Lead Hair Level Impact on Mongolian Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (original) (raw)
Related papers
Lead as a Risk Factor for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Children
Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine
Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is considered one of the most common childhood psychiatric disorders. The worldwide prevalence is approximately 5%. In Egypt, exposure of children to heavy metal is considered one of the risk factors lead to ADHD. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between lead exposure and ADHD in children and find the association between the level of exposure to lead and degree of ADHD symptoms. Method: Case control study was done by random selection of children from outpatient Clinic at Assiut University Hospital of Children. Data were collected by a questionnaire to evaluate environmental exposure to lead and blood analysis for this heavy metal level. Results: Lead level in ADHD children was significantly higher than control (20.88± 7.47 ug/dl versus 16.13 ± 7.91 ug/dl). While there is no significant difference between lead level and degree of symptoms among the ADHA children. In conclusion, there is a significant association between ADHD in the examined sample of children and exposure to lead especially through water contamination with lead. Lead level is significant for reflecting exposure to lead.
Environmental health perspectives, 2015
Previous studies suggest that blood lead levels are positively associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD-symptoms in children. However, the associations between lead exposure and ADHD subtypes are inconsistent and under-studied. The objective of this study was to explore the association of low-level concurrent lead exposure with subtypes of ADHD-symptoms in 578 Mexican children aged 6 to 13 years. We measured concurrent blood lead levels using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS). We administered the Conners' Rating Scales-Revised (CRS-R) to mothers to evaluate their children's ADHD-symptoms. We filled missing values in blood lead levels with imputation method and used segmented regression models adjusted for relevant covariates to model the non-linear relationship between blood lead and ADHD-symptoms. Mean ± SD blood lead levels were 3.4 ± 2.9µg/dL. In adjusted models, a 1-µg/dL increase in blood lead was positively associated ...
The Open Public Health Journal
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common behavioral problem in children. Identifying the associated risk factors of ADHD is very important for the prognosis and early diagnosis of the disease. Here, we evaluated the association between lead exposure and growth indexes in children with ADHD. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 30 children with ADHD and 50 healthy subjects. The patient’s age was between 5-12 years. Demographic and clinical information of children were recorded. Blood lead levels were measured in all samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: Children with ADHD had significantly higher mean BMI than the control group (16.54 ± 2.8 kg/m2 vs. 14.82 ± 1.68 kg/m2; p=0.001). The mean of blood lead in children with ADHD was significantly higher than the normal group (10.58 ± 8.06 μg/dl vs. 7.52 ± 2.26 μg/dl; p=0.01). Multiple logistic analysis revealed one unit increase in BMI was associated with a higher ris...
Biological Trace Element Research, 2019
The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between hair essential trace element and mineral content and ADHD in preschool (4-6 years old) and primary school children (6-10 years old) in relation to age and gender. Hair essential trace element and mineral content in 90 Russian children with ADHD and 90 age-and gender-matched neurotypical controls were assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry after microwave digestion. The obtained data demonstrate that hair Co, Cu, Mn, Si, and Zn contents in ADHD children was significantly reduced by 18%, 10%, 27%, 16%, and 19% as compared to the control values, respectively. The most significant decrease in children with ADHD was observed for hair Mg levels, being 29% lower than those in neurotypical children. After adjustment for age and gender, the observed difference in hair element content was more characteristic for preschool children and girls, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that in a crude model (hair element levels as predictors), only hair Zn content was significantly inversely associated with ADHD (β = − 0.169; p = 0.025). Adjustment for anthropometric parameters (model 2) did not increase the predictive ability of the model, although it improved the association between hair Zn and ADHD in children (β = − 0.194; p = 0.014). Hypothetically, the observed alterations may at least partially contribute to neurobehavioral disturbances in children with ADHD. Moreover, the results of the present study raise the question about the potential benefits of Zn and Mg supplementation in children with ADHD. However, further detailed studies are required to investigate micronutrient deficiencies in ADHD.
The Association between Lead and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
The etiology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is complex and multifactorial. Although the development of ADHD symptoms remains to be elucidated, in recent years, epigenetic processes have emerged as candidate mechanisms. Lead is one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants, and it is suspected to be associated with ADHD. The aim of the present study was to review the epidemiological literature currently available on the relation between lead exposure and the diagnosis of ADHD. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched from 1 July 2018 up to 31 July 2018. The authors included observational studies (cohort, case–control and cross-sectional studies) published in English carried out on children within the last 5 years, measuring lead exposure and health outcomes related to ADHD. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria: 5 of these studies found no association between lead exposure and ADHD whereas the remaining 12 studies showed positive associations, eve...
The Journal of pediatrics, 2018
To investigate the prospective associations between early childhood lead exposure and subsequent risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood and its potential effect modifiers. We analyzed data from 1479 mother-infant pairs (299 ADHD, 1180 neurotypical) in the Boston Birth Cohort. The child's first blood lead measurement and physician-diagnosed ADHD was obtained from electronic medical records. Graphic plots and multiple logistic regression were used to examine dose-response associations between lead exposure and ADHD and potential effect modifiers, adjusting for pertinent covariables. We found that 8.9% of the children in the Boston Birth Cohort had elevated lead levels (5-10 µg/dL) in early childhood, which was associated with a 66% increased risk of ADHD (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.08-2.56). Among boys, the association was significantly stronger (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.46-4.26); in girls, the association was largely attenuated (P value for sex-lead interaction ...
Environmental Research, 2010
Neurobehavioral measures of attention, and clinical features of the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been studied in pediatric environmental lead research. However rarely, if ever, have performance measures of attention or executive functions and questionnaire-based quantitative ADHD-observations been studied in the same subjects. We examined associations between pediatric blood lead concentrations (PbB), as well as those of mercury (Hg), and aluminum (Al), and performance in four different attention tasks, as well as behavioral ratings from an ICD-10 (hyperactivity) and DSM-IV-coded (attention deficit) German questionnaire (FBB-ADHS). Asymptomatic, 8-12 year old children from two Romanian cities were studied, namely Bucharest and Pantelimon, a city near a metal-processing plant. Blood was analyzed for Pb, Al, and Hg. Data from 83 children were available for final analysis. We assessed attention performance by means of four tasks of the computer-based ADHD-taylored German KITAP-battery. We also received questionnaire ratings from parents and teachers covering three ADHD-dimensions. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate associations between the three neurotoxic trace metals in blood and the different ADHD features. After adjusting for eleven potentially confounding variables we found consistent borderline to significant associations between Pb, but not other metals, in blood and various performance-and questionnaire data. False alarm responses (FAR) in the KITAP subtests rather than response latencies exhibited positive associations with PbB. Questionnaire ratings for ADHD dimensions also revealed PbB-related adversity. With any twofold increase of PbB outcome changed markedly, namely up to 35%. Restriction to children with PbBs o 10 mg/dl had only a marginal influence on outcome.The converging evidence from performance-and questionnaire data confirms that core elements of ADHD are adversely affected by low environmental PbB even below 10 mg/dl, but not by other neurotoxic trace metals. Observed effect-sizes are considerably larger than those typically found for lead-related IQ-deficit, thus suggesting that attention deficit could be the more basic adverse effect of lead in children. This is the first study from Central and Eastern Europe dealing with links between environmental exposure of children to neurotoxic metals and ADHD.
Iranian journal of psychiatry, 2016
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behavioral disorders in children effecting the families and society. This systematic review examined the literature on the role of lead exposure in children with ADHD symptoms. Articles were analytically compared, focusing on the methodology used to assess exposure and adverse effects on children with ADHD. Using the search strategy from six databases (Pub Med, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SID, IRAN Medex, IRAN DOC), hand searching in key journals, list of references of selected articles and gray literature, without time and language limitation, articles up to May 2014 were entered into this review. In this review, 1,387 articles were acquired at the primary search. Study selection and quality assessment processes were done based on Cochrane library guidelines. After assessing the quality and inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 articles were selected and entered into the data synthesis. Blood ...
Blood lead level and related factors in ADHD patients of Loghman Hakim Hospital in 2016- 2017
2019
Introduction: Lead is a highly neurotoxic metal mainly in early life. In this study we investigate blood lead level (BLL) in children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and some related factors mainly opium exposure, as a source of lead exposure in recent years in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study children & adolescents aged < 18 years in Child Neurology Clinic of Loghman Hakim hospital with ADHD criteria according to DMS-V in Tehran-Iran were studied. Lead Care II checked BLLs using 0.5-milliliter heparinzed venous blood. Demographics characteristic and some related factors such as old housing, parents’ job, pica, opium exposure were asked and analyzed. Results: Fifty-one children and adolescents <18 years, 25.5% female and 74.5% male with mean ages of 71.4+30.3 months entered the study. Mean BLL was 6.34+2.63 µg/dl. The mean BLL in 100 normal children in Loghman Hakim hospital was 3.4 µg/dl. Mean BLL was 57/6 ...
Hair Aluminum and Manganese Levels in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
2019
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder among children. Aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) are neurotoxic metals to which children are continuously exposed and may be involved in the pathogenesis of ADHD. The aim of this work was to evaluate Mn and Al levels in the hair of a sample of Egyptian ADHD children in relation to the clinical presentation of this disorder. The study was carried out on 200 children, divided into two main groups: the ADHD group including 100 ADHD children and the control group that comprised 100 apparently healthy children. Hair samples were collected and digested using microwave. Mn and Al levels in hair samples were detected by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP- OES). A statistically significant difference was found between the ADHD and the control groups regarding Mn levels especially among the patients with the hyperactive presentation; meanwhile, there was no significant difference in...