Synthesis of current data on typhoid fever (original) (raw)

2024, Open access journal of science

Medical biology is a medical specialty whose aim is to carry out examinations to measure the various constituents of biological fluids (blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, etc.), to interpret them in relation to the patient's condition and to pass on conclusions to the clinician. 6 The medical biology examination is therefore a medical act which contributes to prevention, screening, diagnosis or risk assessment of pathological conditions, and to therapeutic decision-making and management. 6,7 The medical biology laboratory (LBM) is a place where medical biology examinations are carried out. It is designed to carry out haematological, microbiological, immunoserological, parasitological and mycological analyses. 8 The aim of this paper is to summarize the literature on the germ responsible for typhoid fever, its pathophysiology and the role of the laboratory in managing the disease. Material and methods A systematic search was carried out in the Pub Med and google scholar databases using the following keywords Typhoid fever, Epidemiology, Physiopathology, laboratory, medical biology, typhoid fever, for articles and selected references of these articles. The 58 selected articles deal with epidemiological studies of typhoid fever, the prevalence of the disease worldwide, the medical biology laboratory, technological approaches to eradicating the disease, etc. Case definition Definitions are those of the WHO Typhoid Fever Surveillance System. 9 Confirmed case laboratory confirmation by culture or molecular methods of Salmonella typhi or detection of S. typhi DNA from a normally sterile site.