Anti-Hepatotoxic Activity of Marrubium vulgare L. in Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Toxicity (original) (raw)
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AMELIORATING EFFECTS OF MARJORAM LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST HEPATIC DISORDER IN MALE RATS.
The present study aims to evaluate the protective role of marjoram (M) leaves extract against hepatic disorder- induced by thioacetamide (TAA) in male rats. Male Wister rats (150-200 gm) were divided into eight groups (6 rats / each). Group 1 normal control. Groups 2 and 3 received 200mg and 400 mg/kg bw ethanolic extract of marjoram (M) leaves respectively. Group 4 received 100mg/kg of silymarin (Sly). Group 5 received 200mg/kg/ bw of TAA. Group 6 received M200 with TAA. Group 7 received M400 with TAA. Group 8 received Sly with TAA. All treatments continued for 8 weeks. The results showed that treatment with TAA caused decrease in the body weight and increase liver weight. Also, the results showed changes in the hepatic function biomarkers which characterized by increased activities of serum enzymes(ALT, AST, ALP, GGT) and total bilirubin associated with decrease in total protein and albumin contents. Also, increased serum levels of total lipid (TL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and LDL-C with significant decrease in HDL-C. Moreover, the results showed significant decrease in hepatic TAC, SOD, GSH, GST and CAT activities while hepatic MDA level showed significant increase in TAA group. Treatment of animals with ethanolic extract of M in doses of 200 mg and 400 mg/ kg bw significantly reduced the TAA induced changes in the serum enzymes activities, lipid profile and antioxidants to near normal values. In conclusion, the results of the study indicated that the ethanolic extract of M has hepatoprotective activity against TAA induced hepatotoxicity in rats compared to Sly. The hepatoprotective effect of M may be due to the different antioxidant constituents that reduce oxidative stress and in hence the antioxidant status.
The methanol extracts of plant materials of some plants like Casuarina equisetifolia, Cajanus cajan, Glycosmis pentaphylla, Bixa orellana, Argemone mexicana, Physalis minima, Caesalpinia bonduc, belonging to the different family were studied for hepatoprotective activity against Swiss albino rats with liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl). It was found that the methanol extract of B. orellana, C. cajan, 4 G.pentaphylla and C. equisetifolia at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited moderate protective effect by lowering the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) or Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)or Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT) and cholesterol to a significant extent. Other methanol extracts of A. mexicana, P. minima and C. bonduc had no effect of lowering blood serum level rather than produced toxicity at the above specified dose. The highest activity of observed for methanol extract of B. orellana at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) and the reduction of serum level of ALT, AST and cholesterol were 52.08%, 57.37% and 52.90% respectively. The hepatoprotective activity was also supported by histopathological studies of liver tissue. Since results of biochemical studies of blood samples of carbon tetrachloride treated rats showed significant increase in the levels of serum enzyme activities, reflecting the liver injury caused by CCl and blood samples from the animals 4 treated with the methanol extracts of B. orellana, C. cajan, G.pentaphylla and C. equisetifolia showed significant decrease in the levels of serum markers, indicating the protection of hepatic cells, the extracts of four above plants could afford significant dose-dependent protection against CCl induced hepatocellular injury. 4
Scientific African, 2019
Melastomastrum capitatum is a plant whose leaf extract is popularly known for its ability to cure cancer of the ovary in Mambila plateau towns in Nigeria. Apart from the leaves, the root extract has been used to manage various diseases such as bacterial infections, pains, and diabetes. As a result of these health benefits, liver and vital organ damage are often associated with short (acute) or long (subchronic) intake of this plant decoction in traditional medicines. This present study was carried out to determine short and long (subchronic) terms effect of the root aqueous extract for the treatment of diseases especially diabetes by the Fulani tribe in Mambila plateau in Taraba State, Nigeria. Acute and subchronic toxicity studies were carried out following the guidelines stipulated by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). In the acute toxicity study, a limit test dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w) of aqueous root extract was administered by oral route into five Swiss albino mice consisting of five groups of one mouse per group. Observations were carefully made for signs of toxicity for the first 4 hours and then once daily for 2 weeks. A lower dose of 300 mg/kg b.w administered to the mice do not show any sign of acute toxicity unlike the higher dose which produced signs such a reddish eyes, itching and restlessness which last only a few minutes of extract administration. Subchronic toxicity study revealed that root extract of the plant is slightly toxic as had shown by results of most of blood parameters investigated such as WBC, PCV, ALT, AST, ALP, serum electrolytes, etc. However, our results showed that root aqueous extract of M. capitatum is well tolerated at the doses investigated as there was no major damage to vital organs like the liver, kidney and heart of the animals. The study therefore showed that the root extract of the plant is safe for use as an ethnomedicinal prescription for diseases in traditional medicine.
2014
The present work examines the protective mechanisms of methanol extract of Morinda tinctoria in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats. Rats are treated with carbon tetrachloride at the dose of 1 ml/kg body weight intraperitonially once every 72 hrs for 14 days. The hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of Morinda tinctoria was evaluated by measuring levels of serum marker enzymes like serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The serum levels of total protein and bilirubin were also estimated. The histological studies were also carried out to support the above parameters. Administration of extract (400and 800 mg/kg) significantly (p< 0.05) prevented CCl4-induced elevation of levels of serum GPT, GOT, ALP, and bilirubin. The results are comparable with standard drug silymarin. A comparative histopathological study of liver exhibited almost normal architecture, as compared to CCl 4 treated control group. These data suggest that the methanol extract of Morinda tinctoria may act as a hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent.
Analyses of the methanolic extract of the leaves of
2010
Medicinal plants are sources of important therapeutic aids for alleviating human ailments. Medicinal herbs are known to contain a variety of antioxidants. Herbal medicine is the use of medicinal plants for the prevention and treatment of diseases, it ranges from traditional and popular medicines of every country to the use of standardized herbal extracts. In tune with this effort, the objective set for the present study is to identify the phytochemical constituents of the leaves of Rhinacanthus nasutus in order to understand the nature of the principle component responsible for its medicinal property. A preliminary absorbance survey scan of the methanolic extract of R. nasutus evidenced the presence of multiple components in the extract. Two peaks observed in the HPLC spectrum showed the presence of two compounds in the extract. GCMS profile revealed that the active components present in the leaf extract might be alkaloids or polyphenols. The results of IR spectrum revealed that ban...
INFLUENCE OF SELECTED STACHYS EXTRACTS ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN RATS
The influence of methanol extracts of four Stachys species from Balkan on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats was investigated. The extracts were obtained from aerial parts of S. beckeana Dörfler & Hayek, S. anisochila Vis. et Pančić, S. plumosa Griseb. and S. alpina L. subsp. dinarica Murb. The liver damage was induced by s.c. injections of carbon tetrachloride (2.5 ml/kg b.w.) and the extracts were then consecutively applied for five days. Their effects were evaluated through alteration of biochemical parameters (liver enzymes in the serum), as well as through histopathological changes in the liver (liver damage score, LDS). Treatment of CCl 4-intoxicated rats with methanol extracts of investigated Stachys taxa (200 and 100 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) significantly reduced increased level of marker enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the serum (with the exception of AST and ALT after 100 mg/kg of S. anisochila extract was administered). Vast degenerative and vascular changes in CCl 4-treated rats were also notably reduced after the treatment with investigated extracts, corroborating the biochemical observations and confirming their hepatoprotective effects. The best dose-dependant activity was achieved by the methanol extract of S. alpina subsp. dinarica.
In vitro antioxidant activity and phenolic contents in methanol extracts from medicinal plants
Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2013
Plants are sources of natural antioxidants and some of their compounds have significant antioxidant properties and health benefits. Olaxsubscorpioidea and Distemonanthusbenthamianus are used in folk medicine for the treatment of many diseases. This study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant potential and the phenolic contents of the aqueous and 70% ethanolic extracts of the leaves of these plants. The antioxidant activity and phenolic contents of the aqueous and 70 %ethanolic extracts of the leaves of O.subscorpioidea and D.benthamianus were evaluated using Spectrophotometric methods for the determination of total phenols, total flavonoids, flavonols and proanthocyanidins. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, anti-lipid peroxidation, reducing power and ferrous chelating ability methods. The ethanolicextracts had the highest antioxidant activitiesand phenolic compoundslevels.D.benthamianusexhibited strong DPPH scavenging activity (IC 50 =10.87 ± 0.18),lipid peroxidation inhibition assay (IC 50 =0.97 ± 0.01 mg/mL),ferrous chelating assay (IC 50 =0.94 ± 0.02 mg/mL) added to its higher reducing power andphenolic contents (102.8±0.57 mg/g extract). Theantioxidant propertiesof these plants may explain their therapeutic activities. Our following work will explore the pharmacological potential of D. benthamianusethanolic extract.
2011
Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the gastroprotective properties of the methanol extract and the diterpene marrubiin obtained from the leaves of M. vulgare. Methods Assays were performed using different protocols in mice. Studies focusing on mechanisms of gastroprotection were also undertaken.j php_1321 1230..1237 Key findings In the model of ethanol-induced ulcers, we observed a significant reduction in all the parameters analysed; the curative ratios obtained were 49.31 Ϯ 0.57, 74.31 Ϯ 0.91 and 79.86 Ϯ 0.59 for the groups treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg of extract of M. vulgare and omeprazole (30 mg/kg), respectively. For indomethacin-induced ulcers, the percentages of ulcer inhibition were 50.32 Ϯ 5.60, 66.24 Ϯ 4.30, 82.17 Ϯ 04.09 and 67.52 Ϯ 4.38, for the groups treated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg M. vulgare and positive control (cimetidine), respectively. In both models, the marrubiin (25 mg/kg) produced a significant reduction in all the parameters when compared with the control group (P < 0.01). There was also a significant increase in pH and mucus production in the groups treated with M. vulgare extract and marubiin. The results also demonstrated that the gastroprotection induced by the extract and marubiin is related to the activity of nitric oxide and endogenous sulfhydryls, which are important gastroprotective factors. Conclusions The results of this study show that the extract of M. vulgare and marrubiin displays antiulcer activity and that this effect can be partly attributed to the isolated diterpene.
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS
Multilogic in Science, 2019
Qualitative screening for phytochemical presences using phytochemical tests of three medicinal plants viz., Annona squamosa, Citrus maxima and Boerhavia diffusa for identification of the chemical components using their methanol extract. From this present study we found out that the phytochemical investigation of Annona squamosa, Citrus maxima and Borehavia diffusia demonstrates the presence of secondary metabolites like Tannins, Terpenoids, Flavonoids, Saponins and Alkaloids. Plant extract analysis showed presence of phytochemicals such as tannins, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, saponinsb and alkaloids, which are known to have presence of the physiological and the medicinal activities as well. Numerous studies have substantiated that the existence of these phytochemicals or bioactive compounds give the physiological as well as medicinal properties to the plants studied in the treatment of different illnesses.