light source. Photoinactivation efficiency of the combinations formed with different energy density (50, 100, and 150 J/cm²) and PS concentrations (ranging from 3.125 µM and 600 µM) on each bacterial strain were evaluated. Toxicity of the aPDT combinations that showed a strong photoinactivation on the bacterial strains and dark toxicity of PSs and were evaluated on fibroblasts cells. In the aPDT experiments, survival reductions of up to 5.80 log₁₀ on E. coli, 5.90 log₁₀ on P. aeruginosa, 6.11 log₁₀ on K. pneumoniae and 6.78 log₁₀ on A....
Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria, 2021
Wound infections have become life threatening as a result of treatment failures caused by multi-drug resistant pathogens. The search for newer compounds potent against antibiotic resistant bacteria associated with wounds is crucial. Hence this study investigated the application of antibacterial photodynamic therapy using meso tetra-(4-phenyl) porphyrin (TPP), metallated with zinc, tin and silver (ZnTPP, SnTPP and AgTPP), meso tetra-(4-sulphonatephenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) and the corresponding metallo meso tetra-(4-sulphonatephenyl) porphyrin (MTPPS) as photosensitizers. The in-vitro toxicity and photo-toxicity properties on four chronic wound colonizing multi-drug resistant bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., and Escherichia coli were assessed using agar well diffusion method. Photo-toxicity of the compounds was investigated using 100 Watt tungsten lamp. Inhibitory activity of porphyrins tested against these bacterial strains showed Staphylococcus au...
Ethiopian Journal of Science and Technology
Continuous proliferation of bacteria in a wound delays its healing process, and could further extend to becoming a chronic wound infection. The effectiveness of different porphyrins as a photosensitizer in antibacterial photodynamic therapy for the inactivation of some wound-colonizing bacteria was studied as a screening experiment. Meso-tetra(4-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin, (TMPP), meso-tetra(4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin (THPP), meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin, (TCPP), meso-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin, (TMPyP) were synthesized, each complexed with zinc, tin and silver. The in-vitro and photo-toxicity properties of the porphyrins and their complexes were assessed on some selected wound colonizing multi-drug resistant bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli) using agar well diffusion method. Photo-toxicity of the compounds were investigated using a 100-Watt tungsten lamp while the in-vitro toxicity was carried o...
Journal of Microbiology, 2018
Photodynamic antimicrobial activity of new porphyrin derivatives against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with multiple drug resistance patterns is frequently isolated from skin and soft tissue infections that are involved in chronic wounds. Today, difficulties in the treatment of MRSA associated infections have led to the development of alternative approaches such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. This study aimed to investigate photoinactivation with cationic porphyrin derivative compounds against MRSA in in-vitro conditions. In the study, MRSA clinical isolates with different antibiotic resistance profiles were used. The newly synthesized cationic porphyrin derivatives (PM, PE, PPN, and PPL) were used as photosensitizer, and 655 nm diode laser was used as light source. Photoinactivation experiments were performed by optimizing energy doses and photosensitizer concentrations. In photoinactivation experiments with different energy densities and photosensitizer concentrations, more than 99% reduction was achieved in bacterial cell viability. No decrease in bacterial survival was observed in control groups. It was determined that there was an increase in photoinactivation efficiency by increasing the energy dose. At the energy dose of 150 J/cm 2 a survival reduction of over 6.33 log 10 was observed in each photosensitizer type. While 200 μM P M concentration was required for this photoinactivation, 12.50 μM was sufficient for P E , P PN , and P PL. In our study, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy performed with cationic porphyrin derivatives was found to have potent antimicrobial efficacy against multidrug resistant S. aureus which is frequently isolated from wound infections.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
The antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) exerted by porphyrins has been ascribed for the production of singlet oxygen species. This research paper evaluates the singlet oxygen production capacity and photodynamic efficacy of two neutral porphyrins, meso-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxylphenyl)porphyrin (m-THPP), meso-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-pyridyl)porphyrin (m-T3-PyP) and one cationic meso-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-3-yl)porphyrin tetraiodide (m-T-3Py + P4I-) on nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC #25923) strain. Absorption, emission and excitation spectra were utilised to estimate the singlet oxygen quantum yields, (φ∆), of the porphyrins. The singlet oxygen yields of the porphyrins were in 0.005 and 0.15 range and are considered adequate for the photoinactivation of bacteria. The antibacterial photodynamic therapy experiment revealed that the Staphylococcus aureus colonies were totally eliminated at a concentration of 2.50 mg/mL under light emitting diodes blue light of 470 nm wavelength for 60 minutes. This investigation further upholds the perception of aPDT as an auspicious substitute for treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
In this work, the results of the application of organic expanded porphyrins in the disinfection of water by the photodynamic inactivation (PDI) technique are presented. The photoinactivation properties of a novel, expanded porphyrin, namely 20-(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,13-dimethyl-3,12-diethyl-(22π) pentaphyrin (PCCox), were tested in the disinfection of water using Staphylococcus aureus as a Gram-positive bacteria model. The data showed that PCCox was effective against S. aureus bacteria at nanomolar concentrations. The variation with irradiation time and concentration was studied using both a multi-LED monochromatic light (λ ¼ 470 nm) and an incandescent light bulb with a wide emission spectrum. A PCCox dosage of 5 μM was sufficient to achieve a 99.997% abatement of S. aureus within 1 h of 40 W/m 2 irradiation with monochromatic light (λ ¼ 470 nm), whereas under the same conditions using irradiation with white light, the abatement was 99.9997%.
Photo-activated porphyrin in combination with antibiotics: Therapies against Staphylococci
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 2013
Staphylococcal infections have become difficult to treat due to antibiotic insensitivity and resistance. Antimicrobial combination therapies may minimize acquisition of resistance and photodynamic therapy is an attractive candidate for these combinations. In this manuscript, we explore combined use of antibiotics and meso-tetra (4-aminophenyl) porphine (TAPP), a cationic porphyrin, for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus contamination. We characterize the antimicrobial activity of photoactivated TAPP and show that activity is largely lost in the presence of a radical scavenger. Importantly, TAPP can be reactivated with continued, albeit attenuated, antibacterial activity. We then show that the antimicrobial activity of illuminated TAPP is additive with chloramphenicol and tobramycin for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and synergistic for MRSA and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Chloramphenicol + methylene blue, another photosensitizer, also show additivity against Staphylococcus aureus. In contrast, ceftriaxone and vancomycin do not strongly augment the low level effects of TAPP against S. aureus. Eukaryotic cells exhibit a dose-dependent toxicity with illuminated TAPP. Our results suggest that even sub-minimum inhibitory concentration levels of photo-activated TAPP could be used to boost the activity of waning antibiotics. This may play an important role in treatments reliant on antibiotic controlled release systems where augmentation with photo-active agents could extend their efficacy.
Lasers in Medical Science, 2010
The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to develop multidrug resistance is well documented, and the antibiotic resistance showed by an increasing number of bacteria has shown the need for alternative therapies to treat infections, photodynamic therapy (PDT) being a potential candidate. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of photodynamic therapy as a light–based bactericidal modality to eliminate Staphylococcus aureus. The study investigated a technique based on a combination of light and a photosensitizer that is capable of producing oxidative species to induce a cytotoxic effect. A Staphylococcus aureus suspension was exposed to a light emitting diode (LED) emitting at 628 nm, 14.6 mW/cm2, and energy density of 20J/cm2, 40J/cm2, or 60 J/cm2 in the presence of different porphyrin concentrations (Photogem®). Three drug concentrations were employed: 12 μl/ml, 25 μl/ml, and 50 μl/ml. The treatment response was evaluated by the number of bacterial colony forming units (CFU) after light exposure. The results indicated that exposure to 60 J/cm2 eliminated 100% (10 log10 scales) of bacteria, on average. The best PDT response rate to eliminate Staphylococcus aureus was achieved with exposure to LED light in combination with the photosensitizer at concentrations ranging from 25 μl/ml to 50 μl/ml. These data suggest that PDT has the potential to eliminate Staphylococcus aureus in suspension and indicates the necessary drug concentration and light fluency.
ACS Omega
Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation represents a promising and potentially greener alternative to conventional antimicrobials, and a solution for multidrug-resistant strains. The current study reports the development and characterization of tetra-substituted diazirine porphyrin covalently bonded to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and its use as an antimicrobial surface. The diazirine moiety on the porphyrin was activated using a temperature of 120°C, which initiated a C−H insertion mechanism that irreversibly functionalized the PET surface. Activation of the surface with white LED light in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) led to singlet oxygen generation, which was detected via the degradation of 9,10-anthracenediylbis(methylene)dimalonic acid (ADMA) over time. The bactericidal effect of the 1 O 2-producing surface against Staphylococcus aureus was determined qualitatively and quantitatively. The growth of the pathogen beneath porphyrin-functionalized PET coupons was reduced; moreover, the PET coupons resulted in a 1.76-log reduction in cell counts after exposure to white LED light for 6 h. This is a promising material and platform for the development of safer antimicrobial surfaces, with applications in healthcare, food packaging, marine surfaces, and other surfaces in the environment.