The comparative gastrointestinal morphology ofJaculus jaculus(Rodentia) andParaechinus aethiopicus(Erinaceomorpha) (original) (raw)
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Journal of morphology, 2016
Jaculus jaculus (Lesser Egyptian jerboa) and Paraechinus aethiopicus (Desert hedgehog) are small mammals which thrive in desert conditions and are found, among others, in the Arabian Peninsula. Jaculus jaculus is omnivorous while P. aethiopicus is described as being insectivorous. The study aims to describe the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphology of these animals which differ in diet and phylogeny. The GITs of J. jaculus (n = 8) and P. aethiopicus (n = 7) were weighed, photographed, and the length, basal surface areas, and luminal surface areas of each of the anatomically distinct gastrointestinal segments were determined. The internal aspects of each area were examined and photographed while representative histological sections of each area were processed to wax and stained using haematoxylin and eosin. Both species had a simple unilocular stomach which was confirmed as wholly glandular on histology sections. Paraechinus aethiopicus had a relatively simple GIT which lacked a ca...
Journal of Morphology, 2013
The gastrointestinal morphology was investigated in three mammalian insectivorous species, namely Acomys spinosissimus, Crocidura cyanea, and Amblysomus hottentotus. The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive morphological comparison between the different species and to explore whether anatomical gastrointestinal adaptations are associated with the insectivorous diet of these species. The shape, proportional length, and proportional surface areas of the different gastrointestinal regions were recorded and compared in the three insectivores. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Alcian Blue/Periodic Acid Schiff (AB/PAS) were used for morphological assessment. In all three species, the stomach was simple and uncompartmentalized. The internal aspect of the stomach in A. spinosissimus was hemi-glandular, containing stratified squamous epithelium in the fundus, with glandular epithelium in the body and pyloric region. However, C. cyanea and A. hottentotus had wholly glandular stomachs. Paneth cells were not observed in the intestinal tracts of C. cyanea and A. hottentotus. Acomys spinosissimus was the only species studied that had a cecum. The proximal colonic region of A. spinosissimus had V-shaped mucosal folds. Histologically, C. cyanea had villi throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract (GIT), whereas for A. hottentotus villi were not present in the most distal gastrointestinal regions. In both C. cyanea and A. hottentotus, longitudinal mucosal folds were present in the distal part of the colon. The GITs of C. cyanea and A. hottentotus showed little morphological differentiation namely, a simple, glandular stomach and the lack of a cecum.
MORPHOMETRICS OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL OF FIVE INSECT SPECIES IN DIFFERENT FEEDING HABITS
The morphometrics of the alimentary canal (AC) of five insect species viz., Agathocles limbatus (sap feeder), Hemiptera; Apis indica (pollen and nectar feeder), Hymenoptera; Chrysomya megacephala (Omnivorous), Diptera; Oxya chinensis (Herbivorous), Orthoptera, and Periplaneta americana (Omnivorous), Orthroptra were studied. Total lengths of the AC of all five insect species were measured. Length and width of all the parts of the foregut, mid gut and hindgut were also measured by an ocular and a stage micrometer. Percentages of the length of different parts of the AC were calculated for the above mentioned insect species. One way 'Analysis of variance' and "Tukey"s honest significance difference" tests were prepared for multiple comparisons of the results. The longest and the shortest AC were found in Periplaneta americana (68.88 mm ± 6.36) and Apis indica (14.43 ± 1.38 mm), respectively. Crop was absent in A. limbatus and proventriculus was absent in A. limbatus and C. megacephala. Length and widths of each part of the foregut were significantly different (p < 0.05) from each other. The highest percent (19.46) of crop was present in C. megacephala and proventriculus (13.12) was present in O. chinensis. Lengths and widths of each of the parts of the mid gut and hindgut were significantly (p < 0.05) different from each other except the width of the Malpighian tubules. The highest per cent of midgut caeca (15.18) and Malpighian tubules (25.47) were present in O. chinensis.
Basic and Applied Herpetology
Japalura swinhonis is an endemic agamid lizard in Taiwan, and although its diet has been examined in northern Taiwan and Orchid Island, it has not been investigated in other parts of its range. Investigating the diet of a species from different parts of its range is crucial due to temporal and spatial variations in it. This study examined the dietary items of 47 J. swinhonis from Santzepu and Yunlin, southwestern Taiwan. We also reviewed the diet of J. swinhonis and compared it with that of Anolis sagrei from Santzepu, where these species are sympatric in anthropogenically created habitats such as Areca catechu plantations and fruit orchards. The diet of J. swinhonis from Santzepu was dominated by hymenopterans, followed by coleopterans, lepidopterans and trichopterans, while that of the J. swinhonis from Yunlin was dominated by isopterans, followed by hymenopterans, lepidopterans and coleopterans. The diet of A. sagrei from Santzepu was mainly dominated by hymenopterans, lepidopterans, araneids, hemipterans, coleopterans, dipterans, isopterans and orthopterans, in that order of frequency. From the results of this study it is evident that in areas where J. swinhonis and A. sagrei are sympatric there is a substantial dietary niche overlap, and competition for prey is very likely. K Key words: arboreal; competition; invasive species; sit-and-wait forager. Notas adicionales sobre la dieta de Japalura swinhonis (Agamidae) en el suroeste de Taiwán, con comentarios acerca de su solapamiento trófico con la especie simpátrica Anolis sagrei (Polychrotidae). Japalura swinhonis es un agámido endémico en Taiwán, y aunque su dieta se ha examinado en el norte de Taiwán y la isla de Orchid, no se ha estudiado en otras partes de su rango de distribución. Investigar la dieta de una especie en diferentes partes de su rango geográfico es crucial debido a la existencia de variaciones temporales y espaciales. Este estudio examina la dieta de 47 J. swinhonis de Santzepu y Yunlin, en el suroeste de Taiwan. También revisamos la dieta de J. swinhonis y la comparamos con la de Anolis sagrei en Santzepu, donde estas especies aparecen en simpatría en hábitats creados por el hombre, tales como las plantaciones de Areca catechu y frutales. La dieta de J. swinhonis de Santzepu estuvo dominada por himenópteros, seguidos de coleópteros, lepidópteros y tricópteros, mientras que la de J. swinhonis de Yunlin estuvo dominada por isópteros, seguidos de himenópteros, lepidópteros y coleópteros. La dieta de A. sagrei de Santzepu consistió principalmente de himenópteros, lepidópteros, araneidos, hemípteros, coleópteros, dípteros, isópteros y ortópteros, en este orden de frecuencia. A partir de los resultados de este estudio parece evidente que en áreas en las que J. swinhonis y A. sagrei aparecen en simpatría existe un solapamiento sustancial de la dieta, con una probable competencia por las presas.
Gross Anatomy of the Stomach of the Cervus Elaphus barbarus Hassen Jerbi * & William Pérez
SUMMARY: The barbary stag is an intermediate feeder ruminant of the Cervidae family. The macroscopic anatomy of the stomach in one adult barbary stag was described. The stomach of the barbary stag was composed of the four classic compartments of the ruminants. The weight of the full stomach was 10.5 Kg. The ruminal papillae were distributed unevenly in the rumen. The maximum height of the cristae reticuli was 0.2 cm. The cellulae reticuli were mostly undivided. The curvatura omasi measured 15.0 cm and the omasum had 15 primary, 10 secondary, 10 tertiary and 17 cuaternaryLaminae omasi. The abomasum had about 12 plicae spirales abomasi.We concluded that the stomach morphology of the barbary stag had characteristics of other intermediate feeder ruminants. KEY WORDS: Abomasum; Abdomen; Cervidae; Forestomach; Proventriculus. INTRODUCTION The classification of ruminants into three groups according to their feeding types (browsers, intermediate feeders, grazers) has been linked to anatomical studies, mainly of African, European, and North American species (Hofmann,1973, 1988). Most cervids are considered either browsers (i.e., natural diet consisting mainly of dicotyledonous forage, like tree foliage, herbs, or wild fruits) or intermediate feeders (i.e., consuming monocotyledonous forage – grasses – to a certain degree, mostly dependent on seasonal variation in forage availability) (Hofmann, 1985). The barbary stag (Cervus elaphus barbarus), or atlas deer is a subspecies of red deer that is the only member of the deer family that is native to Africa in the countries of Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco. Cervus elaphus was considered an intermediate feeder, with a tendency to include more browse than grass intheir natural diet (Gebert&Verheyden-Tixier, 2001). In this work we described the stomach of one male Cervus elaphus
2019
Acrida anatolica and Parapholidoptera spinulosa are two different species of migratory caterpiller in the same family and both are threats to agriculture. They areharmful, they migrate and spread wide areas. Herbivorous Acrida anatolica has strong chewy mouth part, mandibula is considered to be the basic insect mouth type. Parapholidoptera spinulosa a carnivorous species, has a strong chewing gut. The purpose of this study is to compare the structures of the digestive tracts of these species. The digestive tract is divided into three parts, the foregut, midgut, and the hindgut. The prismatic epithelium, external circular and longitudinal muscles, connective tissue, granular structures and peritrophic membrane are the parts of the foregut. The caeceum is also found in this portion.The grasshoppers were collected from the Ondokuz Mayis University Campus and kept in special containers and fed with wheat grass, fresh grass and with different insects. During the dissection process, the d...
Individuals of Akodon cursor were collected at fragments from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and laboratory food preference experiments were performed. A preference index for each food item and the proportions of organic nutrients (glucids, protein, lipids and fi bers) on the diet were calculated. Food items were grouped into fruits, seeds, roots, animal matter, arthropods, tubers and leaves, and their mass and proportions consumed were also calculated. Macroscopic digestive tract morphology was briefl y described and the length of digestive organs was measured. Relations between the organic nutrient mass consumption, food type mass consumption and the digestive tract organ relative length were analyzed using Akaike ' s information criteria. Fruits, seeds and roots made the most abundant food categories of the diet of A. cursor and presented the majority of preferred food items. Arthropods and seeds are related to protein consumption. Animal items are not considered preferred but were eventually chosen and are important for protein supply. Fruits and roots are the major source of glucids. Akodon cursor has simple macroscopic digestive organ morphology. Relations were found between lipids consumption and small intestine and caecum length. Akodon cursor is an omnivorous species and different food items are important for its nutritional supply even those that are considered non-preferred.
Arthropods, 2020, Vol. 9, No. 4
Arthropods, 2020
Arthropods ISSN 2224-4255 arthropods@iaees.org Volume 9, Number 4, 1 December 2020 Cover Pages [Front Pages (142K)] [Back Pages (63K)] Articles Biochemical characterization of digestive carbohydrases in Moroccan locust, Dociostaurus maroccanus Thunberg (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Arthropods, 2020, 9(4): 119-128 Bahareh Rafiei, Mohammad Ghadamyari, Sohrab Imani, et al. [Abstract] [XML] [EndNote] [RefManager] [BibTex] [DOAJ] [PubMed] [ Full PDF (907K)] [Email Article] [Comment/Review Article] Wing characters for morphological study on the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) populations among six provinces of Iran Arthropods, 2020, 9(4): 129-138 Shahram Dadgostar, Jamasb Nozari, Gholamhossein Tahmasbi [Abstract] [XML] [EndNote] [RefManager] [BibTex] [DOAJ] [PubMed] [ Full PDF (815K)] [Email Article] [Comment/Review Article] Morpho-taxonomic study of some planktonic caught megalopal stages collected from northern Arabian Sea Arthropods, 2020, 9(4): 139-154 Muhammad Aslam [Abstract] [XML] [EndNote] [RefManager] [BibTex] [DOAJ] [PubMed] [ Full PDF (571K)] [Email Article] [Comment/Review Article] Microhabitat preference and biology of Holconia insignis (Thorell, 1870) (Araneae:Sparassidae) in banana plantation agroecosystem Arthropods, 2020, 9(4): 155-163 Akamu Jude Ewunkem, Christophe Parr Mbua, Nelson Neba Ntonifor [Abstract] [XML] [EndNote] [RefManager] [BibTex] [DOAJ] [PubMed] [ Full PDF (178K)] [Email Article] [Comment/Review Article] Latitudinal gradient in species richness of Sphaerotherium Arthropods, 2020, 9(4): 164-170 Mark Cooper [Abstract] [XML] [EndNote] [RefManager] [BibTex] [DOAJ] [PubMed] [ Full PDF (155K)] [Email Article] [Comment/Review Article] First record of some jumping spiders (Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae) from Pench National Park, Maharashtra State, India Arthropods, 2020, 9(4): 171-174 Pawan U. Gajbe [Abstract] [XML] [EndNote] [RefManager] [BibTex] [DOAJ] [PubMed] [ Full PDF (191K)] [Email Article] [Comment/Review Article]
Acta Zoologica, 2018
We compare the main histological features of the digestive tract of three selected New World didelphid marsupials (Mammalia, Metatheria, Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae): the White-eared Opossum Didelphis albiventris Lund, 1840, the Short-tailed Opossum Monodelphis dimidiata Wagner, 1847, and the Patagonian Opossum Lestodelphys halli Thomas, 1921. The three species have a geographic distribution restricted to south-eastern and southern South America, and have quite distinct body masses, adaptations and life histories. Our observations include the following: (i) submucosal glands are present throughout the oesophagus of D. albiventris, only in its first third in M. dimidiata, and are lacking in L. halli; (ii) in the stomach and duodenum, the serus coat coat in D. albiventris is cuboidal (simple, squamous mesothelial layer in the other two species); (iii) the duodenum in L. halli has large folds, short crypts and Brunner’s glands (the other species lack folds and Brunner’s glands); (iv) the colon’s mucous membrane has short, scarce villi in D. albiventris (villi absent in the remaining species). Some of the observed differences can be due to ecological adaptations, especially in the relatively large-sized, extremely omnivorous D. albiventris (e.g., colon villi).
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2010
The peccary digestive tract is characterised by an elaborate forestomach. In order to further characterise the digestive function of peccaries, we report body mass, digestive organ mass, content mass of the gastrointestinal tract compartments and their length and width, as well as liver, parotis and mandibular gland mass. Our data on eleven collared and four white-lipped peccaries suggest that peccaries have a small relative stomach volume compared to other foregut fermenters, which implies a comparatively lower fermentative capacity and thus forage digestibility. The forestomach could enable peccaries to deal, in conjunction with their large parotis glands, with certain plant toxins (e.g. oxalic acid). The finding of sand being trapped in the forestomach blindsacs could indicate a disadvantage of the peccary forestomach design. The relevance of the forestomach to peccaries remains enigmatic.