Correction to: Organizing Smart Buildings and Cities (original) (raw)
By 2050, 60% of the world population is expected to live in urban areas, the challenge will be to supply these population with basic resources while also ensuring overall economic, social and environmental sustainability (Sustainable Development). Cities worldwide have started to look for solutions which enable these three element of sustainable to be implemented. Many of the new approaches related to urban services have been based on harnessing technologies, including ICTand helping to create whatsome call “smart cities.”
Smart Cities - An urban challenge or unnecessary deviation.pdf
“As India’s population continues to grow, more citizens will move to cities. Experts predict that about 25-30 people will migrate every minute to major Indian cities from rural areas in search of better livelihood and better lifestyles. It is estimated that by the year 2050, the number of people living in Indian cities will touch 843 million. To accommodate this massive urbanization, India needs to ¬find smarter ways to manage complexities, reduce expenses, increase efficiency and improve the quality of life.” (Smartcitiesindia 2015 02) As the global population increases at a steady pace, more and more people are relocating to cities every single day. Experts predict the world’s urban population will double by 2050 – which means we’re adding the equivalent of seven New Delhi Cities to the planet every single year. Urban areas also contribute a higher share to GDP. The urban population in India is currently 31% of the total population and it contributes over 60% of India’s GDP. In the next 15 years it is projected that urban India will contribute nearly 75% of the national GDP. Cities are accordingly referred to as the engines of economic growth. Hence there is a crying need for cities to get smarter in order to handle this large-scale urbanization and finding new ways to manage complexity, increase efficiency, reduce expenses, and improve quality of life. This paper tries to look at the concept of Smart cities form an Indian perspective and tries to list down the pros and cons of the proposed 100 smart cities based on the concept note on smart cities as laid out by the Government of India, with respect to the impact these shall bear on the pattern of urban development being seen across the country.
Twenty first century cities encounter lots of problems regarding transportation, governance, information technology, environment, resources. Smart cities are needed and already booming all over the world. The concept of Smart Cities needs to be defined. The Smart City model by Giffinger et al (2007) is useful in this respect. It discerns six topics: smart living, smart governance, smart economy, smart mobility, smart environment and smart people. This article focuses on the consequences of smart cities for universities. They can teach their students specific competences in e.g. Information Technology, Urbanisation, Smart Cities and Sustainability. They can do research in such areas. But: " The centrality of 'smart citizens', rather than 'smart cities', can be easily overlooked. " (Slovava and Okwechime, 2016). Smart Cities can only function, if their citizen become smart. For universities that means teaching general competences to all students like problem solving, creativity, flexibility and critical thinking. Crucial is knowledge and skills regarding sustainability. For that matter the university will need to be an example to be credible. Actually universities need a paradigm shift: from control and continuous improvement to commitment, a preliminary stage to real breakthrough. The stage the university is in can be measured with the Emergency Model (c) (Van Kemenade, 2017). The instrument can also point out what still needs to be done to achieve the breakthrough that is needed for universities in times of Smart Cities.
Smart city criticism concentrates on conceptual and methodological ambiguity, corporate driven utopian visions, overlooking citizen and other stakeholder potential, ‘splintering urbanism’, and lack of long term vision for sustainable urban development adapted to local needs. Inspired by this critical discourse, this paper aims to present smart city planning and development shortcomings on the basis of applied experience and, further, use this experience to create a new theoretical construct about shortcomings to smart city planning and development. Nine individual smart city cases (Barcelona, Stockholm, Chicago, Rio de Janeiro, PlanlT Valley, Cyberjaya, Masdar, Songdo International Business District, Konza) are explored on the basis of selected published material and in-depth case studies, highlighting the challenges and shortcomings that appeared during their development and implementation. Subsequently, the identified shortcomings are synthesized and assessed critically across contextual and strategic levels, uncovering underlying causal relationships. The findings are used to create a new theoretical construct, comprising two paths to shortcomings towards smart city planning and development.
The Smart City Transformations: The Revolution of the 21st Century (2017)
Dr Calzada has been co-operating in the last years with Mr Amitabh Satyam, the Managing Partner at SAP company in Bangalore, India, in order to prepare the publication of the following book: ‘The Smart City Transformations: The Revolution of the 21st Century’. The book will be published by the prestigious Bloomsbury Academic & Professional division that also won the Bookseller Industry Award for Academic, Educational & Professional Publisher of the Year in both 2013 and 2014. The book is in print at present and it will be ready to be launched on December 2016. Here is the abstract of his contribution to the book with the Chapter entitled '(Un)Plugging Smart Cities with Urban Transformations [A Critical & Constructive View]: Dr Calzada argues that the development of the so-called buzzword smart city and its use in planning inner cities are intimately bound to current urban transformations. In an attempt to deconstruct or unplug the buzzword, Part Four shows a wide range of topics order to create not only a critical but also a constructive policy agenda of smartness in cities and regions. The conclusion of Part Four concludes with the necessity to plug stakeholders in by setting up a complex, multi-stakeholder, city–regional urbanity as a way toward real smartness in cities and regions. To plug in, or connect, stakeholders, one should consider the interdependencies among them; the need for democratic mechanisms to manage data; the need to scale up urban solutions to metropolitan and city–regional levels; the intent to provide comparative evidence-based data; and, finally, the tendency to establish not only quantitative but also qualitative rankings and city dashboards that enable adaptability rather than replicability. Part Four is structured in two chapters: Unplugging the Smart Cities (Chapter 12) and Plugging the Smart Cities (Chapter 13). At the end of Chapter 13, Dr Calzada elaborates on future policy implications for smartness in cities and regions: Transitions; Smart Devolution; Multi-stakeholders’ Interdependencies; Big Data; Smart City–Regional and Metropolitan Governance; Benchmarking; and City-Dashboards.
smart city is an emerging concept. This concept is being used all over the world with different nomenclatures context & meanings. A smart city is a city that is well planned, and it provides the cost efficient services, environmental efficiency, and technological sound services for the welfare of the citizens. Smart solutions can be helpful in controlling the ever increasing population in the cities. Keywords: smart building, smart city, smart economy, smart energy, smart environment, smart governance, smart living, smart mobility, smart people, smart public services, smart solutions. INTRODUCTION Smart City is a booming international phenomenon. Smart city word originated back in 1998, but the first funding for smart city came in the year 2000.The six dimensions of a smart city are Smart Economy, Smart Mobility, Smart Environment, Smart People, Smart Living and Smart Governance. Every city can become smarter by focusing on any of the above dimensions. A smart city is a community th...