Productivity and Resource Use in a Maize-Grain Legume Intercropping System in Punjab, Pakistan (original) (raw)
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Crop productivity of maize-legume intercropping system for yield and yield attributes were evaluated under different fertility treatments at National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan during 2007 and 2008 using complete randomized strip block design replicated thrice. Three cropping systems were kept in vertical blocks and five fertility treatments were placed in horizontal blocks. According to results of the study it was revealed that half poultry manure + half PK+ inoculation gave maximum maize grain yield of 4830.95 kg ha -1 and biological yield of 15330.29 kg ha -1 respectively, while cropping systems did not have an affect on grain and biological yields of maize to the significant extent. Likewise, maximum number of rows ear -1 , number of grains row -1 , grains ear -1 , 1000-grain weight and harvest index % were observed in the same treatment. Maize + mashbean intercropping accrued the highest net benefit of Rs. 93546.52 ha -1 , while minimum net benefit of Rs.23121.80 ha -1 was obtained in sole maize. On the basis of agronomic as well as economic performance of maize + mashbean intercropping, it was well evident that combined use of organic, biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers was proved to be more productive and remunerative and can be recommended for maize growers to elevate income.
Productivity of maize-legume intercropping systems under rainfed situation
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2014
The present experiment was carried out to study the intercropping effect of green gram, black gram, soybean, groundnut and red gram with maize during kharif season of 2009 and 2010. Treatments consisted of sole crop of maize [rows spaced 60 cm apart (M 1) and paired rows (30 cm apart) spaced at 90 cm apart (M 2)], green gram (GG), black gram (BG), soybean (SB), groundnut (GN), and red gram (RG); intercropping of M 1 +GG, M 1 +BG, M 1 +SB, M 1 +GN and M 1 +RG with 1:1 and M 2 +2GG, M 2 +2BG, M 2 +2SB, M 2 +2GN and M 2 +2RG with 2:2 row proportions. Maize equivalent yield was always higher in all the intercropping situations as compared to pure stand yield of maize. The highest maize grain yield was obtained with maize + green gram intercropping (2783.11 kg ha-1) in 1:1. The highest maize equivalent yield was observed with maize + red gram (5270.46 kg ha-1) in 2:2 intercropping system. Values of land equivalent ratio, relative value total, relative net return and area time equivalent ratio were greater than unity and differed significantly in between both the groups of 1:1 and 2:2 proportions of intercropping. Highest gross and net return of Rs.55191.60 ha-1 and Rs.39950.30 ha-1 respectively was recorded in maize+red gram (2:2) intercropping.
Evaluation of Yield and Yield Components in Intercropping of Maize and Green Bean
2016
Intercropping cultivation of cereal-legume is the most common method in intercropping cultivation. In order to evaluation yield and yield components in intercropping of maize and green bean, an experiment was conducted as split plot design in completely randomized blocks with three replication in crop year 2008-2009 in Macco, Iran. The main factor included three density levels (D1: 60000 plants of maize + 200000 plants of green bean per hectare, D2: 75000 plants of maize + 300000 plants of green bean per hectare and D3: 90000 plants of maize + 400000 plants of green bean per hectare, respectively). The sub factor included five planting arrangements (R1: pure cultivation of green bean, R2: pure cultivation of maize, R3: intercropping %50 green bean + %50 maize, R4: intercropping %75 green bean + %25 maize and R5: intercropping of %25 green bean + %75 maize, respectively). The method used of from the mixture was based on replacement system. Examined traits in this study consist of mai...
Relative production efficiency of maize-legume intercroppings at different altitudes
Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 2020
This license permits use, distribution and reproduction, commercial and non-commercial, provided that the original work is properly cited and is not changed in anyway. Incessant monocropping of more nutrient consuming maize leads to subsequent land deterioration, gradual food productivity reductions, and challenges the sustainability of for three years (2015, 2016 and 2017) to assess the equivalent maize was intercropped with mungbean and fababean using three nitrogen (N) levels (28, 56, 113 kg N ha-1) and in 2016, with mungbean and cowpea using two types of row arrangements (alternate single row, alternate double row). In 2017, maize was intercropped with mungbean and soybean with two types of seeding times, namely, simultaneous and staggered. Monocropping of maize and each of the legumes were also arranged for comparison at each location. Statistical results (maize + legume) established with a N dose of 113 kg N ha-1 with alternate single row arrangement and staggered sowing. recommended for cultivation. yield, simultaneous sowing, staggered sowing.
2021
46 www.wjir.org Abstract— Sustainable crop production is adversely affected by the degradation of the natural resources. Conservation agriculture based maize legume intercropping was evaluated with objectives of exploring productivity and profitability of the systems in Boricha and Loka Abaya districts of Southern Ethiopia during 2014 to 2016 cropping seasons.The experiment had six crop management practiceslaid in randomized complete block design replicated three times (farmers field as replication).Results showed that mean yield of intercropped maize under conservation agriculture was higher by 11% than that of the sole maize, and lower by 9% than the conventional farmers practice. Similarly, maize /legume intercropping under conservation agriculture resulted by 27and 38 % higher common bean and cow pea yield than that of the conventional farmers practice, respectively. In both cow pea and common bean intercropping with maize under conservation agriculture, 71 and 54% more effici...
Fodder productivity and profitability of different maize and legume intercropping systems
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019
The current trend in global agriculture is to search for highly productive, sustainable and eco-friendly cropping systems. Intercropping of cereals with legumes is a recognized practice for economizing the use of nitrogenous fertilizers and increasing the productivity, quality, and profitability particularly in commercial grain crops but possibilities of fodder production in these intercropping systems is less explored. Availability of green fodder with improved quality to animals is the key to success of dairy enterprises and it is difficult to maintain the health and milk production of the livestock without supply of the quality green fodder. The growing of fodder crops in mixture with legumes has potential to improve palatability and digestibility of fodder (Kumar et al. 2018, Kumar et al. 2016). It is fact that about 65-70% of the total cost of livestock farming is attributed to feeding. However, green fodder production is a good way in order to curtail the cost on feed and fodder resources for sustainable livestock production. At present, the country is facing a net deficit of 35.6% green fodder, 10.95% dry crop residues and 44% concentrate feed ingredients. At the current level of growth in forage resources, there will be 18.4% deficit in green fodder and 13.2% deficit in dry fodder by the year 2050 (Anonymous 2015). The main objective of intercropping has been to maximize use of resources such as space, light and nutrients as well as to improve fodder quality and quantity. When legumes are used as intercrops, they provide beneficial effect on soil health by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, improving physical, chemical and biological properties. Hence, present study was undertaken in order to to assess the productivity, soil nutrient status and economics of different forage maize-legumes based intercropping systems.
2015
The Indian population is growing rapidly (1.25 billion) and it has to fulfill its food and nutrition requirement. A collaborative strategy should be adopted for increasing productivity by intensifying available land use system. Intercropping is advanced management practices of soil fertility status, consisting of cultivating two or more crops in the same space at the same time, which have been practiced in past decades and achieved the goals of agriculture. The most common advantage of intercropping is the production of greater yield on a given piece of land by making more efficient use of the available resources using a mixture of crops of different rooting ability, canopy structure, height, and nutrient requirements based on the complementary utilization of growth resources by the component crops. Moreover, intercropping improves soil fertility through atmosphere nitrogen fixation from atmosphere (150 tons/year) with the use of legumes, increases soil conservation through greater ...
Potential and Advantages of Maize-Legume Intercropping System
Maize - Production and Use
Intercropping provides enough scope to include two or more crops simultaneously in same piece of land targeting higher productivity from unit area. Maize, a cereal crop of versatile use, as planted in wide rows offers the opportunity for adoption of intercropping. The intercropping system with maize and legume is beneficial in multifaceted aspects. The success of maize-legume intercropping system largely depends on choice of crops and their maturity, density, and time of planting. Advantage of maize-legume combination of intercropping system is pronounced in the form of higher yield and greater utilization of available resources, benefits in weeds, pests and disease management, fixation of biological nitrogen by legumes and transfer of N to associated maize, insurance against crop failure to small holders, and control of erosion by covering a large extent of ground area. Though maize-legume intercropping system exhibits limitations like less scope of farm mechanization, dependence on more human workforce, and chance of achieving less productivity from maize, the system implies more advantages for small holders in developing countries where human workforce is not a constraint. The chapter has focused on beneficial impacts of maize-legume intercropping system.
Advantages of Maize-Legume Intercropping Systems
An experiment was conducted during Kharif seasons of 2009 and 2010 on sandy loam soil of West Bengal, India to evaluate the productivity and economic viability of maize + legume intercropping systems in additive as well as in replacement series with different row proportions. Maize (Zea mays L.) cv. " Vijay " (composite), green gram (Vigna radiata L.) cv. " Samrat " , black gram (Vigna mungo L.) cv. " Sarada " , soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) cv. " PK 327 " and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. " JL 24 " , were tested in monoculture as well as in intercropping situations with 1:1 (additive series) and 1:2 ratios (replacement series). The result indicated that intercropped legumes improved the yield components of maize and offered some bonus yield. The highest maize grain yield (2,916.28 kg/ha) and maize equivalent yield (4,831.45 kg/ ha) were recorded with maize + green gram (1:1) and maize + peanut (1:1), respectively. The values of all the competition functions were always greater than unity and maize + black gram (1:2) recorded the highest values of land equivalent ratio (1.433), area time equivalent ratio (1.374) and land equivalent coefficient (0.421). Maximum monetary advantage (Rs. 10,579.13) was found with maize + green gam (1:1). Maize + peanut (1:2) combination recorded the highest relative net return (2.01), net return (Rs. 28,523.08), benefit-cost ratio (2.76) ad per day return (Rs. 259.30).
The present experiment was carried out to study the intercropping effect of green gram, black gram, soybean, groundnut and red gram with maize during kharif season of 2009 and 2010. Treatments consisted of sole crop of maize [rows spaced 60 cm apart (M 1) and paired rows (30 cm apart) spaced at 90 cm apart (M 2)], green gram (GG), black gram (BG), soybean (SB), groundnut (GN), and red gram (RG); intercropping of M 1 +GG, M 1 +BG, M 1 +SB, M 1 +GN and M 1 +RG with 1:1 and M 2 +2GG, M 2 +2BG, M 2 +2SB, M 2 +2GN and M 2 +2RG with 2:2 row proportions. Maize equivalent yield was always higher in all the intercropping situations as compared to pure stand yield of maize. The highest maize grain yield was obtained with maize + green gram intercropping (2783.11 kg ha-1) in 1:1. The highest maize equivalent yield was observed with maize + red gram (5270.46 kg ha-1) in 2:2 intercropping system. Values of land equivalent ratio, relative value total, relative net return and area time equivalent ratio were greater than unity and differed significantly in between both the groups of 1:1 and 2:2 proportions of intercropping. Highest gross and net return of Rs.55191.60 ha-1 and Rs.39950.30 ha-1 respectively was recorded in maize+red gram (2:2) intercropping.